Changes

|url=httphttps://www.mothersagainstcirccirp.org/fleissnews/1997/1997-12-01_Mothering.htmlphp

|accessdate=2024-12-22

|chapter=[https://www.gutenberg.org/files/1228/1228-h/1228-h.htm#chap04 Chapter Four: Natural Selection]

|url=https://darwin-online.org.uk/converted/published/1874_Descent_F944/1874_Descent_F944.html

|accessdate=2024-12-22

}}</ref><refname="short1981">{{REFbook

}}</ref> It has been proposed that the [[foreskin ]] evolved to facilitate [[masturbation]],<refname="cox1995">{{REFjournal

|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0306987795902481

|DOI=10.1016/0306-9877(95)90248-1

|accessdate=2024-12-22}}</ref> but, in accordance with Darwin's principles of survival, it is more likely that the [[gliding action]] of the male prepuce facilitates penetration and fertilization of the female. <ref>{{REFjournal |last=Taves |first= |init=DR |author-link= |etal=no |title=The intromission function of the foreskin |trans-title= |journal=Medical Hypotheses |location= |date=2002-08 |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=180-2 |url=https://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/taves1/10 |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=12208206 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00250-5 |accessdate=2024-12-22}}</ref> The human prepuce has an increase in corpuscular innervation and concomitant decrease in corpuscular receptors in the human [[glans]] compared to the prepuce and glans of lower primates, demonstrating an evolutionary advancement.<refname="nadler1995">{{REFjournal

|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajp.1350370204

|pubmedID=31936943

|accessdate=2024-12-22

|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/402394

|DOI=10.1353/pbm.1990.0008

|accessdate=2024-12-22}}</ref> The human [[penis]] has retained and modified its prepuce over a an extraordinary period of extraordinarily evolution.<ref>{{REFjournal

|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajp.1350130107

|pubmedID=2188210

|accessdate=20102024-0612-22

The rhesus monkey has fewer corpuscular receptors in the prepuce (foreskin) and more corpuscular receptors in the glans (head). In humans, however, the [[glans penis]] has few corpuscular receptors and predominant free nerve endings,<refname="halata1997">{{REFjournal |last=Halata, |first= |init=Z, & |author-link= |last2=Spaethe, |first2= |init2=A. (1997). |author2-link= |etal=no |title=Sensory innervation Innervation of the human penisHuman Penis |trans-title= |language= |journal=Adv Exp Med Biol |location= |date=1997 |season= |volume=424 |issue= |article= |page= |pages= |url=https://cirp. Plenum Press.<org/library/anatomy/halata2/ref><ref name |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=9361804 |pubmedCID= |DOI="halta86">Halata, Z, & Munger, B. (1986)10. The neuroanatomical basis for the protopathic sensibility of the human glans penis. Brain Res, 34(506)<1007/ref> consistent with protopathic sensibility. Protopathic simply refers to a low order of sensibility (consciousness of sensation), such as to deep pressure and pain, that is poorly localised. The human glans penis has virtually no fine touch sensation and can only sense deep pressure and pain at a high threshold.<ref>Von, F.M. (1894). Beiträge zur Physiologie des Schmerzsinns. Akad Wiss Leipzig Math.978-1-4615-5913-Naturwiss Kl Ber.</ref><ref name="macaca"/> While the human [[glans penis]] is protopathic, the [[prepuce]] contains a high concentration of touch receptors in the [[Ridged band9_48 |ridged band]].<ref nameaccessdate="cold2024-12-mcgrath"22}}</ref>

In the human [[penis]], the [[prepuce]] is known to have ten times more corpuscular sensory receptors than the [[glans penis]].<ref name="halta86halata1986">{{REFjournal |last=Halata |first= |init=Z |author-link= |last2=Munger |first2= |init2=BL |author2-link= |etal=no |title=The neuroanatomical basis for the protopathic sensibility of the human glans penis |trans-title= |language= |journal=Brain Res |date=1986-04-23 |volume=371 |issue=2 |pages=205-30 |url= |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=3697758 |pubmedCID= |DOI=10.1016/0006-8993(86)90357-4 |accessdate=2024-12-22}}</ref>

The male and female prepuce has persisted in all primates, which strongly supports the contention that the [[prepuce]] is valuable genital sensory tissue. The corpora cavernosa and the prepuce are the only two universally common characteristics of the primate penis.<ref name="cold-mcgrath"/><ref name="macaca"/> While the human [[glans penis]] is protopathic, the [[prepuce]] contains a high concentration of touch receptors in the [[Ridged band|ridged band]].<ref name="cold-mcgrath"/>

=== Further reading ===

[[Image:The-Descent-of-Man-and-Selection-in-Relation-to-sex.gif|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:Primate_Origins_and_Evolution.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:Perspectives_in_biology_and_medicine.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:America_Journal_of_Primatology.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:Studies_In_Neurology.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:Why_Sex_Is_Fun.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]][[Image:Mothering.gif‎|100x130px200x260px]]

=== Videos ======= Functions of The Foreskin - Part 1 ====

==== Functions of The Foreskin - Part 2 ====

* * {{REFweb |url=httphttps://www.intactaus.org/information/functionsoftheforeskinfunctions-of-the-foreskin/