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A '''pheromone''' is a type of ectohormone secreted by an individual and perceived by a second individual of the same or similar species, thereby producing a change in the sexual or social behavior of that individual.<ref name="farlex2012">{{REFweb
A '''pheromone''' is a type of ectohormone secreted by an individual and perceived by a second individual of the same or similar species, thereby producing a change in the sexual or social behavior of that individual.<ref name="farlex2012">{{REFweb
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pheromone
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pheromone
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  |pubmedCID=
  |pubmedCID=
  |DOI=10.1001/archderm.1994.01690080114018
  |DOI=10.1001/archderm.1994.01690080114018
  |accessdate=2021-08-11
  |accessdate=2021-06-11
}}</ref> It has now been shown, however, that the timing of ovulation in women can be controlled by pheromones from the armpit. This is believed to be the explanation of the fact that women living together will frequently develop synchronized menstrual cycles.<ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> It has now been shown, however, that the timing of ovulation in women can be controlled by pheromones from the armpit. This is believed to be the explanation of the fact that women living together will frequently develop synchronized menstrual cycles.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Stern
  |last=Stern
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  |accessdate=2021-06-11
  |accessdate=2021-06-11
}}</ref><ref name="collins2004">{{REFweb
}}</ref><ref name="collins2004">{{REFweb
|last=Anonymous
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pheromone
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pheromone
  |title=Pheromone
  |title=Pheromone
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Fleiss et al. (1998) reported that the moisture found under the foreskin contains pheromones such as androsterone and others.<ref name="fleiss-hodges-vanhowe1998">{{REFjournal
Fleiss et al. (1998) reported that the moisture found under the [[foreskin]] contains pheromones such as androsterone and others.<ref name="fleiss-hodges-vanhowe1998">{{FleissP HodgesF VanHoweRS 1998}}</ref>  
|last=Fleiss
|init=PM
|author-link=Paul M. Fleiss
|last2=Hodges
|init2=FM
|author2-link=Frederick M. Hodges
|last3=Van Howe
|init3=RS
|author3-link=Robert S. Van Howe
|title=Immunological functions of the human prepuce
|journal=Sex Trans Infect
|date=1998-10
|volume=74
|issue=5
|pages=364-67
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1758142/pdf/v074p00364.pdf
|quote=
|pubmedID=10195034
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=
|accessdate=2021-06-11
}}</ref>  


Androsterone is found in the human axilla and skin as well as in the urine. It may also be secreted by human sebaceous glands. It is described as having a musky odor similar to that of androstenol. Androsterone has been found to affect human behavior when smelled.<ref>{{REFbook
Androsterone is found in the human axilla and [[skin]] as well as in the [[urine]]. It may also be secreted by human sebaceous glands. It is described as having a musky odor similar to that of androstenol. Androsterone has been found to affect human behavior when smelled.<ref>{{REFbook
  |last=Maiworm
  |last=Maiworm
  |first=RE
  |init=RE
  |author-link=
  |author-link=
  |last2=Langthaler
  |last2=Langthaler
  |first2=WU
  |init2=WU
  |author2-link=
  |author2-link=
  |year=1992
  |year=1992
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  |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4757-9655-1_88
  |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4757-9655-1_88
  |work=Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 6
  |work=Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 6
  |editor=Richard L. DotyDietland Müller-Schwarze
  |editor=Richard L. Doty, Dietland Müller-Schwarze
  |edition=
  |edition=
  |volume=
  |volume=
  |chapter=
  |chapter=
  |pages=575-579
  |pages=575-9
  |location=New York
  |location=New York
  |publisher=Springer
  |publisher=Springer
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==Conclusion==
==Conclusion==


Many find the musky aroma of the human foreskin to be attractive and stimulating. While the evidence accumulated to date is not strong, there is evidence that the foreskin does emit pheromones.
Many find the musky fragrance of the [[intact]] human [[foreskin]] to be attractive, stimulating, and even arousing, not only because of the musk, but because of the pheromones, which also are present.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.quora.com/Is-the-musky-smell-of-the-male-genital-area-attractive-or-pleasant?share=1
|title=Is the musky smell of the male genital area attractive or pleasant?
|last=
|first=
|website=Quora
|accessdate=2021-06-12
}}</ref> While the evidence accumulated to date is not strong, there is evidence that the [[foreskin]] does emit pheromones.<ref>{{REFweb
|url= https://www.reddit.com/r/uncircumcised_talk/comments/1nnil5g/does_anyone_else_like_the_taste_and_smell_of/
|title=Does anyone else like the taste and smell of unwashed foreskin?
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-09-19
|accessdate=2025-10-07
}}</ref>


Several manufactures offer musk-scented cologne for men.
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin]]
* [[Preputial sac]]
* [[Smegma]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/lies-and-deception/202409/the-scent-of-truth-the-mystery-of-human-pheromones
|title=The Scent of Truth: The Mystery of Human Pheromones
|last=Sun
|first=
|init=L
|author-link=
|publisher=<i>Psychology Today</i>
|date=2024-09-29
|accessdate=2025-02-02
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/uncircumcised_talk/comments/1mtdupv/uncut_aroma/
|title=Uncut aroma
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-08-17
|accessdate=2025-08-20
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/uncircumcised_talk/comments/1pglgir/that_smell/?chainedPosts=t3_1pg6gh9
|title=That smell
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-12-07
|accessdate=2025-12-08
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=Anyone wanna chat about foreskin smell?
|title=Anyone wanna chat about foreskin smell?
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-11
|accessdate=2026-01-09
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/uncircumcised_talk/comments/1s4y3ft/the_big_difference_between_cut_and_uncut_we_dont/?sort=old
|title=The big difference between cut and uncut we don’t talk about enough
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=Reddit
|date=2026-03-27
|accessdate=2026-03-27
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/uncircumcised_talk/comments/1txxc59/foreskin_scent/
|title=Foreskin scent
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=Reddit
|date=2026-06-05
|accessdate=2026-06-06
}}
{{REF}}
{{REF}}


[[Category:Terms]]
 
[[Category:Foreskinned life]]
[[Category:Male sexuality]]
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:Term]]
 
[[de:Pheromon]]
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