Difference between revisions of "Declaration of Helsinki (2012)"

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<center><big>'''Declaration of Helsinki'''</big></center>
 
<center><big>'''Declaration of Helsinki'''</big></center>
  
Whereas it is the fundamental and inherent right of each human being to security of the person without regard to age, sex, gender, ethnicity, or religion as articulated in the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf Universal Declaration of Human Rights]'', the ''[https://treaties.un.org/doc/Treaties/1976/03/19760323%2006-17%20AM/Ch_IV_04.pdf International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]'', and the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf Convention on the Rights of the Child]'',
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''Whereas'' it is the fundamental and inherent right of each human being to security of the person without regard to age, sex, gender, ethnicity, or religion as articulated in the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf Universal Declaration of Human Rights]'', the ''[[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]'', and the ''[[UN Convention on the Rights of the Child]]'',
  
Now we declare the existence of a fundamental right of each human being, a '''''Right of Genital Autonomy''''', that is, the right to:
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''Now we declare'' the existence of a fundamental right of each human being, a '''''Right of Genital Autonomy''''', that is, the right to:
  
 
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
 
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions. We declare that consistent with the Right of Genital Autonomy the only person who may consent to medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions is:
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* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions.  
:* in the case of a person who is competent to give free and informed consent, being fully informed about the nature, the risks and benefits of the intervention – the person undergoing the intervention; and
 
:* in the case of an incompetent person including a young child – only a properly constituted public authority or tribunal appointed to balance the human rights and the best interests of the person after considering the views of family members, professionals, and an independent advocate for the person.
 
  
We recognize the fundamental right of parents and guardians to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. Those rights of parents and guardians are not absolute, they are limited by the same fundamental human rights of others, in particular, their children.
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''We declare'' that consistent with the Right of Genital Autonomy the only person who may consent to medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions is:
  
We declare that healthy genital and reproductive organs are natural, normal, functional parts of the human body. Governments and healthcare providers have a duty to educate parents and children about non-invasive hygiene, care of genital and reproductive organs, and to explain their anatomical and physiological development and function.
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* in the case of a person who is competent to give free and [[informed consent]], being fully informed about the nature, the risks and benefits of the intervention – the person undergoing the intervention; and
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* in the case of an incompetent person including a young child – only a properly constituted public authority or tribunal appointed to balance the [[human rights]] and the best interests of the person after considering the views of family members, professionals, and an independent advocate for the person.
  
We encourage and support further research into the adverse consequences of such interventions.
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''We recognize'' the fundamental right of parents and guardians to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. Those rights of parents and guardians are not absolute, they are limited by the same fundamental [[human rights]] of others, in particular, their children.
  
We oppose research and experimentation that involve the performance of medically unnecessary modification and other irreversible medical interventions affecting genital and reproductive organs upon non-consenting children and adults.
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''We declare'' that healthy genital and reproductive organs are natural, normal, functional parts of the human body. Governments and healthcare providers have a duty to educate parents and children about non-invasive hygiene, care of genital and reproductive organs, and to explain their anatomical and physiological development and function.
  
We call on all governments to acknowledge the Right of Genital Autonomy for every child and adult, that is the right to:
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''We encourage'' and support further research into the adverse consequences of such interventions.
 +
 
 +
''We oppose'' research and experimentation that involve the performance of medically unnecessary modification and other irreversible medical interventions affecting genital and reproductive organs upon non-consenting children and adults.
 +
 
 +
''We call'' on all governments to acknowledge the Right of Genital Autonomy for every child and adult, that is the right to:
  
 
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
 
* personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
 
* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and their irreversible reproductive interventions.
 
* protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and their irreversible reproductive interventions.
  
We call on all States members to the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf Convention on the Rights of the Child]'' to honor their commitments under that instrument, in particular Articles 2, 12, 14, 19 and 24.
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''We call'' on all States members to the ''[https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/crc.pdf Convention on the Rights of the Child]'' to honor their commitments under that instrument, in particular Articles 2, 12, 14, 19 and 24.
  
  
Passed by the General Assembly of the [[Twelfth International Symposium| 12th International Symposium on Law, Genital Autonomy & Children’s Rights]], Helsinki, Finland, 29 September to 3 October 2012.
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<small>Adopted by the General Assembly of the [[Twelfth International Symposium| 12th International Symposium on Law, Genital Autonomy & Children’s Rights]], Helsinki, [[Finland]], 3 October 2012.</small>
  
[[Category:Genitals]]
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[[Category:Parental information]]
 
[[Category:Genital cutting]]
 
[[Category:Genital cutting]]
 
[[Category:Genital surgery]]
 
[[Category:Genital surgery]]
 
[[Category:Politics]]
 
[[Category:Politics]]
 
[[Category:Intactivism]]
 
[[Category:Intactivism]]
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[[Category:Symposium]]
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[[Category:Human rights]]
 +
[[Category:Medical ethics]]
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[[de:Helsinki-Erklärung (2012)]]

Latest revision as of 21:19, 24 May 2023

Declaration of Helsinki

Whereas it is the fundamental and inherent right of each human being to security of the person without regard to age, sex, gender, ethnicity, or religion as articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,

Now we declare the existence of a fundamental right of each human being, a Right of Genital Autonomy, that is, the right to:

  • personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
  • protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions.

We declare that consistent with the Right of Genital Autonomy the only person who may consent to medically unnecessary genital modification and other irreversible reproductive interventions is:

  • in the case of a person who is competent to give free and informed consent, being fully informed about the nature, the risks and benefits of the intervention – the person undergoing the intervention; and
  • in the case of an incompetent person including a young child – only a properly constituted public authority or tribunal appointed to balance the human rights and the best interests of the person after considering the views of family members, professionals, and an independent advocate for the person.

We recognize the fundamental right of parents and guardians to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion. Those rights of parents and guardians are not absolute, they are limited by the same fundamental human rights of others, in particular, their children.

We declare that healthy genital and reproductive organs are natural, normal, functional parts of the human body. Governments and healthcare providers have a duty to educate parents and children about non-invasive hygiene, care of genital and reproductive organs, and to explain their anatomical and physiological development and function.

We encourage and support further research into the adverse consequences of such interventions.

We oppose research and experimentation that involve the performance of medically unnecessary modification and other irreversible medical interventions affecting genital and reproductive organs upon non-consenting children and adults.

We call on all governments to acknowledge the Right of Genital Autonomy for every child and adult, that is the right to:

  • personal control of their own genital and reproductive organs; and
  • protection from medically unnecessary genital modification and their irreversible reproductive interventions.

We call on all States members to the Convention on the Rights of the Child to honor their commitments under that instrument, in particular Articles 2, 12, 14, 19 and 24.


Adopted by the General Assembly of the 12th International Symposium on Law, Genital Autonomy & Children’s Rights, Helsinki, Finland, 3 October 2012.