Difference between revisions of "Ring block"
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'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is the name of a nerve blocking local anesthesia procedure that is used to reduce the [[pain]] of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]]. | '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is the name of a nerve blocking local anesthesia procedure that is used to reduce the [[pain]] of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]]. | ||
| − | Ring block was proposed by Broadman et al. (1987) to reduce the [[pain]] if a boy is to be [[circumcised]]. Broadman et al. also proposed the use of low-dose intravenous fentanyl for post-operative pain relief.<ref name="broadman1987">{{REFjournal | + | Ring block was proposed by Broadman et al. (1987) to reduce, not eliminate, the [[pain]] if a boy is to be [[circumcised]]. Broadman et al. also proposed the use of low-dose intravenous fentanyl for post-operative pain relief.<ref name="broadman1987">{{REFjournal |
|last=Broadman | |last=Broadman | ||
|first= | |first= | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
| − | Ring block is considered to be more effective than [[dorsal penile nerve block]] or EMLA cream.<ref name="lander1997">{{REFjournal | + | Ring block is considered to be more effective than [[dorsal penile nerve block]] or [[EMLA]] cream.<ref name="lander1997">{{LanderJ etal 1997}}</ref> |
| − | |last= | + | |
| − | | | + | {{Box|Boxtext=<big><b>This procedure does NOT totally eliminate [[pain]]. A baby boy will still experience some [[pain]] and [[trauma]] with this analgesic procedure. Prevention of pain requires protecting a boy from elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Only boys who are protected from the medically unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision surgery experience no [[pain]] or [[trauma]].</b></big>}} |
| − | | | + | |
| − | |author-link= | + | The [[penis]] is innervated by both dorsal and perineal nerves,<ref name="cepeda2023">{{REFjournal |
| − | |last2= | + | |last=Cepeda-Emiliani |
| − | | | + | |first= |
| − | | | + | |init=A |
| + | |author-link=Alfonso Cepeda-Emiliani | ||
| + | |last2=Gándara-Cortés | ||
| + | |first2= | ||
| + | |init2=M | ||
|author2-link= | |author2-link= | ||
| − | |last3= | + | |last3=Otero-Alén |
| − | | | + | |first3= |
| − | | | + | |init3=M |
|author3-link= | |author3-link= | ||
| − | |last4= | + | |last4=García |
| − | | | + | |first4= |
| − | | | + | |init4=H |
|author4-link= | |author4-link= | ||
| − | |last5= | + | |last5=Suárez-Quintanilla |
| − | | | + | |first5= |
| − | | | + | |init5=J |
|author5-link= | |author5-link= | ||
| + | |last6=García-Caballero | ||
| + | |first6= | ||
| + | |init6=T | ||
| + | |author6-link= | ||
| + | |last7=Gallego | ||
| + | |first7= | ||
| + | |init7=R | ||
| + | |author7-link= | ||
| + | |last8=García-Caballero | ||
| + | |first8= | ||
| + | |init8=R | ||
| + | |author8-link= | ||
|etal=no | |etal=no | ||
| − | |title= | + | |title=Immunohistological study of the density and distribution of human penile neural tissue: gradient hypothesis |
| − | | | + | |trans-title= |
| − | | | + | |journal= Int J Impot Res |
| − | |date= | + | |date=2023-05-02 |
| − | |volume= | + | |volume=35 |
| − | |issue= | + | |issue=3 |
| − | |pages= | + | |article= |
| − | |url= | + | |page= |
| + | |pages=286-305 | ||
| + | |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41443-022-00561-9 | ||
|archived= | |archived= | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
| − | |pubmedID= | + | |pubmedID=35501394 |
|pubmedCID= | |pubmedCID= | ||
| − | |DOI= | + | |DOI=10.1038/s41443-022-00561-9 |
| − | |accessdate=2023- | + | |accessdate=2023-12-09 |
| − | }}</ref> | + | }}</ref> therefore ring block can never be totally effective. |
| − | |||
| − | |||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:16, 9 March 2024
Ring block is the name of a nerve blocking local anesthesia procedure that is used to reduce the pain of non-therapeutic neonatal circumcision.
Ring block was proposed by Broadman et al. (1987) to reduce, not eliminate, the pain if a boy is to be circumcised. Broadman et al. also proposed the use of low-dose intravenous fentanyl for post-operative pain relief.[1]
Ring block is considered to be more effective than dorsal penile nerve block or EMLA cream.[2]
This procedure does NOT totally eliminate pain. A baby boy will still experience some pain and trauma with this analgesic procedure. Prevention of pain requires protecting a boy from elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Only boys who are protected from the medically unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcision surgery experience no pain or trauma.
The penis is innervated by both dorsal and perineal nerves,[3] therefore ring block can never be totally effective.
References
- ↑
Broadman LM, Hannallah RS, Belman, AB, Elder PT, Ruttimann, U, Epstein BS. Post-circumcision analgesia—a prospective evaluation of subcutaneous ring block of the penis 
. Anesthesiology. September 1987; 67(3): 399-402. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
- ↑ Lander J, Brady-Frerer B, Metcalfe JB, Nazerali S, Muttit S. Comparison of ring block, dorsal penile nerve block, and topical anesthesia for neonatal circumcision. JAMA. 24 December 1997; 278(24): 2157-64. PMID. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
- ↑ Cepeda-Emiliani A, Gándara-Cortés M, Otero-Alén M, García H, Suárez-Quintanilla J, García-Caballero T, Gallego R, García-Caballero R. Immunohistological study of the density and distribution of human penile neural tissue: gradient hypothesis. Int J Impot Res. 2 May 2023; 35(3): 286-305. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
