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==Nordic view of non-therapeutic circumcision of boys.== | ==Nordic view of non-therapeutic circumcision of boys.== | ||
Denmark is a Nordic nation in Northern Europe. Like other Nordic nations, the people abhor child non-therapeutic circumcision. | Denmark is a Nordic nation in Northern Europe. Like other Nordic nations, the people abhor child non-therapeutic [[circumcision]]. | ||
Denmark has taken the leading role in challenging the legitimacy of circumcision. In 2003, the country’s Children’s Ombudsman classified circumcision as a violation of children’s rights. In 2008, the National Children’s Council proposed a ban on circumcising all children under the age of fifteen, which would have made the Jewish brit mila a crime.<ref>{{REFjournal | Denmark has taken the leading role in challenging the legitimacy of circumcision. In 2003, the country’s Children’s Ombudsman classified circumcision as a violation of children’s rights. In 2008, the National Children’s Council proposed a ban on circumcising all children under the age of fifteen, which would have made the Jewish brit mila a crime.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
In 2013, children's ombudsmen from [[Sweden]], [[Norway]], [[Finland]], Denmark, and Iceland, along with the Chair of the Danish Children's Council and the children's spokesperson for Greenland, passed a resolution that emphasized the decision to be circumcised should belong to the individual, who should be able to give informed consent.<ref name="resolution2">{{REFweb | In 2013, children's ombudsmen from [[Sweden]], [[Norway]], [[Finland]], Denmark, and Iceland, along with the Chair of the Danish Children's Council and the children's spokesperson for Greenland, passed a resolution that emphasized the decision to be circumcised should belong to the individual, who should be able to give [[informed consent]].<ref name="resolution2">{{REFweb | ||
|last=Nordic Association of Children's Ombudsmen | |last=Nordic Association of Children's Ombudsmen | ||
|title=Let the boys decide for themselves | |title=Let the boys decide for themselves | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
}}[] Tuesday, 1 October 2013</ref> | }}[] Tuesday, 1 October 2013</ref> | ||
The Nordic Association of Clinical Sexologists (2013) supports the position of the Nordic Association of Ombudsmen who reason that circumcision violates the individual's human rights by denying the male child his ability to make the decision for himself.<ref name="nordicsexologits2013">{{REFdocument | The Nordic Association of Clinical Sexologists (2013) supports the position of the Nordic Association of Ombudsmen who reason that circumcision violates the individual's [[human rights]] by denying the male child his ability to make the decision for himself.<ref name="nordicsexologits2013">{{REFdocument | ||
|title=Statement on Non-Therapeutic Circumcision of Boys | |title=Statement on Non-Therapeutic Circumcision of Boys | ||
|url=http://nacs.eu/data/press_release001.pdf | |url=http://nacs.eu/data/press_release001.pdf | ||
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|last=Aktor | |last=Aktor | ||
|first=Mikael | |first=Mikael | ||
|init=M | |||
|author-link=Mikael Aktor | |author-link=Mikael Aktor | ||
|year=2016 | |year=2016 | ||
|title=Whose Rights? The Danish Debate on Ritual Infant Male Circumcision as a Human Rights Issue | |title=Whose Rights? The Danish Debate on Ritual Infant Male Circumcision as a Human Rights Issue | ||
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===ICCPR=== | ===ICCPR=== | ||
Denmark is a state-party to the ''International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights'' (1967). | Denmark is a state-party to the ''[[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]'' (1967). | ||
====Article two==== | ====Article two==== | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
This means that all children, male and female, and regardless of parental religious views, shall enjoy the same human rights. | This means that all children, male and female, and regardless of parental religious views, shall enjoy the same [[human rights]]. | ||
====Article twelve==== | ====Article twelve==== | ||
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3. States Parties shall take all effective and appropriate measures with a view to abolishing traditional practices prejudicial to the health of children.<ref name="crc1989"/> | 3. States Parties shall take all effective and appropriate measures with a view to abolishing traditional practices prejudicial to the health of children.<ref name="crc1989"/> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
Male circumcision always results in the permanent and irreversible loss of the [[foreskin]], a structure with protective, immunological, sexual, and sensory functions. The loss of the protective and immunological functions are harmful to physical health. The loss of the sensory and sexual functions are harmful to [[ | Male circumcision always results in the permanent and irreversible loss of the [[foreskin]], a structure with protective, immunological, sexual, and sensory functions. The loss of the protective and immunological functions are harmful to physical health. The loss of the sensory and sexual functions are harmful to [[Sexual effects of circumcision|sexual]] and [[Psychological issues of male circumcision| mental]] health. We have long known that non-therapeutic circumcision of children sometimes results in [[death]]. [[Douglas Gairdner]] (1949) reported circumcision caused nineteen deaths in England and Wales in 1946.<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref> Bollinger (2010) estimated 117 deaths per year in the United States.<ref name="bollinger2010">{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Bollinger | |last=Bollinger | ||
|first=Dan | |first=Dan | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Denmark has ''not'' fulfilled its several promises to protect the human rights of boys. | Denmark has ''not'' fulfilled its several promises to protect the [[human rights]] of boys. | ||
==Medical science== | ==Medical science== | ||
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[[Morten Frisch]] et al. (2011) produced an important study elucidating the relationship between [[circumcision]] and sexual function difficulties.<ref name="frisch2011">{{FrischM LindholmM GroenbaekM 2011}}</ref> | [[Morten Frisch]] et al. (2011) produced an important study elucidating the relationship between [[circumcision]] and sexual function difficulties.<ref name="frisch2011">{{FrischM LindholmM GroenbaekM 2011}}</ref> | ||
Morten & Simonsen (2015) of the [https://en.ssi.dk/ Danish National Serum Institute] | [[Morten Frisch|Frisch]] & Simonsen (2015) of the [https://en.ssi.dk/ Danish National Serum Institute] associated neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision with [https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/facts.html#ref autism spectrum disorder].<ref>{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2015}}</ref> | ||
}}</ref> | |||
[[Morten Frisch]] | [[Morten Frisch|Frisch]] & Simonsen (2021) carried out a large scale population study regarding the alleged value of male circumcision in preventing [[HIV]] and other sexually transmitted infection in men. They found that circumcised men have a higher rate of STI and [[HIV]] infection overall than intact men.<ref name="frisch2021">{{FrischM SimonsenJ 2021}}</ref> | ||
}}</ref> | |||
==Intactivist organizations== | ==Intactivist organizations== | ||
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The Danish Association of General Medicine (2014) declared: | The Danish Association of General Medicine (2014) declared: | ||
<blockquote>The Health Agency has sent 'Guidance on Circumcision of Boys' in consultation. The DSAM's [Board] of Directors has discussed the draft consultation and agree that circumcision may only be performed when there is a medical indication for it. If circumcision is performed without a medical indication, it is a case of mutilation.<ref>{{REFweb | <blockquote>The Health Agency has sent 'Guidance on Circumcision of Boys' in consultation. The DSAM's [Board] of Directors has discussed the draft consultation and agree that circumcision may only be performed when there is a [[medical indication]] for it. If circumcision is performed without a [[medical indication]], it is a case of mutilation.<ref>{{REFweb | ||
|url=https://www.arclaw.org/news/danish-doctors-call-circumcision-mutilation | |url=https://www.arclaw.org/news/danish-doctors-call-circumcision-mutilation | ||
|title=Doctors are now speaking out: circumcision is a violation and should be banned | |title=Doctors are now speaking out: circumcision is a violation and should be banned | ||
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The [https://www.sum.dk/English.aspx Danish Health Ministry] (2016) announced that, beginning in 2017, all circumcisions, regardless of where they take place, will need to be reported to Denmark’s national patient registry (''Landspatientregistret'').<ref name="danishdoctors2016" /> | The [https://www.sum.dk/English.aspx Danish Health Ministry] (2016) announced that, beginning in 2017, all circumcisions, regardless of where they take place, will need to be reported to Denmark’s national patient registry (''Landspatientregistret'').<ref name="danishdoctors2016" /> | ||
The percentage of males [[circumcised]] in Denmark (prevalence) is reported to be 5.3%.<ref>{{REFweb | |||
|url=https://circstatistics.github.io/ | |||
|title=Global Circumcision Statistics and Estimates | |||
|last= | |||
|first= | |||
|init= | |||
|publisher=https://circstatistics.github.io | |||
|date=2024-04-01 | |||
|accessdate=2024-04-01 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
=== Citizens proposal === | === Citizens proposal === | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Mette Frederiksen, [https://www.stm.dk/ Prime Minister of Denmark], argued that an alleged promise made to Jews in the aftermath of World War II takes precedence over Denmark's clear obligations under international law of human rights to protect the human rights of its citizens, including boys.<ref>{{REFnews | Mette Frederiksen, [https://www.stm.dk/ Prime Minister of Denmark], argued that an alleged promise made to Jews in the aftermath of World War II takes precedence over Denmark's clear obligations under international law of [[human rights]] to protect the [[human rights]] of its citizens, including boys.<ref>{{REFnews | ||
|title=Denmark refuses to ban the ritual circumcision of boys | |title=Denmark refuses to ban the ritual circumcision of boys | ||
|url=http://cphpost.dk/?p=118305 | |url=http://cphpost.dk/?p=118305 | ||
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==Videos== | ==Videos== | ||
===Denmark to Vote on Circumcision Ban=== | |||
<youtube>LopXuAUIReU</youtube> | <youtube>LopXuAUIReU</youtube> | ||
< | ==='Circumcised against his will' (English subtitles)=== | ||
</ | <youtube>v=oK8vwTF5PNE</youtube> | ||
{{SEEALSO}} | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
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|quote= | |quote= | ||
}} | }} | ||
* {{REFweb | |||
|url=https://intactamerica.org/cultures-that-reject-circumcision/ | |||
|title=Cultures That Reject Circumcision—And Why They’re Right | |||
|last=Alissa | |||
|first=Kristel | |||
|init= | |||
|author-link=Kristel Alissa | |||
|publisher=Intact America | |||
|date=2025-02-23 | |||
|accessdate=2025-05-08 | |||
}} | |||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
[[Category:Denmark]] | [[Category:Denmark]] | ||
[[Category:Circumcision]] | [[Category:Circumcision]] | ||
[[Category:Country]] | |||
[[Category:Male circumcision]] | |||
[[Category:Europe]] | |||
[[de:Dänemark]] | |||