Lymphoedema: Difference between revisions
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'''Lymphoedema''' and associated swelling in the [[penis]] is an expected complication of [[circumcision]].<ref>{{REFjournal | '''Lymphoedema''' is swelling (especially in subcutaneous tissues) as a result of obstruction of lymphatic vessels or lymph nodes and the accumulation of large amounts of [[lymph]] in the affected region.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
|url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lymphoedema | |||
|title=Lymphoedema | |||
|last=Anonymous | |||
|first= | |||
|publisher=The Free Dictionary | |||
|date=2012 | |||
|accessdate=2022-05-13 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
==Lymphoedema after circumcision== | |||
'''Lymphoedema''' and associated swelling in the [[penis]] is an expected complication of [[circumcision]], since surgery disrupts [[lymph]] drainage channels.<ref name="kaplan1983">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Kaplan | |last=Kaplan | ||
|first=George W | |first=George W. | ||
| | |init=GW | ||
| | |author-link=George W. Kaplan | ||
|title=Complications of circumcision | |title=Complications of circumcision | ||
|journal=Urol Clin N Amer | |journal=Urol Clin N Amer | ||
| Line 20: | Line 26: | ||
|DOI= | |DOI= | ||
|accessdate=2019-11-25 | |accessdate=2019-11-25 | ||
}}</ref><ref name="williams-kapilla1993">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Williams | |||
|init=N | |||
|author-link= | |||
|last2=Kapilla | |||
|init2=L | |||
|author2-link= | |||
|etal=no | |||
|title=Complications of circumcision. | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|language= | |||
|journal=Brit J Surg | |||
|location= | |||
|date=1993-10 | |||
|volume=80 | |||
|issue=10 | |||
|pages=1231-6 | |||
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/williams-kapila/ | |||
|quote= | |||
|pubmedID=8242285 | |||
|pubmedCID= | |||
|DOI=10.1002/bjs.1800801005 | |||
|accessdate=2019-11-26 | |||
}}</ref> Ferhatoglu et al. (2019) reported edema in 108 of 198 patients or 54.5 percent.<ref>{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Ferhatoglu | |||
|first= | |||
|init=Mf | |||
|author-link= | |||
|last2=Kartal | |||
|first2= | |||
|init2=A | |||
|author2-link= | |||
|last3=Gurkan | |||
|first3= | |||
|init3=A | |||
|author3-link= | |||
|etal=no | |||
|title=Evaluation of Male Circumcision: Retrospective Analysis of One Hundred and Ninety-eight Patients | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|language= | |||
|journal=Cureus | |||
|location= | |||
|date=2019-04-27 | |||
|volume=11 | |||
|issue=4 | |||
|article= | |||
|page=e4555 | |||
|pages= | |||
|url=https://www.cureus.com/articles/19380-evaluation-of-male-circumcision-retrospective-analysis-of-one-hundred-and-ninety-eight-patients | |||
|archived= | |||
|quote= | |||
|pubmedID=31275779 | |||
|pubmedCID=6592839 | |||
|DOI=10.7759/cureus.4555 | |||
|accessdate=2022-02-17 | |||
}}</ref> The length of time that it lasts after circumcision varies and is unpredictable, but it is not uncommon for it to last many months. | }}</ref> The length of time that it lasts after circumcision varies and is unpredictable, but it is not uncommon for it to last many months. | ||
Blood is supplied to the penis by arteries deep | Blood is supplied to the penis by arteries deep within the penis. Blood is returned to the heart by veins in the [[foreskin]]. Circumcision severs those veins, so blood has difficulty in returning to the heart. This causes a buildup of [https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Lymphatic+fluid lymphatic fluid] in the penis. | ||
Swelling most commonly occurs in the residual internal mucosa between the [[glans]] penis and the [[circumcision scar]], but may also occur elsewhere. | Swelling most commonly occurs in the residual internal [[mucosa]] between the [[glans]] penis and the [[circumcision scar]] (distal of the scar), but may also occur elsewhere. | ||
Lymphoedema may be more common after [[adolescent and adult circumcision]]. | |||
There does not seem to be any satisfactory treatment for it except patience and time. | |||
==Lymphoedema after masturbation== | |||
Lymphoedema of the [[foreskin]] may occur after vigorous and/or prolonged [[masturbation]]. It is painless and harmless. It usually resolves within 24 hours. | |||
==Paraphimosis== | |||
Lymphoedema frequently occurs secondary to [[paraphimosis]] due to the restriction of blood circulation in the [[penis]]. | |||
{{LINKS}} | |||
*{{REFweb | |||
|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Lymphoedema/ | |||
|title=Lymphoedema | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|language= | |||
|last= | |||
|first= | |||
|author-link= | |||
|publisher= | |||
|website=National Health Service | |||
|date=2016-11-13 | |||
|accessdate=2019-11-25 | |||
|format= | |||
|quote= | |||
}} | |||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
[[Category:Circumcision risk]] | |||
[[Category:Circumcision term]] | |||
[[de:Lymphödem]] | |||