Surgical foreskin restoration - Revision history

WikiModEn2: /* The jump to non-surgical methods */

2026-01-26T17:12:31Z

The jump to non-surgical methods

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:12, 26 January 2026
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	Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.		Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.

	~~Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the recent social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb~~
	~~\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2 my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/~~
	~~\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1~~
	~~\|last=Anonymous~~
	~~\|publisher=REDDIT~~
	~~\|date=2022~~
	~~\|accessdate=2025-11-13~~
	~~}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb~~
	~~\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1oqmf7a/i_got_a_surgical_foreskin_reconstruction_and_it/~~
	~~\|title=I got a surgical foreskin reconstruction and it was amazing~~
	~~\|last=Anonymous~~
	~~\|publisher=REDDIT~~
	~~\|date=2025-11-07~~
	~~\|accessdate=2025-11-13~~
	~~}}</ref>~~

	==A new surgical technique from India==		==A new surgical technique from India==

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   |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/restoration/bigelow
   |accessdate=2010-01-02
 }}</ref>

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:06, 13 November 2025
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	Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the recent social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb		Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the recent social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2/my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/		\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2 my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/
	\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1		\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1
	\|last=Anonymous		\|last=Anonymous
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	\|accessdate=2025-11-13		\|accessdate=2025-11-13
	}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb		}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1oqmf7a i_got_a_surgical_foreskin_reconstruction_and_it/		\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1oqmf7a/i_got_a_surgical_foreskin_reconstruction_and_it/
	\|title=I got a surgical foreskin reconstruction and it was amazing		\|title=I got a surgical foreskin reconstruction and it was amazing
	\|last=Anonymous		\|last=Anonymous

WikiModEn2 at 17:01, 13 November 2025

2025-11-13T17:01:40Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 13 November 2025
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	Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.		Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.

	Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb		Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the recent social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2/my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/		\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2/my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/
	\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1		\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1
	\|last=Anonymous		\|last=Anonymous
	~~\|first=~~
	~~\|init=~~
	~~\|author-link=~~
	\|publisher=REDDIT		\|publisher=REDDIT
	\|date=2022		\|date=2022
			\|accessdate=2025-11-13
			}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb
			\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1oqmf7a i_got_a_surgical_foreskin_reconstruction_and_it/
			\|title=I got a surgical foreskin reconstruction and it was amazing
			\|last=Anonymous
			\|publisher=REDDIT
			\|date=2025-11-07
	\|accessdate=2025-11-13		\|accessdate=2025-11-13
	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

WikiModEn2: /* The jump to non-surgical methods */ Revise text and add citation.

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The jump to non-surgical methods: Revise text and add citation.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:49, 13 November 2025
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	Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.		Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.

	~~Surgical~~ foreskin restoration is ~~only rarely~~, ~~if ever~~, ~~practiced today~~.		Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb
			\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2/my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/
			\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1
			\|last=Anonymous
			\|first=
			\|init=
			\|author-link=
			\|publisher=REDDIT
			\|date=2022
			\|accessdate=2025-11-13
			}}</ref>

	==A new surgical technique from India==		==A new surgical technique from India==

WikiAdmin: added interwiki link

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added interwiki link

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	== Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach ==		== Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach ==

	The founder of modern plastic surgery, Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach (1795-1847, Berlin), dedicated a whole chapter in both of his surgical textbooks, from 1829 and 1845, on the problem of how to restore the [[Foreskin\| prepuce]]. He entitled this operation "posthioplastice".<ref name="schultheiss1998" /> After recapitulating Celsus methods, he offered technical improvements to prevent postoperative failure.		The founder of modern plastic surgery, Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach (1795-1847, Berlin), dedicated a whole chapter in both of his surgical textbooks, from 1829 and 1845, on the problem of how to restore the [[Foreskin\| prepuce]]. He entitled this operation "posthioplastice".<ref name="schultheiss1998"/> After recapitulating Celsus methods, he offered technical improvements to prevent postoperative failure.

	== The Nazi era ==		== The Nazi era ==

	The persecution of Jews under the Nazi regime made the state of being [[circumcised]] a life-threatening fact, making no difference whether the person had lost his [[foreskin]] for religious reasons or because of a congenital or acquired [[phimosis]]. So every circumcised man at that time was in danger of being denounced and, therefore, had to hide his genital state or have it [[uncircumcised]]. There exist several personal reports of patients undergoing and doctors performing uncircumcision during this time. One example is the work of Tenenbaum who knew several of these doctors and also examined some of the patients treated.<ref name="schultheiss1998" />		The persecution of Jews under the Nazi regime made the state of being [[circumcised]] a life-threatening fact, making no difference whether the person had lost his [[foreskin]] for religious reasons or because of a congenital or acquired [[phimosis]]. So every circumcised man at that time was in danger of being denounced and, therefore, had to hide his genital state or have it [[uncircumcised]]. There exist several personal reports of patients undergoing and doctors performing uncircumcision during this time. One example is the work of Tenenbaum who knew several of these doctors and also examined some of the patients treated.<ref name="schultheiss1998"/>

	According to the literature, there were Polish doctors who devised hasty, crude surgical techniques to help Jews in occupied areas of Europe avoid detection. Some of these procedures were surprisingly reminiscent of those described by Celsus nearly 2000 years earlier. There is no evidence that any of these methods was continued after the collapse of the Nazi regime.<ref name="schultheiss1998" />		According to the literature, there were Polish doctors who devised hasty, crude surgical techniques to help Jews in occupied areas of Europe avoid detection. Some of these procedures were surprisingly reminiscent of those described by Celsus nearly 2000 years earlier. There is no evidence that any of these methods was continued after the collapse of the Nazi regime.<ref name="schultheiss1998"/>

	Feriz performed several operations on [[circumcised]] patients in occupied Holland. After a circumferential incision at the base of the [[penis]] the [[penile skin]] was pulled over the [[glans]], forming the new [[prepuce]]. The proximal [[skin]] defect was then covered by burying the [[penis]] under a tunnel of ventral [[scrotal skin]]. In a second stage operation about 10 days later he mobilized the [[penis]] and closed the new [[skin]] layer at the underside of the [[penis]]. The scrotal defect was easily closed in all cases. In his publication from 1962, Feriz reported no complications, and all of his patients were satisfied with the postoperative result; none of them requested a reversal of the surgery after the war.<ref name="schultheiss1998" />		Feriz performed several operations on [[circumcised]] patients in occupied Holland. After a circumferential incision at the base of the [[penis]] the [[penile skin]] was pulled over the [[glans]], forming the new [[prepuce]]. The proximal [[skin]] defect was then covered by burying the [[penis]] under a tunnel of ventral [[scrotal skin]]. In a second stage operation about 10 days later he mobilized the [[penis]] and closed the new [[skin]] layer at the underside of the [[penis]]. The scrotal defect was easily closed in all cases. In his publication from 1962, Feriz reported no complications, and all of his patients were satisfied with the postoperative result; none of them requested a reversal of the surgery after the war.<ref name="schultheiss1998"/>

	In 1965, Tushnet reported three different procedures to restore the [[prepuce]] depending on the age of the patient, the remaining preputial [[skin]], and the skill of the surgeon.<ref name="tushmet1965">{{REFjournal		In 1965, Tushnet reported three different procedures to restore the [[prepuce]] depending on the age of the patient, the remaining preputial [[skin]], and the skill of the surgeon.<ref name="tushmet1965">{{REFjournal
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	\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x		\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x
	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02
	}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />		}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963"/>

	An American medical doctor published on his involuntary circumcision and its after effects.<ref>{{REFweb		An American medical doctor published on his involuntary circumcision and its after effects.<ref>{{REFweb
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration . He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017" />		In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration . He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017"/>
	Goodwin covered the same defect in 1990 by implantation of the [[penis]] into the scrotum first and then liberating it in a second stage.<ref>{{REFjournal		Goodwin covered the same defect in 1990 by implantation of the [[penis]] into the scrotum first and then liberating it in a second stage.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Goodwin		\|last=Goodwin
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	\|DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39693-3		\|DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39693-3
	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02

	}}</ref> This procedure is almost identical to the method of Feriz mentioned earlier and had been slightly modified before by Greer in 1982.<ref name="greer1983">{{REFjournal		}}</ref> This procedure is almost identical to the method of Feriz mentioned earlier and had been slightly modified before by Greer in 1982.<ref name="greer1983">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Greer		\|last=Greer
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	\|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/restoration/bigelow		\|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/restoration/bigelow
	\|accessdate=2010-01-02		\|accessdate=2010-01-02
	}}		}}</ref>
	</ref>

	==The jump to non-surgical methods ==		==The jump to non-surgical methods ==

	While reviewing the results of the implanted-ring procedure, an engineer living in the Pacific Northwest hit upon the idea of using tape to hold the [[skin]] in place over the [[glans]]. His intent was to avoid both the surgery needed to have the platinum ring implanted and the unsightly fibrous band it left. This simple idea was circulated among a small network of men who had been sharing whatever information they could find on [[foreskin restoration]] as well as their ideas and experimentation. As a result, in 1982, [[BUFF]] (Brothers United for Future Foreskins) was born.<ref name="bigelow1994" />		While reviewing the results of the implanted-ring procedure, an engineer living in the Pacific Northwest hit upon the idea of using tape to hold the [[skin]] in place over the [[glans]]. His intent was to avoid both the surgery needed to have the platinum ring implanted and the unsightly fibrous band it left. This simple idea was circulated among a small network of men who had been sharing whatever information they could find on [[foreskin restoration]] as well as their ideas and experimentation. As a result, in 1982, [[BUFF]] (Brothers United for Future Foreskins) was born.<ref name="bigelow1994"/>

	Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.		Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.

	Surgical foreskin restoration is only rarely, if ever, practiced today.		Surgical foreskin restoration is only rarely, if ever, practiced today.

	==A new surgical technique from India==		==A new surgical technique from India==
	Gupta, Mehta, & Gupta (2021), working in [[India]], have described a new surgical technique to provide coverage of the [[glans penis]] at all times, including tumescence, for men who were involuntarily [[circumcised]] in childhood or who had a congenitally short prepuce ([[foreskin]]). The procedure has been performed on 46 patients with apparent complete success, although penetrating sexual performance has not been evaluated.<ref name="gupta2021">{{REFjournal		Gupta, Mehta, & Gupta (2021), working in [[India]], have described a new surgical technique to provide coverage of the [[glans penis]] at all times, including tumescence, for men who were involuntarily [[circumcised]] in childhood or who had a congenitally short prepuce ([[foreskin]]). The procedure has been performed on 46 patients with apparent complete success, although penetrating sexual performance has not been evaluated.<ref name="gupta2021">{{REFjournal
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	* [[Sexual effects of circumcision]]		* [[Sexual effects of circumcision]]
	* [[United States of America]]		* [[United States of America]]

	{{LINKS}}		{{LINKS}}
	* {{REFweb		* {{REFweb
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	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02
	}}		}}

	{{REF}}		{{REF}}

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	[[Category:From IntactWiki]]		[[Category:From IntactWiki]]

			[[de:Chirurgische Vorhautrestaurierung]]

WikiModEn2: /* Modern surgical foreskin restoration */ Revise text and citation.

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	}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />		}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />

	An American medical doctor ~~had a surgical reconstruction of his [[foreskin]] performed in the 1970s. He recently released a NSFW report~~ on his ~~surgical foreskin restoration~~.<ref>{{REFweb		An American medical doctor published on his involuntary circumcision and its after effects.<ref>{{REFweb
	\|url=https://~~drive~~.google.com/~~file~~/d/~~1Hmguuseuh0qyQjzc3WkbHvr9Qf3o99TN~~/~~view~~		\|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1WS4pmFCoHkq3UloORfSWi4VgnM11m_5-/edit
	\|title=~~Was It Worth All My Extra Effort?~~		\|title=Unwarranted Presumption
	\|last=Anonymous		\|last=Anonymous
	\|first=		\|first=
	\|init=		\|init=
	\|publisher=Google		\|publisher=Google
	\|date=		\|date=2022-12-10
	\|accessdate=~~2022~~-12-12		\|accessdate=2025-02-20
	}}</ref> ~~His report does not represent current practice.~~		}}</ref>

	In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration . He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017" />		In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration . He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017" />

WikiModEn2: /* Modern surgical foreskin restoration */ Add year.

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	}}</ref> A pedicled island scrotal flap was used for the same purpose by Lynch and Pryor in a one-stage procedure in 1993.		}}</ref> A pedicled island scrotal flap was used for the same purpose by Lynch and Pryor in a one-stage procedure in 1993.

	Toronto plastic surgeon Dr Robert H Stubbs performed a surgical restoration in a two-stage procedure in [[Canada]].<ref>{{REFnews		Toronto plastic surgeon Dr Robert H. Stubbs (2006) performed a surgical restoration in a two-stage procedure in [[Canada]].<ref>{{REFnews
	\|title=BC man's foreskin op a success		\|title=BC man's foreskin op a success
	\|url=https://www.nationalreviewofmedicine.com/issue/2006/06_30/3_patients_practice01_12.html		\|url=https://www.nationalreviewofmedicine.com/issue/2006/06_30/3_patients_practice01_12.html

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← Older revision		Revision as of 14:24, 29 December 2024
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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	The first report of ~~uncircumcision~~ for psychological reasons was reported by Penn in 1963.<ref name="penn1963">{{REFjournal		The first report of surgical foreskin for psychological reasons was reported by Penn in 1963.<ref name="penn1963">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Penn		\|last=Penn
	\|first=Jack		\|first=Jack
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	\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x		\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x
	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02
	}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. ~~In 1963~~ Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />		}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />

	An American medical doctor had a surgical reconstruction of his [[foreskin]] performed in the 1970s. He recently released a NSFW report on his surgical foreskin restoration.<ref>{{REFweb		An American medical doctor had a surgical reconstruction of his [[foreskin]] performed in the 1970s. He recently released a NSFW report on his surgical foreskin restoration.<ref>{{REFweb

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	}}</ref>		}}</ref>

	== Modern foreskin restoration ==		== Modern surgical foreskin restoration ==

	Since the 1970s a new movement of [[foreskin restoration]] has emerged mainly in the [[United States]] not originating from social, religious, or political demands. With non-therapeutic male infant [[circumcision]] being well established in America, more and more adult [[circumcised]] males are disturbed by the fact that the shape and function of their body had been altered after birth. Their main complaint is the loss of function; the prepuce is not just seen as a part of the human [[skin]] but referred to as a [[Foreskin#Sensory_functions\| sensory organ]] of the body.<ref name="sorrells2007">{{Sorrells etal 2007}}</ref> [[Circumcision]] results in ~~a lack~~ of this organ and furthermore in a decrease of lubrication and sensibility of the [[glans]] because of increasing [[keratinization]] of the epithelium. Others are disturbed by the outer appearance of their [[circumcised]] [[penis]] and want to regain the natural status of a covered [[glans]] for physical and emotional wholeness and aesthetic body imaging. Some are additionally irritated by the feeling of being mutilated as an infant without the chance to have a free choice of their genital status. A high percentage of these patients even resent their parents, doctors, or culture for their [[circumcision]].<ref name="schultheiss1998"/><ref name="watson2017">{{REFjournal		Since the 1970s a new movement of [[foreskin restoration]] has emerged mainly in the [[United States]] not originating from social, religious, or political demands. With harmful non-therapeutic male infant [[circumcision]] being well established in America, more and more adult [[circumcised]] males are disturbed by the fact that the shape and function of their body had been altered after birth. Their main complaint is the loss of function; the prepuce is not just seen as a part of the human [[skin]] but referred to as a [[Foreskin#Sensory_functions\| sensory organ]] of the body.<ref name="sorrells2007">{{Sorrells etal 2007}}</ref> [[Circumcision]] results in the amputation of this organ and furthermore in a decrease of lubrication and sensibility of the [[glans]] because of increasing [[keratinization]] of the epithelium. Others are disturbed by the outer appearance of their [[circumcised]] [[penis]] and want to regain the natural status of a covered [[glans]] for physical and emotional wholeness and aesthetic body imaging. Some are additionally irritated by the feeling of being mutilated as an infant without the chance to have a free choice of their genital status. A high percentage of these patients even resent their parents, doctors, or culture for their [[circumcision]].<ref name="schultheiss1998"/><ref name="watson2017">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Watson		\|last=Watson
	\|first=Lindsay R.		\|first=Lindsay R.
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	\|url=http://newmalestudies.com/OJS/index.php/nms/article/view/261/317		\|url=http://newmalestudies.com/OJS/index.php/nms/article/view/261/317
	\|quote=		\|quote=
	~~\|pubmedID=~~
	~~\|pubmedCID=~~
	~~\|DOI=~~
	\|accessdate=2019-12-14		\|accessdate=2019-12-14
	}}</ref>		}}</ref>
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	\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x		\|DOI=10.1016/s0007-1226(63)80123-x
	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02
	}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all.		}}</ref> His article and the ones of the following years failed to give detailed information on the patient's motivation, and the authors were to a certain extent criticized for performing such a procedure at all. In 1963 Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />

	In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration. He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017" />

	In 1963 Penn from Johannesburg, after performing a proximal circular incision and pulling forward the [[penile skin]] to form a new [[prepuce]], covered the denuded shaft with a "free graft", not indicating from where he took this graft.<ref name="penn1963" />

	An American medical doctor had a surgical reconstruction of his [[foreskin]] performed in the 1970s. He recently released a NSFW report on his surgical foreskin restoration.<ref>{{REFweb		An American medical doctor had a surgical reconstruction of his [[foreskin]] performed in the 1970s. He recently released a NSFW report on his surgical foreskin restoration.<ref>{{REFweb
Line 150:		Line 143:
	}}</ref> His report does not represent current practice.		}}</ref> His report does not represent current practice.

			In 1981, [[Paul C. Mohl]] presented the first detailed analysis of psychiatric aspects in a group of eight patients seeking prepuce restoration . He described several psychological disorders in these patients as narcissistic and exhibitionistic body image, depressions, major defects in early mothering, and ego pathology. Nowadays the understanding of the psychological motivations for uncircumcision is increasing, and the problem is dealt with more seriously.<ref name="watson2017" />
	Goodwin covered the same defect in 1990 by implantation of the [[penis]] into the scrotum first and then liberating it in a second stage.<ref>{{REFjournal		Goodwin covered the same defect in 1990 by implantation of the [[penis]] into the scrotum first and then liberating it in a second stage.<ref>{{REFjournal
	\|last=Goodwin		\|last=Goodwin
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	\|DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39693-3		\|DOI=10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39693-3
	\|accessdate=2020-01-02		\|accessdate=2020-01-02

	}}</ref> This procedure is almost identical to the method of Feriz mentioned earlier and had been slightly modified before by Greer in 1982.<ref name="greer1983">{{REFjournal		}}</ref> This procedure is almost identical to the method of Feriz mentioned earlier and had been slightly modified before by Greer in 1982.<ref name="greer1983">{{REFjournal
	\|last=Greer		\|last=Greer

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:12, 26 January 2026
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	Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.		Despite the possible complications of surgery and the inevitable presence of scars, the main disadvantage seems to be the different color and texture of the original [[penile skin]] and the graft. This outcome may not be what the patient had expected; therefore, most foreskin restoration seekers nowadays prefer [[Tissue expansion\|skin expansion]] systems, which avoid these problems.

	~~Although surgical foreskin restoration is practiced today, there are a few reports by individual patients in the recent social, not medical, literature.<ref>{{REFweb~~
	~~\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/zxnfp2 my_experience_with_surgical_reconstruction_part_1/~~
	~~\|title=My Experience With Surgical Reconstruction - Part 1~~
	~~\|last=Anonymous~~
	~~\|publisher=REDDIT~~
	~~\|date=2022~~
	~~\|accessdate=2025-11-13~~
	~~}}</ref> <ref>{{REFweb~~
	~~\|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1oqmf7a/i_got_a_surgical_foreskin_reconstruction_and_it/~~
	~~\|title=I got a surgical foreskin reconstruction and it was amazing~~
	~~\|last=Anonymous~~
	~~\|publisher=REDDIT~~
	~~\|date=2025-11-07~~
	~~\|accessdate=2025-11-13~~
	~~}}</ref>~~

	==A new surgical technique from India==		==A new surgical technique from India==