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As the present trend continuesThe incidence of harmful, unnecessary, nontherapeutic [[intactnesscircumcision]] is becoming the more usual, normal, and expected condition for of newborn infant boys in Americadeclines at the rate of 0.5 of one percentage point per year.<ref name="yang2025" />
[[Category:Circumcision]]
→Intactness is the new norm!: Add citation.
}}</ref>
The United States is unique in having a [[circumcision industry]] that aggressively promotes the practice of medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic, harmful infant [[circumcision]]. The decline of the unnecessary practice has been slowed by payments for unnecessary circumcision by various government heath programs and by continual encouragement and promotion of circumcision by the [[circumcision industry]]. However, the practice of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn boys is now has been in gradual declinefor several decades.
Despite the financially self-serving promotional efforts of the [[circumcision industry]], Jacobson et al. (2021) reported the incidence of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn infant boys was reported to have continued its slow decline to 52.1 percent in 2016.<ref name="jacobson2021">{{REFjournal
|last=Jacobson
|first=Deborah L.
|DOI=10.1097/JU.0000000000001316
|accessdate=2021-10-15
}}</ref> Yang et al. (2025) reported the incidenec of circumcision of the newborn had declined to 49.3 percent in 2022, making non-circumcision or [[intactness]] the new NORM among America's newborn boys. Yang et al. studied a ten-ear period during which the incidence of circumcision declined at a rate of 0.5% per year.<ref name="yang2025">{{REFjournal
|last=Yang
|first=
|init=P
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|last2=Zhu
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|init2=X
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|last3=Patel
|first3=
|init3=EU
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|last4=Quin
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|last5=Grabowski
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|init5=MK
|author5-link=
|last6=Tobian
|first6=
|init6=AAR
|author6-link=Aaron Tobian
|etal=no
|title=Trends in Circumcision Among Newborn Males in the US
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=JAMA Pediatrics
|location=
|date=2025-09-15
|season=
|volume=
|issue=
|article=e252464
|page=
|pages=
|url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2838312
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=40952753
|pubmedCID=12439174
|DOI=10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.2464
|accessdate=2025-09-17
}}</ref>
One may be certain that the eighteenth century [https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/founding-fathers/ Founding Fathers of the United States] of America were men with [[intact]] [[foreskin]]s as were the [[foreskinned]] men who fought the American Civil War (1861-1865).
Non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of males for non-religious reasons originated with [[Claude François Lallemand]] in 1836 in France but soon spread to the [[United Kingdom]] in the early nineteenth century, from which it eventually spread to other English-speaking nations.<ref name="hodges1997">[[Frederick M. Hodges| Hodges FM]]. [https://lust-for-life.org/Lust-For-Life/_Textual/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp.pdf#page=28 A short history of the institutionalization of involuntary sexual mutilations in the United States]. in: Denniston GC, Milos MF (eds.), Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy (New York: Plenum Publishing, 1997), pp. 17-40. (ISBN 0-306-45589-7)</ref>
Edward Dixon (1847) recommended circumcision to prevent the spread of syphilis.<ref name="self2016" />
===Late nineteenth century===
====First quarter====The late nineteenth century was characterized by prominent medical doctors advancing all sorts of absurd reasons for the performance of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]], including the prevention of venereal disease.<ref name="self2016" />
The first recorded non-religious circumcision of a boy in the United States occurred in 1870 when [[Lewis Albert Sayre]], a prominent New York City doctor, [[circumcised]] a boy of five years of age for paralysis.<ref name="gollaher1994">{{GollaherDL 1994}}</ref> [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Sayre]] then continued to advocate circumcision for numerous reasons until his death in 1900. According to [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Sayre]], circumcision was recommended for paralysis, epilepsy, hernia, lunacy, curvature of the spine, and clubfoot.
[[M. J. Moses]] (1871) advocated [[circumcision]] to prevent [[masturbation]].<ref name="moses1871">{{Moses1871}}</ref>
====Second quarter====
[[H. H. Kane]] (1879) 'discovers' that [[circumcision]] cures nocturnal emissions and abdominal neuralgia.<ref>{{Kane1879}}</ref>
Seventh-day Adventist [[John Harvey Kellogg]], {{MD}}, of Battle Creek, Michigan, was an important 19th century promoter of male circumcision. Although masturbation is never mentioned in the Bible, Dr. Kellogg believed that [[masturbation]] was immoral, sinful, and caused one to dream "impure dreams", which he believed was harmful to the mental faculties, resulting in mental disorders, such as "feeblemindness".<ref name="kellogg1888">{{Kellogg1888}}</ref> He believed that the urge to masturbate could be prevented by eating bland foods, for which purpose, he and his brother invented corn flakes.<ref name="self2016" />
Dr. Kellogg (1879) also recommended [[circumcision]] in cases "in which irritation is produced by retained secretions".<ref name="kellogg1888"/>
===Early twentieth century===
====First quarter====
The early twentieth century is characterized by advocacy of circumcision based on false claims to prevent cancer and sexually transmitted (venereal) disease; and by the involvement of the United States military services in the promotion of circumcision.
|accessdate=2021-10-04
}}</ref>
====Second quarter====
[[Abraham L. Wolbarst|Wolbarst]] (1926) made his claim for the first time that male circumcision prevents [[penile cancer]].<ref name="wolbarst1926!>{{REFjournal
|last=Wolbarst
===Late twentieth century===
====Third quarter====
The late twentieth century was characterized by increasing opposition to non-therapeutic circumcision of boys by [[intactivists]] and increasing efforts by the circumcision industry to protect [[third-party payment]] for performance of non-therapeutic circumcision of non-consenting boys; and by increasing recognition that newborn boys intensely feel [[pain]] and that non-therapeutic male [[circumcision]] is a [[trauma| horribly traumatic experience]].
}}</ref>
</blockquote>
====Fourth quarter====The statement in the 1971 manual was good medical science, then and now, but it did not sit well with the membership of the AAP because it provided no basis on which to promote non-therapeutic circumcision for profit. A four-member "ad hoc" task force was formed to produce a new statement to 'walk-back' the earlier statement to fit the desires of the membership, which was published in ''Pediatrics'' in 1975.<ref name="aap1975">{{REFjournal
|last=Thompson
|first=
}}</ref>
[[Geoffrey P. Miller ]] (2002) discussed the impact of American culture on the law of circumcision.<ref name="miller2002">{{REFjournal
|last=Miller
|first=Geoffrey P.
[[Jen Williams]] organized [[Your Whole Baby]] in 2014.
The infamous [[Nebus v. Hironimus]] Florida [[circumcision]] case culminated after five years of litigation with Florida Family Court Judge [[Jeffrey Dana Gillen]] arrested the mother, [[Heather Hironimus]], and forced her to sign a consent for harmful, [[pain| painful]] circumcision in open court while handcuffed.
====Heather Hironimus signs consent form for circumcision of 4 and 1/2 year old son under extreme duress====
<youtube>Btxl4UGBdpc</youtube>
[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]] commissioned a [https://www,doctorsopposingcircumcision.org new website] in 2016.
|accessdate=2024-12-23
}}</ref>
[[Intact America]] (2024) reports a rapid increase in the percentage of Americans who oppose the harmful [[circumcision]] of boys.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKVZQGTRl77/?igsh=MWV1aW90MzBpd2dzdA%3D%3D |title=Opposition to circumcision overtime. |last=Anonymous |first= |init= |author-link= |publisher=Intact America |date=2024 |accessdate=2025-06-01}}</ref> ====Second quarter====
[[PEPFAR]] (2025) has scrapped its ineffective and harmful "voluntary male medical circumcision" ([[VMMC]]) program after 15 years and at least 27,000,000 harmful and useless [[foreskin]] amputations.<ref name="gwarisa2025">{{REFnews
|title=New PEPFAR Waiver Scraps Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program
|quote=
}}</ref> Numerous studies have demonstrated that [[adult circumcision]] is not effective in preventing [[HIV]] [[infection]]. Child [[circumcision]] had previously been discontinued.
President Donald J. Trump appointment of [[Robert Francis Kennedy, Jr.]] to be Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services was approved by the United States Senate was ratified by the United States Senate on 13 February 2025. Kennedy wants to reform healthcare in the United States.
[[Eric Clopper]] has organized [[Intact Global]] in 2024, which has the goal of litigating in numerous states to ensure that boys will enjoy "the equal protection of the law". Intact Global instituted a suit against the state of Oregon in March 2025.
Data Panda has reported the incidence of non-therapeutic circumcision by state on 24 May 2025. The incidence ranged from a low of 10 percent in Washington to a high of 91 percent in West Virginia.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.datapandas.org/ranking/circumcision-rate-by-state
|title=Circumcision Rate by State
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=Data Panda
|date=2025-05-24
|accessdate=2025-09-19
}}</ref>
[[Jake Tran]] has produced a [[This should be a crime| video]] about the practice of child [[circumcision]] in the United States.
In a milestone for [[intactivism]], Microsoft Network (MSN) reported that the incidence of child circumcision in the United States has declined below 50 percent, which makes non-circumcision or [[genital integrity]] the new <b>NORM</b> in the United States among newborn boys.<ref name="msn2025">{{REFnews
|title=Less Than Half of U.S. Boys Now Circumcised
|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/other/less-than-half-of-us-boys-now-circumcised/ar-AA1MBjzN
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=Microsoft Network
|website=
|date=2025-09-17
|accessdate=2025-09-29
|quote=From 2012 to 2022, the prevalence of circumcision during hospitalization of male neonates age 0 to 28 days decreased significantly by nearly 5 percentage points, from 54.1% to 49.3%,
}}</ref>
==Government financial support for non-therapeutic circumcision==
=== Prevalence of circumcision ===
'''Prevalence of circumcision''' is the percentage of all males of all ages in the population who have been [[circumcised]].
[[Intact America]] carried out a survey in 2022 that claims that 73 percent of all American men were [[circumcised]],<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.intactamerica.org/newsroom-gender-equality/
'''Incidence of circumcision''' is the percentage of newborn boys who currently are being [[circumcised]].
====Long-term declining trend====
The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]] hit its peak at 85-90 percent in 19801965. <ref name="laumann1997" /> It has been slowly declining ever since.
Peter Moore (2015) reported that the incidence of circumcision was 55 percent.<ref name="moore2015"/>
One should also note that the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] [[medical trade association]] vacated its fraudulent 2012 Circumcision Policy Statement by allowing it to expire in 2017 without being re-affirmed.
[https://150.jhu.edu/ Johns Hopkins University] and the Jewish-funded [https://publichealth.jhu.edu/ Bloomberg School of Public Health] have long been outlier advocates of male [[circumcision]]. However, they (2025) are now reporting that the incidence of circumcision has declined "significantly" between 2012 and 2022. The overall decline was from 54.1% to 49.3% — a decline of 4.8 percentage points or 0.048 precentage points per year. The 4.8 percentage point represents a decline of 8.8 percent (4.8/54.1 = 8.8%)<ref name="yang2025" /> Although the incidence of [[circumcision of the newborn]] has been gradually declining for decades, this is the first study to report an overall incidence of less than fifty percent. Based on this new information, we can now report that [[intactness]] is now the NORM among the newborn boys of America. We note that [[Australia]] reported a significant improvement in child health when the incidence of circumcision declined in that nation.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/children-youth/australias-children-in-brief/summary
|title=Australia’s children: in brief
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
|pubmedID=
ISBN=978-1-76054-659-5
|DOI=10.25816/5e152818d082c
|date=2019-12-17
|accessdate=2025-09-17
}}</ref> Any circumcisions performed after the newborn period would not be captured by these statistics.
====Midwest====
In the Midwest, the incidence of [[circumcision]] has declined to 75 percent, which translates to a [[genital integrity]] rate increase to 25 percent or 1 in 4 boys having an [[intact]] foreskin.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The previous report from 2010 was one boy in five being intact,<ref name="bollinger2017" /> and before that it was 1 in 10 boys being [[intact]], so this in an increase of 250 percent (0.25/0.10 X 100 = 250%) in the rate of [[Intact| intactness]] for the Midwest. The still high incidence of circumcision in the Midwest is counterbalanced by the low incidence in the West.
=== Intactness is the new norm ! ===
[[Intactness]] had previously been shamed in the United States,<ref name="garrett2023-12-21">{{REFweb
}}</ref> but that era has ended.
[[Intact America]] called attention to the existence of a "tipping point", <ref>{{REFbook |last=Gladwell |first=Malcomb |init= |year=2002 |title=The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference |url=https://www.amazon.com/Tipping-Point-Little-Things-Difference/dp/0316346624?s=books |scope= |location= |publisher=Back Bay Books |pages=301 |ISBN=SBN-10 0316346624 |accessdate=2025-12-01 }}</ref> when public opinion would shift toward [[intactness]] in 2016.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/do-you-know-about-the-tipping-point/
|title=Do You Know: About the “Tipping Point?
}}</ref> Public opinion in the United States in 2024 has now reached that tipping point.
The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn boys now exceeds has exceeded the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boyssince 2022.<ref name="yang2025" /> As the present trend continues, [[intactness]] is becoming the more usual, normal, and expected condition among newborn infant boys in America. The incidence of [[circumcision]] varies geographically so some locations will report higher percentages [[circumcised]].
==American [[genital integrity]] organizations==
|accessdate=2021-10-14
}}
* {{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-rates/ |title=Circumcision Rates by Country: Why America Is the Outlier |last=Alissa |first=Kristel |init= |author-link=Kristel Alissa |publisher=Intact America |date=2025-07-03 |accessdate=2025-8-03}}
{{ABBR}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:BSM]]
[[Category:English-speaking nation]]
[[Category:Circumcision]]
[[Category:Country]]
[[Category:Male circumcision]]
[[Category:History]]