Aggravated battery: Difference between revisions

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'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a legal term for an act of battery, when it "is committed with intent to do serious harm or murder, or when it is done with a dangerous weapon, it is described as aggravated. A weapon is considered dangerous whenever the purpose for using it is to cause death or serious harm. State statutes define aggravated battery in various ways—such as assault with intent to kill. Under such statutes, assault means both battery and assault. It is punishable as a felony in all states."<ref>{{REFweb

'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a legal term for an [https://legaldictionary.net/battery/ act of battery], when it "is committed with intent to do serious harm or murder, or when it is done with a dangerous weapon, it is described as aggravated. A weapon is considered dangerous whenever the purpose for using it is to cause death or serious harm. State statutes define aggravated battery in various ways—such as assault with intent to kill. Under such statutes, assault means both battery and assault. It is punishable as a [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/felony felony] in all states."<ref>{{REFweb

|url=https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Aggravated+battery

|title=Battery

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}}</ref>

</blockquote>

==Circumcision?==

Does the medically-not-indicated, non-therapeutic [[amputation]] of a healthy [[foreskin]] from the [[penis]] of a minor boy without his consent constitute aggravated battery?

Circumcision is the Biblical euphemism used by the [[circumcision industry]] to promote the irreversible surgical excision and [[amputation]] of the [[foreskin]] (AKA prepuce) of the [[penis]] of a human male. The amputation causes [[MGM| genital mutilation]], permanent disfigurement, and permanent loss of function, which causes an increase in medical issues, degrades normal physiological sexual function, and causes psychological issues.

The American circumcision industry has traditionally relied on [[surrogate consent]] for [[circumcision]] granted by a parental surrogate, not the actual child victim, however the Supreme Court of the United States (1944) ruled:

Parents may be free to become martyrs themselves. But it does not follow they are free, in identical circumstances, to make martyrs of their children before they have reached the age of full and legal discretion when they can make that choice for themselves.<ref>Prince v Massachusetts, 21 U.S. 158, 159-60 (1944)</ref>

</blockquote>

Parental surrogates are denied the right to make that choice for their children. Surrogate consent cannot be used to legalize the aggravated battery of foreskin amputation.

==European precedents==

* [[Cologne circumcision court judgment]] (2012)

* [[Re B and G (children) (No 2) EWFC 3]] (2015)

* [[William Stowell]]

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|accessdate=2026-07-11

}}

==Conclusion==

Circumcision of male children is a mutilation of genital tissue that permanently destroys the [[foreskin]] (prepuce) of a male child. It also irreversibly destroys the [[Foreskin#Physiological_functions_of_the_foreskin| protective, immunological, sensory, and sexual functions]] of the foreskin, leaving the male patient at increased risk of disease.<ref name="fendereski2024">{{REFjournal

|last=Fendereski

|first=

|init=K

|author-link=

|last2=Horns

|first2=

|init2=JJ

|author2-link=

|last3=Driggs

|first3=

|init3=N

|author3-link=

|last4=Lau

|first4=

|init4=G

|author4-link=

|last5=Shaeffer

|first5=

|init5=AJ

|author5-link=

|etal=no

|title=Comparing Penile Problems in Circumcised vs. Uncircumcised Boys: Insights From a Large Commercial Claims Database With a Focus on Provider Type Performing Circumcision

|trans-title=

|language=

|journal=J Pediatr Surg

|date=2024-11

|volume=59

|issue=11

|article=161614

|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002234682400407X

|archived=

|quote=

|pubmedID=39084960

|pubmedCID=11486584

|DOI=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.06.022

|accessdate=2025-01-03

}}</reF> It is mutilating and causes permanent disfigurement of the [[penis]]. Circumcision of male children clearly meets all tests for aggravated battery. It cannot be legalized or excused by patient consent because no one has the legal capacity to grant consent for the aggravated battery of non-therapeutic child circumcision.<ref name="hill2003">{{REFjournal

|last=Hill

|first=George

|init=G

|author-link=George Hill

|title=Can anyone authorize the nontherapeutic permanent alteration of a child's body?

|journal=The American Journal of Bioethics

|date=2003

|season=Spring

|volume=3

|issue=2

|pages=16-8

|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/George-Hill-3/publication/371599857_Can_Anyone_Authorize_the_Nontherapeutic_Permanent_Alteration_of_a_Child's_Body/links/648b8819c41fb852dd0949be/Can-Anyone-Authorize-the-Nontherapeutic-Permanent-Alteration-of-a-Childs-Body.pdf

|quote=

|pubmedID=14635628

|pubmedCID=

|DOI=10.1162/152651603766436342

|accessdate=2026-07-11

}}</ref>

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a legal term for an act of battery, when it "is committed with intent to do serious harm or murder, or when it is done with a dangerous weapon, it is described as aggravated. A weapon is considered dangerous whenever the purpose for using it is to cause death or serious harm. State statutes define aggravated battery in various ways—such as assault with intent to kill. Under such statutes, assault means both battery and assault. It is punishable as a felony in all states."<ref>{{REFweb
+'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is a legal term for an [https://legaldictionary.net/battery/ act of battery], when it "is committed with intent to do serious harm or murder, or when it is done with a dangerous weapon, it is described as aggravated. A weapon is considered dangerous whenever the purpose for using it is to cause death or serious harm. State statutes define aggravated battery in various ways—such as assault with intent to kill. Under such statutes, assault means both battery and assault. It is punishable as a [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/felony felony] in all states."<ref>{{REFweb
   |url=https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Aggravated+battery
   |title=Battery
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 }}</ref>
 </blockquote>
+==Circumcision?==
+Does the medically-not-indicated, non-therapeutic [[amputation]] of a healthy [[foreskin]] from the [[penis]] of a minor boy without his consent constitute <i>aggravated battery</i>?
+<i>Circumcision</i> is the Biblical euphemism used by the [[circumcision industry]] to promote the irreversible surgical excision and [[amputation]] of the [[foreskin]] (AKA <i>prepuce</i>) of the [[penis]] of a human male. The amputation causes [[MGM| genital mutilation]], permanent disfigurement, and permanent loss of function, which causes an increase in medical issues, degrades normal physiological sexual function, and causes psychological issues.
+The American circumcision industry has traditionally relied on [[surrogate consent]] for [[circumcision]] granted by a parental surrogate, not the actual child victim, however the Supreme Court of the United States (1944) ruled:
+<blockquote>
+Parents may be free to become martyrs themselves. But it does not follow they are free, in identical circumstances, to make martyrs of their children before they have reached the age of full and legal discretion when they can make that choice for themselves.<ref>Prince v Massachusetts, 21 U.S. 158, 159-60 (1944)</ref>
+</blockquote>
+Parental surrogates are denied the right to make that choice for their children. Surrogate consent cannot be used to legalize the aggravated battery of foreskin amputation.
+==European precedents==
+* [[Cologne circumcision court judgment]] (2012)
+* [[Re B and G (children) (No 2) EWFC 3]] (2015)
 {{SEEALSO}}
 * [[William Stowell]]
@@ Line 41: / Line 54: @@
   |accessdate=2026-07-11
 }}
+==Conclusion==
+Circumcision of male children is a mutilation of genital tissue that permanently destroys the [[foreskin]] (prepuce) of a male child. It also irreversibly destroys the [[Foreskin#Physiological_functions_of_the_foreskin| protective, immunological, sensory, and sexual functions]] of the foreskin, leaving the male patient at increased risk of disease.<ref name="fendereski2024">{{REFjournal
+ |last=Fendereski
+ |first=
+ |init=K
+ |author-link=
+ |last2=Horns
+ |first2=
+ |init2=JJ
+ |author2-link=
+ |last3=Driggs
+ |first3=
+ |init3=N
+ |author3-link=
+ |last4=Lau
+ |first4=
+ |init4=G
+ |author4-link=
+ |last5=Shaeffer
+ |first5=
+ |init5=AJ
+ |author5-link=
+ |etal=no
+ |title=Comparing Penile Problems in Circumcised vs. Uncircumcised Boys: Insights From a Large Commercial Claims Database With a Focus on Provider Type Performing Circumcision
+ |trans-title=
+ |language=
+ |journal=J Pediatr Surg
+ |date=2024-11
+ |volume=59
+ |issue=11
+ |article=161614
+ |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002234682400407X
+ |archived=
+ |quote=
+ |pubmedID=39084960
+ |pubmedCID=11486584
+ |DOI=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.06.022
+ |accessdate=2025-01-03
+}}</reF> It is mutilating and causes permanent disfigurement of the [[penis]]. Circumcision of male children clearly meets all tests for aggravated battery. It cannot be legalized or excused by patient consent because no one has the legal capacity to grant consent for the aggravated battery of non-therapeutic child circumcision.<ref name="hill2003">{{REFjournal
+ |last=Hill
+ |first=George
+ |init=G
+ |author-link=George Hill
+ |title=Can anyone authorize the nontherapeutic permanent alteration of a child's body?
+ |journal=The American Journal of Bioethics
+ |date=2003
+ |season=Spring
+ |volume=3
+ |issue=2
+ |pages=16-8
+ |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/George-Hill-3/publication/371599857_Can_Anyone_Authorize_the_Nontherapeutic_Permanent_Alteration_of_a_Child's_Body/links/648b8819c41fb852dd0949be/Can-Anyone-Authorize-the-Nontherapeutic-Permanent-Alteration-of-a-Childs-Body.pdf
+ |quote=
+ |pubmedID=14635628
+ |pubmedCID=
+ |DOI=10.1162/152651603766436342
+ |accessdate=2026-07-11
+}}</ref>
 {{REF}}