Female genital mutilation - Revision history

WikiAdmin: updated FGM types description by WHO

2023-09-13T07:07:33Z

updated FGM types description by WHO

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:07, 13 September 2023
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	'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref name="who2020">{{REFweb		'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref name="who2020">{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.who.int/~~news~~-~~room~~/~~fact~~-~~sheets~~/~~detail~~/female-genital-mutilation		\|url=https://www.who.int/teams/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-research-(srh)/areas-of-work/female-genital-mutilation/types-of-female-genital-mutilation
	\|title=~~Female~~ genital mutilation		\|title=Types of female genital mutilation
	\|website=World Health Organization		\|website=[[World Health Organization]]
	\|date=2020-02-03		\|date=2020-02-03
	\|accessdate=~~2021~~-12-27		\|accessdate=2023-09-13
	}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).		}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).

	~~The~~ [[World Health Organization]] ~~describes~~ four types of FGM:		In 1997, the [[World Health Organization]] classified female genital mutilation into four different types. Since then, experience with using this classification revealed the need to subdivide these categories, to capture the varieties of [[FGM]] in more detail. Severity (which here corresponds to the amount of tissue damaged) and health risk are closely related to the type of [[FGM]] performed as well as the amount of tissue that is cut.<ref name="who2020"/>
	<~~blockquote~~>
	~~Type 1: This is the partial~~ or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>		The four major types of [[FGM]], and their subtypes, are:<ref name="who2020"/>
	~~Type 2: This is~~ the ~~partial~~ or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva).<br>
	~~Type 3: Also known~~ as [[infibulation]]~~, this is the narrowing~~ of the vaginal opening ~~through~~ the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the [[labia minora]], or [[labia majora]]~~, sometimes through stitching,~~ with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and [[[[clitoral glans\|glans]].<br>		<ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman">
	~~Type 4: This includes all~~ other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, ~~e.g.,~~ pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and ~~cauterizing the genital area~~.<ref name="who2020"/>		<li>Partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals, with the function of providing sexual pleasure to the woman), and/or the prepuce/[[clitoral hood]] (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]). When it is important to distinguish between the major variations of Type I [[FGM]], the following subdivisions are used:
	</~~blockquote~~>		<ol style="list-style-type:lower-roman">
			<li>Removal of the prepuce/[[clitoral hood]] only.</li>
			<li>Removal of the [[clitoral glans]] with the prepuce/[[clitoral hood]].</li>
			</li>
			</ol>
			<li>Partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva). When it is important to distinguish between the major variations of Type II [[FGM]], the following subdivisions are used:
			<ol style="list-style-type:lower-roman">
			<li>Removal of the [[labia minora]] only.</li>
			<li>Partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the [[labia minora]] (prepuce/[[clitoral hood]] may be affected).</li>
			<li>Partial or total removal of the clitoral glans, the [[labia minora]] and the [[labia majora]] (prepuce/[[clitoral hood]] may be affected).</li>
			</li>
			</ol>
			<li>(Often referred to as [[infibulation]]). Narrowing of the vaginal opening with the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the [[labia minora]], or [[labia majora]]. The covering of the vaginal opening is done with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/[[clitoral hood]] and [[clitoral glans\|glans]] (Type I [[FGM]]). When it is important to distinguish between variations of Type III [[FGM]], the following subdivisions are used:
			<ol style="list-style-type:lower-roman">
			<li>Removal and repositioning of the [[labia minora]].</li>
			<li>Removal and repositioning of the [[labia majora]].</li>
			</li>
			</ol>
			<li>All other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, for example pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterization. </li>
			</ol><ref name="who2020"/>

			'''Deinfibulation''' refers to the practice of cutting open the sealed vaginal opening of a woman who has been infibulated (Type III). This is often done to allow sexual intercourse or to facilitate childbirth, and is often necessary for improving the woman’s health and well-being.<ref name="who2020"/>


			{{NOTE}} To date (September 2023), the [[World Health Organization]] has not yet cataloged [[Genital mutilation\|male genital mutilation]] ([[MGM]]), although there is also a corresponding range of types. This is why the [[WHO]] is repeatedly accused of being blind in one eye when it comes to the issue of [[genital mutilation]].

	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}

WikiAdmin: updated text from WHO

2023-09-13T06:51:30Z

updated text from WHO

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:51, 13 September 2023
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	The [[World Health Organization]] describes four types of FGM:		The [[World Health Organization]] describes four types of FGM:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	Type 1: ~~this~~ is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>		Type 1: This is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>
	Type 2: ~~this~~ is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>		Type 2: This is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva).<br>
	Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans ~~(Type I FGM)~~.<br>		Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the [[labia minora]], or [[labia majora]], sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and [[[[clitoral glans\|glans]].<br>
	Type 4: This includes all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.<ref name="who2020" />		Type 4: This includes all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g., pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.<ref name="who2020"/>
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>

WikiAdmin: changed category

2023-08-18T05:43:12Z

changed category

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:43, 18 August 2023
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	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

	[[Category:~~Term~~]]		[[Category:Circumcision term]]
	[[Category:FGM]]		[[Category:FGM]]
	[[Category:Body modification]]		[[Category:Body modification]]
	[[Category:Female genital mutilation]]		[[Category:Female genital mutilation]]

WikiModEn2: Wikify.

2022-07-15T10:54:39Z

Wikify.

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:54, 15 July 2022
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	}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).		}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).

	The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:		The [[World Health Organization]] describes four types of FGM:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>		Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>

WikiAdmin: wikify clitoral glans

2021-12-28T08:54:56Z

wikify clitoral glans

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:54, 28 December 2021
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	The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:		The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the clitoral glans).<br>		Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the [[clitoral glans]]).<br>
	Type 2: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>		Type 2: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>
	Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans (Type I FGM).<br>		Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans (Type I FGM).<br>
	Type 4: This includes all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.<ref name="who2020" />		Type 4: This includes all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.<ref name="who2020" />

WikiModEn2: Wikify

2021-12-27T23:38:21Z

Wikify

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:38, 27 December 2021
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	The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:		The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>
	Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the clitoral glans).<br>		Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the [[clitoral glans]] (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the clitoral glans).<br>
	Type 2: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>		Type 2: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>
	Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans (Type I FGM).<br>		Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans (Type I FGM).<br>

WikiModEn2: Add text.

2021-12-27T23:02:39Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:02, 27 December 2021
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	'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref>{{REFweb		'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref name="who2020">{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation		\|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation
	\|title=Female genital mutilation		\|title=Female genital mutilation
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\|accessdate=2021-12-27		\|accessdate=2021-12-27
	}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).		}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).

			The World Health Organization describes four types of FGM:
			<blockquote>
			Type 1: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans (the external and visible part of the [[clitoris]], which is a sensitive part of the female genitals), and/or the prepuce/ clitoral hood (the fold of skin surrounding the clitoral glans).<br>
			Type 2: this is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans and the [[labia minora]] (the inner folds of the vulva), with or without removal of the [[labia majora]] (the outer folds of skin of the vulva ).<br>
			Type 3: Also known as [[infibulation]], this is the narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering seal. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora, or labia majora, sometimes through stitching, with or without removal of the clitoral prepuce/clitoral hood and glans (Type I FGM).<br>
			Type 4: This includes all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.<ref name="who2020" />
			</blockquote>

	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}

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2021-12-27T20:28:11Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 27 December 2021
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	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}
	* [[FGC]]		* [[FGC]]
			* [[Genital cutting/List of countries]]

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

WikiAdmin: added FGC

2021-12-27T16:19:12Z

added FGC

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:19, 27 December 2021
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	'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref>{{REFweb		'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation		\|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation
	~~\|archived=~~
	\|title=Female genital mutilation		\|title=Female genital mutilation
	~~\|trans-title=~~
	~~\|language=~~
	~~\|last=~~
	~~\|first=~~
	~~\|author-link=~~
	~~\|publisher=~~
	\|website=World Health Organization		\|website=World Health Organization
	\|date=2020-02-03		\|date=2020-02-03
	\|accessdate=2021-12-27		\|accessdate=2021-12-27
	~~\|format=~~
	~~\|quote=~~
	}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).		}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).

			{{SEEALSO}}
			* [[FGC]]

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

WikiModEn2: Create page.

2021-12-27T14:15:51Z

Create page.

New page

'''Female genital mutilation''', frequently called by its initialism ([[FGM]]), is defined as the partial or total removal of external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/female-genital-mutilation
|archived=
|title=Female genital mutilation
|trans-title=
|language=
|last=
|first=
|author-link=
|publisher=
|website=World Health Organization
|date=2020-02-03
|accessdate=2021-12-27
|format=
|quote=
}}</ref> Female genital mutilation violates the same [[human rights]] as does male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).

{{REF}}

[[Category:Term]]
[[Category:FGM]]
[[Category:Body modification]]
[[Category:Female genital mutilation]]