Difference between revisions of "Amputation"
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| − | '''Amputation''' is the removal of a limb or body part by [[Physical trauma|trauma]], medical illness, or surgery | + | '''Amputation''' is the removal of a limb or body part by [[Physical trauma|trauma]], medical illness, or surgery.<ref>{{REFweb |
| − | |url=https:// | + | |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/amputation |
|title=Amputation | |title=Amputation | ||
| − | | | + | |last=Anonymous |
| − | |accessdate=2021-11-12 | + | |first= |
| − | }}</ref> | + | |init= |
| + | |publisher=The Free Dictionary by Farlex | ||
| + | |date= | ||
| + | |accessdate=2023-09-27 | ||
| + | }}</ref> As a surgical measure, it is used to control [[pain]] or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands.<ref name="WP">{{URLwikipedia|Amputation|Amputation|2021-11-12}}</ref> | ||
In some countries, such as Afghanistan and Iran,<ref name="iran">{{REFnews | In some countries, such as Afghanistan and Iran,<ref name="iran">{{REFnews | ||
|last=Fathi | |last=Fathi | ||
|first=Nazila | |first=Nazila | ||
| + | |init=N | ||
|date=2008-01-11 | |date=2008-01-11 | ||
|title=Spate of Executions and Amputations in Iran | |title=Spate of Executions and Amputations in Iran | ||
| Line 17: | Line 22: | ||
|last=Chuback | |last=Chuback | ||
|first=Jennifer E. | |first=Jennifer E. | ||
| + | |init=JE | ||
|date=2005-03 | |date=2005-03 | ||
|editor-last=Whitelaw | |editor-last=Whitelaw | ||
| Line 23: | Line 29: | ||
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/16854023 | |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/16854023 | ||
|conference=14th Annual History of Medicine Days | |conference=14th Annual History of Medicine Days | ||
| − | |publisher=University of Calgary | + | |publisher={{UNI|University of Calgary|UCalgary}} |
|place=Calgary, Alberta, Canada | |place=Calgary, Alberta, Canada | ||
|pages=10–15 | |pages=10–15 | ||
| Line 30: | Line 36: | ||
|last=Kocharkarn | |last=Kocharkarn | ||
|first=Wachira | |first=Wachira | ||
| + | |init=W | ||
|date=2000-08 | |date=2000-08 | ||
|title=Traumatic amputation of the penis | |title=Traumatic amputation of the penis | ||
| Line 38: | Line 45: | ||
|via=Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology | |via=Official Journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology | ||
}}</ref><ref>{{REFbook | }}</ref><ref>{{REFbook | ||
| + | |last=Peters | ||
| + | |first=Rudolph | ||
| + | |init=R | ||
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Im95I7FjrvwC&q=amputation+punishment&pg=PR7 | |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Im95I7FjrvwC&q=amputation+punishment&pg=PR7 | ||
|title=Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century | |title=Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|year=2005 | |year=2005 | ||
| − | |publisher=Cambridge University Press | + | |publisher={{UNI|Cambridge University|UCam}} Press |
|isbn=9780521792264 | |isbn=9780521792264 | ||
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/> | }}</ref><ref name="WP"/> | ||
| Line 100: | Line 108: | ||
|accessdate=2021-06-28 | |accessdate=2021-06-28 | ||
}}</ref><ref name="WP"/> | }}</ref><ref name="WP"/> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Types related to [[HGM]] == | ||
| + | The Wikipedia article ''Amputation''<ref name="WP"/> lists various types of amputation, for legs, arms, and other body parts. In relation to genital mutilation, the following amputation types are of relevance: | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Genitals === | ||
| + | * Amputation of the testicles (castration). | ||
| + | * Amputation of the [[penis]] ([[penectomy]]). | ||
| + | * Amputation of the [[foreskin]] ([[circumcision]]). | ||
| + | * Amputation of the [[clitoris]] ([[clitoridectomy]]). | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Neurological disorders related to amputation == | ||
| + | === Acrotomophilia === | ||
| + | '''Acrotomophilia''' refers to a paraphilia in which an individual expresses strong sexual interest in amputees.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
| + | |last=Solvang | ||
| + | |init=P | ||
| + | |date=2007 | ||
| + | |title=The amputee body desired: Beauty destabilized? Disability re-valued? | ||
| + | |journal=Sex and Disability | ||
| + | |volume=25 | ||
| + | |pages=51–64 | ||
| + | }}</ref> | ||
=== Apotemnophilia === | === Apotemnophilia === | ||
| − | |||
'''Apotemnophilia''' is a neurological disorder in which otherwise sane and rational individuals express a strong and specific desire for the [[amputation]] of a healthy limb or limbs.<ref>{{REFjournal | '''Apotemnophilia''' is a neurological disorder in which otherwise sane and rational individuals express a strong and specific desire for the [[amputation]] of a healthy limb or limbs.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Everaerd | |last=Everaerd | ||
| Line 121: | Line 149: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| − | One of the piers of [[circumfetishist]] [[Jake Waskett]] said: “Some of us who do get erotic and sexual gratification out of not only the finished product, but also the procedure itself.” The “finished product” is the sexual interest in becoming an amputee and the “procedure itself” is akin to the [[Jake_H._Waskett/Editorial#Cognitive_dissonance_.28free_thought_paradigm.29|IKEA effect that was previously discussed]]. | + | One of the piers of [[circumfetishist]] [[Jake H. Waskett]] said: “Some of us who do get erotic and sexual gratification out of not only the finished product, but also the procedure itself.” The “finished product” is the sexual interest in becoming an amputee and the “procedure itself” is akin to the [[Jake_H._Waskett/Editorial#Cognitive_dissonance_.28free_thought_paradigm.29|IKEA effect that was previously discussed]]. |
| + | |||
| + | === Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) === | ||
| + | Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), formerly known as Amputee Identity Disorder, is a neurological and psychological disorder that makes sufferers feel they would be happier living as an amputee. It is typically accompanied by the desire to amputate one or more healthy limbs to achieve that end.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
| + | |last=Large | ||
| + | |init=MM | ||
| + | |date=2007-10 | ||
| + | |title=Body identity disorder | ||
| + | |journal=Psychol Med | ||
| + | |volume=37 | ||
| + | |issue=10 | ||
| + | |page=1513; author reply 1513–4 | ||
| + | }}</ref> | ||
| − | + | {{SEEALSO}} | |
| + | * [[Adult circumcision]] | ||
| + | * [[Circumcision]] | ||
| + | * [[Complete penile amputation]] | ||
| + | * [[The Boy Who Was Turned Into a Girl]] | ||
| + | * [[Ulwaluko]] | ||
| − | + | {{LINKS}} | |
| − | | | + | * {{REFweb |
| − | | | + | |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amputation |
| − | | | + | |title=Amputation |
| − | | | + | |last= |
| − | | | + | |first= |
| − | | | + | |init= |
| − | | | + | |publisher=Wikipedia |
| − | }} | + | |date= |
| + | |accessdate=2023-12-26 | ||
| + | }} | ||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
| − | [[Category: | + | |
| + | [[Category:Education]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Medical term]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[de:Amputation]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:07, 26 December 2023
Amputation is the removal of a limb or body part by trauma, medical illness, or surgery.[1] As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventive surgery for such problems. A special case is that of congenital amputation, a congenital disorder, where fetal limbs have been cut off by constrictive bands.[2]
In some countries, such as Afghanistan and Iran,[3] amputation was proposed, was formerly used, or is currently used to punish people who committed crimes.[4][5][6][2]
Amputation has also been used as a tactic in war and acts of terrorism; it may also occur as a war injury. In some cultures and religions, minor amputations or mutilations are considered a ritual accomplishment.[7][8][9] When done by a person, the person executing the amputation is an "amputator".[10][11][2]
Contents
The Wikipedia article Amputation[2] lists various types of amputation, for legs, arms, and other body parts. In relation to genital mutilation, the following amputation types are of relevance:
Genitals
- Amputation of the testicles (castration).
- Amputation of the penis (penectomy).
- Amputation of the foreskin (circumcision).
- Amputation of the clitoris (clitoridectomy).
Acrotomophilia
Acrotomophilia refers to a paraphilia in which an individual expresses strong sexual interest in amputees.[12]
Apotemnophilia
Apotemnophilia is a neurological disorder in which otherwise sane and rational individuals express a strong and specific desire for the amputation of a healthy limb or limbs.[13] There is often a sexual interest in becoming an amputee.[14]
One of the piers of circumfetishist Jake H. Waskett said: “Some of us who do get erotic and sexual gratification out of not only the finished product, but also the procedure itself.” The “finished product” is the sexual interest in becoming an amputee and the “procedure itself” is akin to the IKEA effect that was previously discussed.
Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID)
Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID), formerly known as Amputee Identity Disorder, is a neurological and psychological disorder that makes sufferers feel they would be happier living as an amputee. It is typically accompanied by the desire to amputate one or more healthy limbs to achieve that end.[15]
See also
- Adult circumcision
- Circumcision
- Complete penile amputation
- The Boy Who Was Turned Into a Girl
- Ulwaluko
External links
Amputation
, Wikipedia. Retrieved 26 December 2023.
References
- ↑ Anonymous.
Amputation
, The Free Dictionary by Farlex. Retrieved 27 September 2023. - ↑ a b c d Wikipedia article: Amputation. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑
Fathi, Nazila (11 January 2008)."Spate of Executions and Amputations in Iran", The New York Times. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ↑
Chuback, Jennifer E.: The history of rhinoplasty, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. University of Calgary. (March 2005)
- ↑
Kocharkarn W. Traumatic amputation of the penis. Brazilian Journal of Urology. August 2000; 26: 385–389.
- ↑
Peters R (2005): Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law: Theory and Practice from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521792264.
- ↑ Bosmia AN, Griessenauer CJ, Tubbs RS. Yubitsume: ritualistic self-amputation of proximal digits among the Yakuza. Journal of Injury and Violence Research. July 2014; 6(2): 54–6. PMID. DOI.
- ↑ Kepe T. 'Secrets' that kill: crisis, custodianship and responsibility in ritual male circumcision in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Social Science & Medicine. March 2010; 70(5): 729–35. PMID. DOI.
- ↑ Grisaru N, Lezer S, Belmaker RH. Ritual female genital surgery among Ethiopian Jews. Archives of Sexual Behavior. April 1997; 26(2): 211–5. PMID. DOI.
- ↑
Amputator
, Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 28 June 2021. - ↑
Amputee
, Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 28 June 2021. - ↑ Solvang P. The amputee body desired: Beauty destabilized? Disability re-valued?. Sex and Disability. 2007; 25: 51–64.
- ↑ Everaerd W. A Case of Apotemnophilia: A Handicap as Sexual Preference. American Journal of Psychotherapy. 1983; 37: 285–293.
- ↑ Brang G. Apotemnophilia: A Neurological Disorder. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychology. 2008; 19: 1305-6.
- ↑ Large MM. Body identity disorder. Psychol Med. October 2007; 37(10): 1513; author reply 1513–4.
