Ischemia of the glans penis - Revision history

WikiModEn2: /* Conclusion */ Wikify.

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	==Conclusion==		==Conclusion==
	The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the [[glans penis]]. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the [[glans penis]]?		The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the [[glans penis]]. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and [[gangrene]] of the [[glans penis]]?

	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the [[glans penis]].		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the [[glans penis]].
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	}}</ref> Medical doctors should be aware than such cases may be viewed by a future court as malpractice.		}}</ref> Medical doctors should be aware than such cases may be viewed by a future court as malpractice.

	The public is reminded that the usual infant [[circumcision]] ~~does not~~ treat or cure disease, because disease is not present. It is classified as without medical indication, non-therapeutic, and medically-unnecessary, but puts the patient at risk.		The public is reminded that the usual infant [[circumcision]] cannot treat or cure disease, because disease is not present. It is classified as without medical indication, non-therapeutic, and medically-unnecessary, but puts the patient at risk.

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

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	'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] complication of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal		'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] [[complication]] of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Pepe		\|last=Pepe
	\|first=Pietro		\|first=Pietro
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	\|DOI=10.7860/JCDR/2015/14972.6860		\|DOI=10.7860/JCDR/2015/14972.6860
	\|accessdate=2022-02-20		\|accessdate=2022-02-20
	}}</ref> The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to the [[glans penis]], so the excision of the frenulum reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.		}}</ref> The frenular artery supplies arterial blood to the [[glans penis]], so the excision of the [[frenulum]] reduces the supply of arterial blood to the glans penis.

	Circumcision also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the prepuce provide "at least part of the drainage of the glans surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook		[[Circumcision]] also disrupts the return flow of blood to the heart. Veins in the [[prepuce]] provide "at least part of the drainage of the [[glans]] surface."<ref name="mcgrath2001">{{REFbook
	\|last=McGrath		\|last=McGrath
	\|first=Ken		\|first=Ken
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	==Case reports==		==Case reports==
	Tzeng et al. (2004) reported the case of a 33-year-old man who experienceed ischemia of the [[glans penis]] within 24 hours after a circumcision. He was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation.<ref name="tzeng2004">{{REFjournal		Tzeng et al. (2004) reported the case of a 33-year-old man who experienceed ischemia of the [[glans penis]] within 24 hours after an [[adult circumcision]]. He was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation.<ref name="tzeng2004">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Tzeng		\|last=Tzeng
	\|first=Yuan-Sheng		\|first=Yuan-Sheng
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Devarakonda & Aghavendra (2010) reported a case of ischemia of the glans penis.<ref name="devarakonda2010">{{REFjournal		Devarakonda & Aghavendra (2010) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis]].<ref name="devarakonda2010">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Devarakonda		\|last=Devarakonda
	\|first=		\|first=
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Pepe et al. (2015) reported the case of a young man who had ischemia of the glans five days after circumcision. He was treated with hyperbaric therapy.<ref name="pepe2015"/>		Pepe et al. (2015) reported the case of a young man who had ischemia of the [[glans]] five days after [[circumcision]]. He was treated with hyperbaric therapy.<ref name="pepe2015"/>

	Cárdenas Elías et al. (2016) reported a case of ischemia of the glans penis in a ten-year-old patient with symptoms appearing two hours after circumcision. The boy was treated with pentoxifylline (PTX) that is maintained for 6 days, topical testosterone and a caudal blocking (for 48 hours).<ref>{{REFjournal		Cárdenas Elías et al. (2016) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis]] in a ten-year-old patient with symptoms appearing two hours after circumcision. The boy was treated with pentoxifylline (PTX) that is maintained for 6 days, topical testosterone and a caudal blocking (for 48 hours).<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Cárdenas Elías		\|last=Cárdenas Elías
	\|first=		\|first=
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Polak et al. (2021) present two cases of ischemia of the glans penis after medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision in which hyperbaric oxygen was used as salvage therapy to save the penises of the newborn boys.<ref name="polak2021">{{REFjournal		Polak et al. (2021) present two cases of ischemia of the [[glans penis]] after medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] in which hyperbaric oxygen was used as salvage therapy to save the penises of the newborn boys.<ref name="polak2021">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Polak		\|last=Polak
	\|first=Nir		\|first=Nir
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	==Conclusion==		==Conclusion==
	The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the [[glans penis]].		The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the [[glans penis]]. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the [[glans penis]]?

	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the [[glans penis]].

	A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and impedes circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.		A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and impedes circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.
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	[[Category:Circumcision complication]]		[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
	[[Category:Circumcision risk]]		[[Category:Circumcision risk]]
			[[Category:Circumcision term]]

WikiModEn2 at 18:48, 17 December 2023

2023-12-17T18:48:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 17 December 2023
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	==Disruption of blood circulation==		==Disruption of blood circulation==
	Male circumcision frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery.<ref>{{REFjournal		Male [[circumcision]] frequently includes excision of the [[frenulum]], which carries the frenular artery.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Shenoy		\|last=Shenoy
	\|first=		\|first=
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	\|accessdate=2022-02-20		\|accessdate=2022-02-20
	\|note=		\|note=
	}}</ref> Moreover, the dorsal veins from the [[acroposthion]] are severed and excised by circumcision. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal		}}</ref> Moreover, the dorsal veins from the [[acroposthion]] are severed and excised by [[circumcision]]. This frequently results in post-circumcision [[lymphoedema]] due to the reduction in blood circulation. Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent, indicating substantial impairment of circulation.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Ferhatoglu		\|last=Ferhatoglu
	\|first=		\|first=
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	==Case reports==		==Case reports==
	Tzeng et al. (2004) reported the case of a 33-year-old man who experienceed ischemia of the glans penis within 24 hours after a circumcision. He was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation.<ref name="tzeng2004">{{REFjournal		Tzeng et al. (2004) reported the case of a 33-year-old man who experienceed ischemia of the [[glans penis]] within 24 hours after a circumcision. He was treated with intravenous pentoxifyllin and hyperbaric oxygenation.<ref name="tzeng2004">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Tzeng		\|last=Tzeng
	\|first=Yuan-Sheng		\|first=Yuan-Sheng
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Aslan et al. (2005) reported the case of an eleven-year-old boy who experienced ischemia of the glans penis within 24 hours of a circumcision. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline injection for 5 days.<ref name="aslan2005">{{REFjournal		Aslan et al. (2005) reported the case of an eleven-year-old boy who experienced ischemia of the [[glans penis]] within 24 hours of a [[circumcision]]. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline injection for 5 days.<ref name="aslan2005">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Aslan		\|last=Aslan
	\|first=Adnan		\|first=Adnan
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Karaguzel et al. (2013) reported a case of ischemia of the glans penis after circumcision in a four-year-old boy. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal		Karaguzel et al. (2013) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis]] after [[circumcision]] in a four-year-old boy. The boy was successfully treated with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Karaguzel		\|last=Karaguzel
	\|first=		\|first=
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Migliorini et al. (2018) reported a case of ischemia of the glans penis after circumcision in a 24-year-old male. The patient was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in combination with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal		Migliorini et al. (2018) reported a case of ischemia of the [[glans penis]] after [[circumcision]] in a 24-year-old male. The patient was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in combination with pentoxifylline.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Migliorini		\|last=Migliorini
	\|first=Fillipo		\|first=Fillipo
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	==Conclusion==		==Conclusion==
	The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the glans penis.		The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the [[glans penis]].

	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.
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	\|accessdate=2022-02-20		\|accessdate=2022-02-20
	}}</ref> Medical doctors should be aware than such cases may be viewed by a future court as malpractice.		}}</ref> Medical doctors should be aware than such cases may be viewed by a future court as malpractice.

			The public is reminded that the usual infant [[circumcision]] does not treat or cure disease, because disease is not present. It is classified as without medical indication, non-therapeutic, and medically-unnecessary, but puts the patient at risk.

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

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2022-03-28T13:34:16Z

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	\|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/		\|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/mcgrath1/
	\|work=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem		\|work=Understanding Circumcision: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to a Multi-Dimensional Problem
	\|~~editor~~=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF~~, editors.~~		\|editors=Denniston GC, Hodges FM, Milos MF
	\|edition=		\|edition=
	\|volume=		\|volume=

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2022-02-21T11:23:46Z

Conclusion

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:23, 21 February 2022
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	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.

	A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and ~~destroys~~ circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.		A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and impedes circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.

	Tasci et al. (2020) report that the Turkish Institution of Forensic Medicine has undertaken the consideration of 24 cases of necrosis of the penis after circumcision with regard to malpractice.<ref name="tasci2020">{{REFjournal		Tasci et al. (2020) report that the Turkish Institution of Forensic Medicine has undertaken the consideration of 24 cases of necrosis of the penis after circumcision with regard to malpractice.<ref name="tasci2020">{{REFjournal

WikiModEn2: /* Conclusion */

2022-02-21T03:12:38Z

Conclusion

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:12, 21 February 2022
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	==Conclusion==		==Conclusion==
	The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case ~~progress~~ to necrosis and gangrene of the glans penis.		The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progressed to [[necrosis]] and gangrene of the glans penis.

	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.

	A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and destroys circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non-nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant circumcision is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.		A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and destroys circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant [[circumcision]] is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.

	Tasci et al. (2020) report that the Turkish Institution of Forensic Medicine has undertaken the consideration of 24 cases of necrosis of the penis after circumcision with regard to malpractice.<ref name="tasci2020">{{REFjournal		Tasci et al. (2020) report that the Turkish Institution of Forensic Medicine has undertaken the consideration of 24 cases of necrosis of the penis after circumcision with regard to malpractice.<ref name="tasci2020">{{REFjournal

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← Older revision		Revision as of 03:09, 21 February 2022
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	~~{{Construction Site}}~~
	'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] complication of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal		'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] complication of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Pepe		\|last=Pepe
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	[[Category:Circumcision complication]]		[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
			[[Category:Circumcision risk]]

WikiModEn2 at 01:35, 21 February 2022

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:35, 21 February 2022
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	{{Construction Site}}		{{Construction Site}}
	'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] complication of circumcision.<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal		'''Ischemia of the glans penis''' is a not-so-rare [[iatrogenic]] complication of [[circumcision]].<ref name="pepe2015">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Pepe		\|last=Pepe
	\|first=Pietro		\|first=Pietro

WikiModEn2: /* Conclusion */

2022-02-21T01:33:06Z

Conclusion

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:33, 21 February 2022
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	The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progress to necrosis and gangrene of the glans penis.		The medical literature has a number of reports of successful treatment of ischemia of the glans penis. But what of the cases in which treatment was not timely instituted and the case progress to necrosis and gangrene of the glans penis.

	Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and ~~reduced~~ the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.		Ischemia of the glans penis after [[circumcision]] is not an act of God. It is an [[iatrogenic]] occurrence that happens when medical personnel intentionally sever blood vessels in the [[penis]] and reduce the blood circulation into and through the glans penis.

	A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and destroys circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non-nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant circumcision is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.		A surgical operation which severs blood vessels and destroys circulation cannot be viewed as other than harmful. The first rule of medical ethics is ''premum non-nocere''. First do no harm. The typical infant circumcision is a non-therapeutic amputation that harms without providing a benefit such as prevention or treatment of disease.