Langerhans cells - Revision history

WikiModEn2: /* Population-based studies */ Add African section.

2022-10-30T12:56:38Z

Population-based studies: Add African section.

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 == Population-based studies ==
 {{Population-based studies}}
 {{SEEALSO}}
 * [[Foreskin]]

WikiAdmin: using template DeWitte etal 2007

2022-10-08T15:03:10Z

using template DeWitte etal 2007

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 ==== Present view ====
-On 4 March 2007 the online ''Nature Medicine'' magazine published the letter "Langerin is a natural barrier to HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells."<ref>{{REFjournal
+On 4 March 2007 the online ''Nature Medicine'' magazine published the letter "Langerin is a natural barrier to HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells."<ref>{{DeWitte etal 2007}}</ref> One of the authors of the study, Teunis Geijtenbeek, said that "Langerin is able to scavenge viruses from the surrounding environment, thereby preventing infection" and "since generally all tissues on the outside of our bodies have Langerhans cells, we think that the human body is equipped with an antiviral defense mechanism, destroying incoming viruses."<ref>{{REFnews
   |last=Mundell
   |first=E. J.

WikiAdmin: using Template:Population-based studies

2022-08-21T12:21:49Z

using Template:Population-based studies

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 }}</ref>
-==Function==
+== Function ==
 In [[skin]] infections, the local Langerhans cells take up and process microbial antigens to become fully functional antigen-presenting cells.
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 === HIV ===
-====Former hypothesis====
+==== Former hypothesis ====
 Kawamura et al. (2005) suggested Langerhans cells may be initial cellular targets in the sexual transmission of [[HIV]],<ref>{{REFjournal
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 }}</ref>
-====Present view====
+==== Present view ====
 On 4 March 2007 the online ''Nature Medicine'' magazine published the letter "Langerin is a natural barrier to HIV-1 transmission by Langerhans cells."<ref>{{REFjournal
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 }}</ref>
-==Population-based studies==
+== Population-based studies ==
-There is now substantial evidence that male circumcision does NOT in fact, protect against HIV infection.
+{{Population-based studies}}
 {{SEEALSO}}

WikiModEn2: Add section.

2022-08-11T23:38:27Z

Add section.

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   |accessdate=2012-06-27
 }}</ref>
 {{SEEALSO}}

WikiAdmin: wikify skin

2021-12-27T15:10:36Z

wikify skin

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:10, 27 December 2021
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	[[File:Dendritic cells.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Section of skin showing large numbers of dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) in the [[Epidermis (skin)\|epidermis]]. (''[[M. ulcerans]]'' infection, S100 [[immunoperoxidase\|immunoperoxidase stain]].)]]		[[File:Dendritic cells.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|Section of [[skin]] showing large numbers of dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) in the [[Epidermis (skin)\|epidermis]]. (''[[M. ulcerans]]'' infection, S100 [[immunoperoxidase\|immunoperoxidase stain]].)]]
	[[File:The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology. A portion of the Cell Ontology is shown with ovals corresponding to cell types defined in the ontology and arrows corresponding to relations between those cell types. Langerhans cell is represented by a yellow oval; blue arrows correspond to is_a relations, and orange arrows correspond to develops_from relations. Only a subset of Langerhans cell parent types are included in the figure.<ref name="pmid19243617">{{REFjournal		[[File:The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|The representation of Langerhans cells in the Cell Ontology. A portion of the Cell Ontology is shown with ovals corresponding to cell types defined in the ontology and arrows corresponding to relations between those cell types. Langerhans cell is represented by a yellow oval; blue arrows correspond to is_a relations, and orange arrows correspond to develops_from relations. Only a subset of Langerhans cell parent types are included in the figure.<ref name="pmid19243617">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Masci		\|last=Masci
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	}}</ref>]]		}}</ref>]]

	'''Langerhans cells''' are dendritic cells (antigen-presenting immune cells) of the skin and [[mucosa]], and contain large granules called Birbeck granules. They are present in all layers of the epidermis, but are most prominent in the stratum spinosum.<ref name="Wheaters">{{REFbook		'''Langerhans cells''' are dendritic cells (antigen-presenting immune cells) of the [[skin]] and [[mucosa]], and contain large granules called Birbeck granules. They are present in all layers of the epidermis, but are most prominent in the stratum spinosum.<ref name="Wheaters">{{REFbook
	\|last=Young		\|last=Young
	\|first=Barbara		\|first=Barbara
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	\|init=P		\|init=P
	\|title=Über die Nerven der menschlichen Haut		\|title=Über die Nerven der menschlichen Haut
	\|trans-title=On the nerves of the human skin		\|trans-title=On the nerves of the human [[skin]]
	\|language=German		\|language=German
	\|journal=Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin		\|journal=Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin
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	==Function==		==Function==
	In skin infections, the local Langerhans cells take up and process microbial antigens to become fully functional antigen-presenting cells.		In [[skin]] infections, the local Langerhans cells take up and process microbial antigens to become fully functional antigen-presenting cells.

	Generally, dendritic cells in biological tissue are active in the capture, uptake and processing of antigens. Once dendritic cells arrive in secondary lymphoid tissue, however, they lose these properties while gaining the capacity to interact with naive T-cells.		Generally, dendritic cells in biological tissue are active in the capture, uptake and processing of antigens. Once dendritic cells arrive in secondary lymphoid tissue, however, they lose these properties while gaining the capacity to interact with naive T-cells.
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	=== LCH ===		=== LCH ===
	In the rare disease Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), an excess of these cells is produced. This can cause damage to skin, bone and other organs.		In the rare disease Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), an excess of these cells is produced. This can cause damage to [[skin]], bone and other organs.

	=== HIV ===		=== HIV ===

WikiAdmin: wikify mucosa

2021-12-27T09:37:49Z

wikify mucosa

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:37, 27 December 2021
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	\|accessdate=		\|accessdate=
	\|note=		\|note=
	}}</ref> They also occur in the papillary dermis, particularly around blood vessels,<ref name=Wheaters /> as well as in the oral mucosa, [[foreskin]], and [[vagina]].<ref name=pmid7558138 /> They can be found in other tissues, such as lymph nodes, particularly in association with the condition Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).		}}</ref> They also occur in the papillary dermis, particularly around blood vessels,<ref name=Wheaters /> as well as in the oral [[mucosa]], [[foreskin]], and [[vagina]].<ref name=pmid7558138 /> They can be found in other tissues, such as lymph nodes, particularly in association with the condition Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).

	== History ==		== History ==
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	Hussain & Lehner (2005) observed Langerhans cells have been observed in foreskin, vaginal, and oral mucosa of humans; the lower concentrations in oral mucosa suggest that it is not a likely source of [[HIV]] infection relative to foreskin and vaginal mucosa.<ref name="pmid7558138">{{REFjournal		Hussain & Lehner (2005) observed Langerhans cells have been observed in foreskin, vaginal, and oral [[mucosa]] of humans; the lower concentrations in oral [[mucosa]] suggest that it is not a likely source of [[HIV]] infection relative to foreskin and vaginal [[mucosa]].<ref name="pmid7558138">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Hussain		\|last=Hussain
	\|init=LA		\|init=LA

WikiAdmin: REFbook uses key

2021-11-26T11:06:48Z

REFbook uses <init> key

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 26 November 2021
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	\|last=Young		\|last=Young
	\|first=Barbara		\|first=Barbara
			\|init=B
	\|last2=Heath		\|last2=Heath
	\|first2=John W.		\|first2=John W.
			\|init2=JW
	\|year=2000		\|year=2000
	\|title=Wheater's Functional Histology		\|title=Wheater's Functional Histology

WikiAdmin: wikify HIV

2021-11-24T14:49:58Z

wikify HIV

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:49, 24 November 2021
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	====Former hypothesis====		====Former hypothesis====

	Kawamura et al. (2005) suggested Langerhans cells may be initial cellular targets in the sexual transmission of HIV,<ref>{{REFjournal		Kawamura et al. (2005) suggested Langerhans cells may be initial cellular targets in the sexual transmission of [[HIV]],<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Kawamura		\|last=Kawamura
	\|first=Tatsuyoshi		\|first=Tatsuyoshi
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	{{SEEALSO}}		{{SEEALSO}}

	* [[Foreskin]]		* [[Foreskin]]
	* [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin]]		* [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin]]

WikiAdmin: normalize et al. (AMA)

2021-06-07T13:50:16Z

normalize et al. (AMA)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:50, 7 June 2021
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	====Former hypothesis====		====Former hypothesis====

	Kawamura ''et al''. (2005) suggested Langerhans cells may be initial cellular targets in the sexual transmission of HIV,<ref>{{REFjournal		Kawamura et al. (2005) suggested Langerhans cells may be initial cellular targets in the sexual transmission of HIV,<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Kawamura		\|last=Kawamura
	\|first=Tatsuyoshi		\|first=Tatsuyoshi

WikiAdmin: adjusted REFjournal

2020-12-29T21:54:50Z

adjusted REFjournal

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