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In 2022, Garenne investigated the complex relationships between [[circumcision]] and [[HIV]] prevalence in Lesotho and found no net effect of [[circumcision]] on [[HIV]]. The study (see below) questions the amount of effort and money spent on [[VMMC]] in Lesotho.
In 2022, Garenne investigated the complex relationships between [[circumcision]] and [[HIV]] prevalence in Lesotho and found no net effect of [[circumcision]] on [[HIV]]. The study (see below) questions the amount of effort and money spent on [[VMMC]] in Lesotho.


== Population-based studies ==
New population-based studies (2021) confirm Garenne's findings.
New population-based studies (2021) confirm Garenne's findings.
==Population-based studies==


September 2021 saw the publication of two huge population studies on the relationship of [[circumcision]] and HIV infection:
{{Population-based studies}}


# Mayan et al. (2021) carried out a massive empirical study of the male population of the province of Ontario, [[Canada]] (569,950 males), of whom 203,588 (35.7%) were [[circumcised]] between 1991 and 2017. The study concluded that circumcision status is not related to risk of HIV infection.<ref name="mayan2021">{{REFjournal
{{PUB}}
  |last=Mayan
* {{REFjournal
  |first=Madhur
  |last=Garenne
  |first=Michel
  |init=M
  |init=M
  |author-link=
  |author-Michel Garenne
|last2=Hamilton
|first2=Robert J.
|init2=RJ
|author2-link=
|last3=Juurlink
|first3=David N.
|init3=DN
|author3-link=
|last4=Austin
|first4=Peter C.
|init4=PC
|author4-link=
|last5=Jarvi
|first5=Keith A.
|init5=KA
|author5-link=
  |etal=no
  |etal=no
  |title=Circumcision and Risk of HIV Among Males From Ontario, Canada
  |title=Age-incidence and prevalence of HIV among intact and circumcised men: an analysis of PHIA surveys in Southern Africa
  |journal=J Urol
|trans-title=
  |date=2021-09-23
|language=
  |url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1097/JU.0000000000002234
  |journal=J Biosoc Sci
  |quote=We found that circumcision was not independently associated with the risk of acquiring HIV among men from Ontario, Canada.
|location=
  |pubmedID=34551593
  |date=2022-10-26
  |DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000002234
|season=
  |accessdate=2021-10-02
|volume=
}}</ref>
|issue=
# [[Morten Frisch]] & Jacob Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale empirical population study in [[Denmark]] of 855,654 males regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in men. They found that [[circumcised]] men have a higher rate of STI and HIV infection overall than [[intact]] men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021}}</ref>
|article=
 
|page=
No association between lack of circumcision and risk of HIV infection was found by either study.
|pages=1-13
 
  |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-biosocial-science/article/abs/ageincidence-and-prevalence-of-hiv-among-intact-and-circumcised-men-an-analysis-of-phia-surveys-in-southern-africa/CAA7E7BD5A9844F41C6B7CC3573B9E50
 
|archived=
{{PUB}}
  |quote=
  |pubmedID=36286328
|pubmedCID=
  |DOI=10.1017/S0021932022000414
  |accessdate=2022-10-27
}}
* {{REFjournal
* {{REFjournal
  |last=Garenne
  |last=Garenne
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  |page=e78
  |page=e78
}}
}}
 
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[United States of America]]
{{LINKS}}
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
* {{REFweb
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[[Category:Researcher]]
[[Category:Researcher]]
[[Category:Author]]


[[Category:France]]
[[Category:France]]
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