India - Revision history

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A new surgical technique from India: Add inline link.

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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	This procedure supplies a special need of religious officials of ~~the Jain religion~~. It is not generally suitable for others.		This procedure supplies a special need of religious officials of [https://encyclopediaofjainism.com/what-is-jainism/ Jainism]. It is not generally suitable for others.

	== Circumcision in India ==		== Circumcision in India ==

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	=== Medical circumcision ===		=== Medical circumcision ===
	Circumcision of adult male for medical indications is also practiced. There are urologists who advertise and promote their services. It is not clear that Indian urologists offer conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[foreskin]] conditions to [[intact]] Indian men. The [https://www.usi.org.in/ Urological Society of India] does not offer guidelines on the conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[phimosis]].<ref name="usi2024">{{REFweb		Circumcision of adult male for medical indications is also practiced. There are [[urologist\| urologists]] who advertise and promote their services. It is not clear that Indian urologists offer conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[foreskin]] conditions to [[intact]] Indian men. The [https://www.usi.org.in/ Urological Society of India] does not offer guidelines on the conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[phimosis]].<ref name="usi2024">{{REFweb
	\|url=https://usi.org.in/index.php		\|url=https://usi.org.in/index.php
	\|title=Urological Society of India		\|title=Urological Society of India
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	\|date=		\|date=
	\|accessdate=2024-07-06		\|accessdate=2024-07-06
	}}</ref> As in other nations, [[foreskinned]] men should receive a urologist's recommendation for [[adult circumcision]] with extreme caution.		}}</ref> As in other nations, [[foreskinned]] men should receive a [[urologist]]'s recommendation for [[adult circumcision]] with extreme caution.

	== Sources of information ==		== Sources of information ==

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	== The prevalence of circumcision ==		== The prevalence of circumcision ==
	The [https://www.nfhsiips.in/nfhsuser/index.php National Family Health Survey] (2015) found that the prevalence of [[circumcision]] varies among the Indian states as shown on a map. The national average was reported to be 15.67 percent.<ref>{{REFweb		The [https://www.nfhsiips.in/nfhsuser/index.php National Family Health Survey] (2015) found that the prevalence of [[circumcision]] varies among the Indian states as shown on a map. The national average was reported to be 15.67 percent. The prevalence of circumcision varied from 2.4% in Tripura to 94.5% on the island of Lakshadweep.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Kerala/comments/zoumv5/circumcision_among_indian_states/#lightbox		\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Kerala/comments/zoumv5/circumcision_among_indian_states/#lightbox
	\|title=Percentage of Males Who are Circumcised in Each State		\|title=Percentage of Males Who are Circumcised in Each State

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	{{LINKS}}		{{LINKS}}
	* {{URLwikipedia\|India\|India\|2019-09-15}}		* {{URLwikipedia\|India\|India\|2019-09-15}}
			* {{REFweb
			\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Kerala/comments/zoumv5/circumcision_among_indian_states/
			\|title=Prevalence of circumcision in India by state.
			\|last=Anonymous
			\|publisher=National Family Health Survey
			\|date=2015
			\|accessdate=2026-05-12
			}}
	* {{REFweb		* {{REFweb
	\|url=https://intactamerica.org/cultures-that-reject-circumcision/		\|url=https://intactamerica.org/cultures-that-reject-circumcision/

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Medical circumcision

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	=== Medical circumcision ===		=== Medical circumcision ===
	Circumcision of adult male for medical indications is also practiced. There are urologists who advertise and promote their services. It is not clear that Indian urologists offer conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[foreskin]] conditions to [[intact]] Indian men. The Urological Society of India does not offer guidelines on the conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[phimosis]].<ref name="usi2024">{{REFweb		Circumcision of adult male for medical indications is also practiced. There are urologists who advertise and promote their services. It is not clear that Indian urologists offer conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[foreskin]] conditions to [[intact]] Indian men. The [https://www.usi.org.in/ Urological Society of India] does not offer guidelines on the conservative prepuce-preserving treatment of [[phimosis]].<ref name="usi2024">{{REFweb
	\|url=https://usi.org.in/index.php		\|url=https://usi.org.in/index.php
	\|title=Urological Society of India		\|title=Urological Society of India

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 == The prevalence of circumcision ==
-The World Population Review (2024) and [[Brian J. Morris]] (2016) both estimate that 13.5 percent of Indian males are [[circumcised]],<ref>{{REFweb
+The [https://www.nfhsiips.in/nfhsuser/index.php National Family Health Survey] (2015) found that the prevalence of [[circumcision]] varies among the Indian states as shown on a map. The national average was reported to be 15.67 percent.<ref>{{REFweb
   |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/circumcision-by-country
   |title=Circumcision by Country 2024

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	The partition caused a mass migration with Muslims moving from India into Pakistan and non-Muslims moving from Pakistan into India. Muslims continued to conduct forced circumcisions at this time.<ref name="fcirc"/>		The partition caused a mass migration with Muslims moving from India into Pakistan and non-Muslims moving from Pakistan into India. Muslims continued to conduct forced circumcisions at this time.<ref name="fcirc"/>
	==The foreskin in India==		==The foreskin in India==
	Indian men avoid circumcision.<ref>{{REFweb		Indian men avoid [[circumcision]].<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.hoshyoga.org/why-do-indians-dont-get-circumcised/		\|url=https://www.hoshyoga.org/why-do-indians-dont-get-circumcised/
	\|title=Why do Indians don’t get circumcised?		\|title=Why do Indians don’t get circumcised?

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	[[Category:Asia]]		[[Category:Asia]]
	[[Category:Circumcision]]		[[Category:Circumcision]]
	[[Category:~~Countries~~]]		[[Category:Country]]
	[[Category:Education]]		[[Category:Education]]
	~~[[Category:India]]~~
	[[Category:Male circumcision]]		[[Category:Male circumcision]]
	[[Category:Statistics]]		[[Category:Statistics]]

			[[Category:India]]

	[[de:Indien]]		[[de:Indien]]

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	The partition caused a mass migration with Muslims moving from India into Pakistan and non-Muslims moving from Pakistan into India. Muslims continued to conduct forced circumcisions at this time.<ref name="fcirc"/>		The partition caused a mass migration with Muslims moving from India into Pakistan and non-Muslims moving from Pakistan into India. Muslims continued to conduct forced circumcisions at this time.<ref name="fcirc"/>
	==The foreskin in India==		==The foreskin in India==
			Indian men avoid circumcision.<ref>{{REFweb
			\|url=https://www.hoshyoga.org/why-do-indians-dont-get-circumcised/
			\|title=Why do Indians don’t get circumcised?
			\|last=Anonymous
			\|publisher=Host Yoga
			\|date=2025
			\|accessdate=2025-11-13
			}}</ref>
	Ravi Kumar (2017) observed:		Ravi Kumar (2017) observed:
	<blockquote>		<blockquote>

WikiAdmin: wikify puberty

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wikify puberty

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	Circumcision marks one as a probable member of the Muslim religious minority.<ref name="sahay2014" /> Although male circumcision is not unlawful, it is not part of the culture or religion of most Indians. In fact, it is viewed with distaste or even horror by most Indians, especially since it is associated with [[Islam\| Islamic]] practice.<ref name="sahay2014" /> Sikhism prohibits cutting of the body and Jainism favors non-violence. Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and others have no desire to appear to be Muslim. The vast majority (86.5%) of males are [[foreskinned]].		Circumcision marks one as a probable member of the Muslim religious minority.<ref name="sahay2014" /> Although male circumcision is not unlawful, it is not part of the culture or religion of most Indians. In fact, it is viewed with distaste or even horror by most Indians, especially since it is associated with [[Islam\| Islamic]] practice.<ref name="sahay2014" /> Sikhism prohibits cutting of the body and Jainism favors non-violence. Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and others have no desire to appear to be Muslim. The vast majority (86.5%) of males are [[foreskinned]].

	Boys born into the 14.2% Muslim minority of families are usually [[circumcised]] ritually without anaesthesia for the [[pain]] by traditional circumcisors or barbers prior to puberty.<ref name="sahay2014"/>		Boys born into the 14.2% Muslim minority of families are usually [[circumcised]] ritually without anaesthesia for the [[pain]] by traditional circumcisors or barbers prior to [[puberty]].<ref name="sahay2014"/>

	=== Medical circumcision ===		=== Medical circumcision ===