Changes

The United States is unique in having a [[circumcision industry]] that aggressively promotes the practice of medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic, harmful infant [[circumcision]]. The decline of the unnecessary practice has been slowed by payments for unnecessary circumcision by various government heath programs and by continual encouragement and promotion of circumcision by the [[circumcision industry]]. However, the practice of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn boys is now has been in gradual declinefor several decades.

Despite the financially self-serving promotional efforts of the [[circumcision industry]], Jacobson et al. (2021) reported the incidence of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of newborn infant boys was reported to have continued its slow decline to 52.1 percent in 2016.<ref name="jacobson2021">{{REFjournal

}}</ref> ==History=====Colonial and early 19th century===Jews have lived in America since before Yang et al. (2025) reported the incidenec of circumcision of the Revolutionary Warnewborn had declined to 49. They have always practiced [[Jewish 3 percent in 2022, making non-circumcision| ritual circumcision]], (or [[Brit Milahintactness]]), of the new NORM among America's newborn boys on . Yang et al. studied a ten-ear period during which the eighth day incidence of life in accordance with the [[Abrahamic covenant]], however this was only for circumcision declined at a very small percentage rate of the population0.5% per year.<ref name="self2016yang2025">{{REFjournal |urllast=Yang |first= |init=P |author-link=https://journals.troy.edu/index.php/test/article/view/386/302 |titlelast2=The Rise of Circumcision in Victorian AmericaZhu |firstfirst2=Eleanor |lastinit2=SelfX |authorauthor2-link=Eleanor Self |journallast3=Patel |first3= |init3=The AlexandrianEU |volumeauthor3-link=5 |issuelast4=1Quin |datefirst4=2016 |accessdateinit4=2022PC |author4-09link= |last5=Grabowski |first5= |init5=MK |author5-02link= |formatlast6=PDFTobian}} |first6=</ref> |init6=AAR One may be certain that the eighteenth century [https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/founding |author6-fathers/ Founding Fathers of the United States] of America were men with [[intact]] [[foreskin]]s as were the [[foreskinned]] men who fought the American Civil War (1861-1865).link=Aaron Tobian |etal=noNon-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of males for non-religious reasons originated with [[Claude François Lallemand]] |title=Trends in 1836 Circumcision Among Newborn Males in France but soon spread to the [[United Kingdom]] in the early nineteenth century, from which it eventually spread to other EnglishUS |trans-speaking nations.<ref nametitle="hodges1997">[[Frederick M. Hodges | Hodges FM]]. [https://lust-for-life.org/Lust-For-Life/_Textual/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp.pdf#pagelanguage=28 A short history of the institutionalization of involuntary sexual mutilations in the United States]. in: Denniston GC, Milos MF (eds.), Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy (New York: Plenum Publishing, 1997), pp. 17-40. (ISBN 0-306-45589-7)</ref> |journal=JAMA PediatricsEdward Dixon (1847) recommended circumcision to prevent the spread of syphilis.<ref name |location="self2016" /> |date=2025-09-15 |season= |volume= |issue=Late nineteenth century |article=e252464 |page= |pages= |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2838312 |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=First quarter=40952753 |pubmedCID=12439174 |DOI=10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.2464 |accessdate=2025-09-17The late nineteenth century was characterized by prominent medical doctors advancing all sorts of absurd reasons for the performance of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]], including the prevention of venereal disease.}}</ref name="self2016" />

==History=====Colonial and early 19th century===Jews have lived in America since before the Revolutionary War. They have always practiced [[Jewish circumcision| ritual circumcision]], ([[Brit Milah]]), of boys on the eighth day of life in accordance with the [[Abrahamic covenant]], however this was only for a very small percentage of the population.<ref name="self2016">{{REFjournal |url=https://journals.troy.edu/index.php/test/article/view/386/302 |title=The Rise of Circumcision in Victorian America |first=Eleanor |last=Self |author-link=Eleanor Self |journal=The Alexandrian |volume=5 |issue=1 |date=2016 |accessdate=2022-09-02 |format=PDF}}</ref> One may be certain that the eighteenth century [https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/founding-fathers/ Founding Fathers of the United States] of America were men with [[intact]] [[foreskin]]s as were the [[foreskinned]] men who fought the American Civil War (1861-1865). Non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of males for non-religious reasons originated with [[Claude François Lallemand]] in 1836 in France but soon spread to the [[United Kingdom]] in the early nineteenth century, from which it eventually spread to other English-speaking nations.<ref name="hodges1997">[[Frederick M. Hodges| Hodges FM]]. [https://lust-for-life.org/Lust-For-Life/_Textual/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp.pdf#page=28 A short history of the institutionalization of involuntary sexual mutilations in the United States]. in: Denniston GC, Milos MF (eds.), Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy (New York: Plenum Publishing, 1997), pp. 17-40. (ISBN 0-306-45589-7)</ref> Edward Dixon (1847) recommended circumcision to prevent the spread of syphilis.<ref name="self2016" /> ===Late nineteenth century=======First quarter====The late nineteenth century was characterized by prominent medical doctors advancing all sorts of absurd reasons for the performance of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]], including the prevention of venereal disease.<ref name="self2016" /> The first recorded non-religious circumcision of a boy in the United States occurred in 1870 when [[Lewis Albert Sayre]], a prominent New York City doctor, [[circumcised]] a boy of five years of age for paralysis.<ref name="gollaher1994">{{GollaherDL 1994}}</ref> [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Sayre]] then continued to advocate circumcision for numerous reasons until his death in 1900. According to [[Lewis Albert Sayre|Sayre]], circumcision was recommended for paralysis, epilepsy, hernia, lunacy, curvature of the spine, and clubfoot. [[M. J. Moses]] (1871) advocated [[circumcision]] to prevent [[masturbation]].<ref name="moses1871">{{Moses1871}}</ref>====Second quarter====[[H. H. Kane]] (1879) 'discovers' that [[circumcision]] cures nocturnal emissions and abdominal neuralgia.<ref>{{Kane1879}}</ref> Seventh-day Adventist [[John Harvey Kellogg]], {{MD}}, of Battle Creek, Michigan, was an important 19th century promoter of male circumcision. Although masturbation is never mentioned in the Bible, Dr. Kellogg believed that [[masturbation]] was immoral, sinful, and caused one to dream "impure dreams", which he believed was harmful to the mental faculties, resulting in mental disorders, such as "feeblemindness".<ref name="kellogg1888">{{Kellogg1888}}</ref> He believed that the urge to masturbate could be prevented by eating bland foods, for which purpose, he and his brother invented corn flakes.<ref name="self2016" />

In a milestone for [[intactivism]], Microsoft Network (MSN) reported that the incidence of child circumcision in the United States has declined below 50 percent, which makes non-circumcision or [[genital integrity]] the new <b>NORM</b> in the United States among newborn boys.<ref name="msn2025">{{REFnews |title=Less Than Half of U.S. Boys Now Circumcised |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/other/less-than-half-of-us-boys-now-circumcised/ar-AA1MBjzN |last=Anonymous |publisher=Microsoft Network |website= |date=2025-09-17 |accessdate=2025-09-29 |quote=From 2012 to 2022, the prevalence of circumcision during hospitalization of male neonates age 0 to 28 days decreased significantly by nearly 5 percentage points, from 54.1% to 49.3%,}}</ref> ==Government financial support for non-therapeutic circumcision==

The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]] hit its peak at 85-90 percent in 19801965. <ref name="laumann1997" /> It has been slowly declining ever since.

[https://150.jhu.edu/ Johns Hopkins University] and the Jewish-funded [https://publichealth.jhu.edu/ Bloomberg School of Public Health] have long been outlier advocates of male [[circumcision]]. However, they (2025) are now reporting that the incidence of circumcision has declined "significantly" between 2012 and 2022. The overall decline was from 54.1% to 49.3% — a decline of 4.8 percentage pointsor 0.048 precentage points per year. The 4.8 percentage point represents a decline of 8.8 percent (4.8/54.1 = 8.8%)<ref name="yang2025"/> Although the incidence of [[circumcision of the newborn]] has been gradually declining for decades, this is the first study to report an overall incidence of less than fifty percent. Based on this new information, we can now report that [[intactness]] is now the NORM among the newborn boys of America. We note that [[Australia]] reported a significant improvement in child health when the incidence of circumcision declined in that nation.<ref>{{REFjournalREFweb |url=https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/children-youth/australias-children-in-brief/summary |title=Australia’s children: in brief |last=YangAnonymous

|init=P

|last2publisher=ZhuAustralian Institute of Health and Welfare |first2pubmedID= |init2ISBN=X978-1-76054-659-5 |author2-linkDOI=10.25816/5e152818d082c |last3date=Patel2019-12-17 |first3accessdate=2025-09-17 |init3}}</ref> Any circumcisions performed after the newborn period would not be captured by these statistics. ====Midwest====EU The Midwest has been called the 'circumcision capital of America' because of its higher rates of circumcision. Nevertheless, the popularity of circumcision is declining even in the Midwest. In the Midwest, the incidence of [[circumcision]] has declined to 75 percent, which translates to a [[genital integrity]] rate increase to 25 percent or 1 in 4 boys having an [[intact]] foreskin.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The previous report from 2010 was one boy in five being intact,<ref name="bollinger2017" /> and before that it was 1 in 10 boys being [[intact]], so this in an increase of 250 percent (0.25/0.10 X 100 = 250%) in the rate of [[Intact|author3-linkintactness]] for the Midwest. The still high incidence of circumcision in the Midwest is counterbalanced by the low incidence in the West. === Intactness is the new norm! === |last4[[Intactness]] had previously been shamed in the United States,<ref name=Quin"garrett2023-12-21">{{REFweb |first4url=https://intactamerica.org/foreskin-phobia-intact-penis-shamed/ |init4title=PCForeskin Phobia: How The Intact Penis Has Been Shamed |author4-linklast=Garrett |last5first=GrabowskiConnor |first5init= |init5author-link=MKConnor Judson Garrett |author5-linkpublisher=Intact America |last6date=Tobian2023-12-21 |first6accessdate=2024-05-15}}</ref> but that era has ended. [[Intact America]] called attention to the existence of a "tipping point",<ref>{{REFbook |init6last=AARGladwell |author6-linkfirst=Aaron TobianMalcomb |etalinit=no |titleyear=Trends in Circumcision Among Newborn Males in the US2002 |trans-title=The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference |languageurl=https://www.amazon.com/Tipping-Point-Little-Things-Difference/dp/0316346624?s=books |journalscope=JAMA Pediatrics

|date=2025-09-15 |season= |volume= |issue= |article=e252464 |pagepublisher=Back Bay Books |pages=301 |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/2838312 |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=40952753 |pubmedCID=12439174 |DOIISBN=SBN-10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.2464 0316346624 |accessdate=2025-0912-1701 }}</ref> Although the incidence of [[circumcision of the newborn]] has been gradually declining for decades, this is the first study to report an overall incidence of less than fifty percent. Based on this new information, we can now report that when public opinion would shift toward [[intactness]] is now the NORM among the newborn boys of America. We note that [[Australia]] reported a significant improvement in child health when the incidence of circumcision declined in that nation2016.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.aihw.govintactamerica.auorg/reports/childrendo-you-know-youth/australiasabout-childrenthe-intipping-briefpoint/summary |title=Australia’s childrenDo You Know: in briefAbout the “Tipping Point? |last=AnonymousChapin |first=Georganne

|author-link=Georganne Chapin |publisher=Australian Institute of Health and Welfare |pubmedID= ISBN=978-1-76054-659-5 |DOI=10.25816/5e152818d082cIntact America |date=20192016-1211-1701 |accessdate=20252024-0906-1703}}</ref> Any circumcisions performed after Public opinion in the United States in 2024 has now reached that tipping point. The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn period would not be captured by these statisticsboys has exceeded the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boys since 2022.<ref name="yang2025" />

====Midwest====The Midwest has been called As the present trend continues, [[intactness]] is becoming the 'circumcision capital of more usual, normal, and expected condition among newborn infant boys in America' because of its higher rates of circumcision. Nevertheless, the popularity The incidence of [[circumcision is declining even in the Midwest]] varies geographically so some locations will report higher percentages [[circumcised]].

In the Midwest, the The incidence of harmful, unnecessary, nontherapeutic [[circumcision]] has declined to 75 percent, which translates to a [[genital integrity]] of newborn boys declines at the rate increase to 25 percent or 1 in 4 boys having an [[intact]] foreskinof 0.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The previous report from 2010 was 5 of one boy in five being intact,percentage point per year.<ref name="bollinger2017yang2025" /> and before that it was 1 in 10 boys being [[intact]], so this in an increase of 250 percent (0.25/0.10 X 100 = 250%) in the rate of [[Intact| intactness]] for the Midwest. The still high incidence of circumcision in the Midwest is counterbalanced by the low incidence in the West.

=== Intactness is the new norm =American [[genital integrity]] organizations==

[[Intactness]] had previously been shamed in the United States,<ref name="garrett2023-12-21">{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/foreskin-phobia-intact-penis-shamed/ |title=Foreskin Phobia: How The Intact Penis Has Been Shamed |last=Garrett |first=Connor |init= |author-link=Connor Judson Garrett |publisher=Intact America |date=2023-12-21 |accessdate=2024-05-15}}</ref> but that era has ended. [[Intact America]] called attention to the existence of a "tipping point", when public opinion would shift toward [[intactness]] in 2016.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/do-you-know-about-the-tipping-point/ |title=Do You Know: About the “Tipping Point? |last=Chapin |first=Georganne |init= |author-link=Georganne Chapin |publisher=Intact America |date=2016-11-01 |accessdate=2024-06-03}}</ref> Public opinion in the United States in 2024 has now reached that tipping point. The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn boys now exceeds the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boys.<ref name="yang2025" /> As the present trend continues, [[intactness]] is becoming the more usual, normal, and expected condition among newborn infant boys in America. The incidence of [[circumcision]] varies geographically so some location will report higher percentages [[circumcised]]. ==American [[genital integrity]] organizations== The United States of America now have numerous [[genital integrity]] ([[intactivist]]) organizations working to promote and encourage the protection of the [[physical integrity]] of American boys.

|accessdate=2021-10-21 |format=PDF}}* {{REFjournal |last=Bollinger |init=D |author-link=Dan Bollinger |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321837170_Origins_of_the_Intactivist_Movement_A_Masculine_Foundation |title=Origins of the intactivist movement: A masculine foundation |journal= |date=2017-11-17 |accessdate=2021-10-14}}* {{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-rates/ |title=Circumcision Rates by Country: Why America Is the Outlier |last=Alissa |first=Kristel |init= |author-link=Kristel Alissa |publisher=Intact America |date=2025-07-03 |accessdate=2025-8-03}}{{ABBR}}{{REF}} [[Category:BSM]][[Category:CountriesEnglish-speaking nation]][[Category:Circumcision]][[Category:Country]]