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[[Marilyn Milos]], {{RN}}, former executive director and founder of NOCIRC, discusses normal sexual function of the [[penis ]] and [[foreskin ]] and its loss due to [[circumcision]].
== Why do/did you have foreskin? ==
== A well-integrated organ ==
Structurally, the [[penis ]] is highly integrated. The [[glans]], [[foreskin]] and [[skin]] of the penile shaft function as a single unit, not as a collection of separate parts with entirely different functions. The functions of the [[glans]] and [[foreskin]] are similar, and overlapping, but come fully into their own at different times during intercourse.
== Simple sensations ==
The outer surface of the [[foreskin ]] is specialized to detect feather-light touch and other sensations, including painful ones. The infamous zipper injury is an extreme example of the sort of damage the outer [[skin]] was designed to detect and prevent, long before the zipper posed a threat to the uninitiated.
Compared with the true (outer) [[skin]] of the [[foreskin]], the [[glans ]] is only feebly sensitive to light touch, pain, heat and cold. This is part of the reason we call the foreskin the primary sensory tissue of the [[penis]]. Without the [[foreskin]], the end of the [[penis ]] is numb to a host of sensations that tell the owner whether one of his most prized organs is in good company, or should move to safety.
== Complex sensations ==
Thanks to its [[Ridged band|ridged band]], the inner lining of the foreskin is specialized sexual tissue. The ridged band readily expands and contracts and is obviously designed to detect [[stretching]] forces. When penile [[shaft skin]] tugs on the ridged band, special genital corpuscles in the peaks of the ridges detect movement and trigger ejaculation. [[Stretching]] of the ridged band may also trigger and sustain [[erection]].
Electrical stimulation of the [[glans ]] triggers nerve impulses that pass to the spinal cord and then to the muscle of ejaculation. Clearly the glans has much in common with the foreskin. Where [[foreskin ]] and glans part company, functionally as well as physically, is in their sensitivity to light touch, pain and heat and cold. Contrary to common opinion, the [[glans ]] is not highly sensitive to a broad range of stimuli.
==Foreskin vs. glans ==
== Dartos muscle ==
[[Penile skin]] has two important characteristics, apparent only on [[erection]]. Firstly [[penile skin]] tenses, stiffens and shortens, firming up the connection between [[shaft skin]] and ridged band. This change allows for the transmission of movement from the base of the erect [[penis ]] to the [[ridged band]].
Secondly, [[penile skin]] undergoes a marked frictional change, brought about by stiff, forward-pointing [[skin]] folds. The mechanism is similar to that which raises goosebumps.
The changes in [[penile skin]] are brought about by contraction of the [[Dartos]] muscle. Between them, stiffening and frictionality ensure that the [[ridged band ]] is instantly alerted to changes in position of the [[penis ]] within the [[vagina]].
== Why two layers? ==
== Summary ==
The various parts of the [[penis]], including the foreskin, form a functional whole. The [[foreskin ]] is the primary sensory tissue of the [[penis]]. The [[ridged band]] of the [[foreskin]] is built to trigger orgasm and [[ejaculation]].
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Foreskin sensitivity]]
* [[Sexual effects of circumcision]]
{{ABBR}}
{{REF}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Penis Sex Education}}
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