Posttraumatic stress disorder: Difference between revisions

WikiAdmin (talk | contribs)
m template name typo
Feeling and mood symptoms: Add external link.
 
(12 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 21: Line 21:
  }}</ref> Prior to that time, the condition was variously called ''shell [[shock]]'' or ''combat fatigue''.  
  }}</ref> Prior to that time, the condition was variously called ''shell [[shock]]'' or ''combat fatigue''.  


The following text is quoted from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Posttraumatic_stress_disorder Wikipedia]:
The following text is quoted from the {{WikipediaQuote|URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-traumatic_stress_disorder|title=Post-traumatic stress disorder}}


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
'''Posttraumatic stress disorder''' ('''PTSD''') may develop after a person is exposed to one or more traumatic events, such as major stress, sexual assault, terrorism, or other threats on a person's life.<ref>American Psychiatric Association (2013). ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 271–280. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.</ref> The diagnosis may be given when a group of symptoms, such as disturbing recurring flashbacks, avoidance or numbing of memories of the event, and hyperarousal, continue for more than a month after the occurrence of a traumatic event.
'''Post-traumatic stress disorder''' ('''PTSD''') may develop after a person is exposed to one or more traumatic events, such as major stress, sexual assault, terrorism, or other threats on a person's life.<ref>American Psychiatric Association (2013). ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 271–280. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.</ref> The diagnosis may be given when a group of symptoms, such as disturbing recurring flashbacks, avoidance or numbing of memories of the event, and hyperarousal, continue for more than a month after the occurrence of a traumatic event.


Most people having experienced a traumatizing event will not develop PTSD.<ref>National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK) (2005). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56494/ "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Management of PTSD in Adults and Children in Primary and Secondary Care"]. NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 26. Gaskell (Royal College of Psychiatrists). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0015848/ Lay summary] – Pubmed Health (plain English).</ref> People who experience assault-based trauma are more likely to develop PTSD, as opposed to people who experience non-assault based trauma such as witnessing trauma, accidents, and fire events.<ref>Zoladz, Phillip (June 2013). "Current status on behavioral and biological markers of PTSD: A search for clarity in a conflicting literature". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37 (5): 860-895. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2013.03.024</ref> Children are less likely to experience PTSD after trauma than adults, especially if they are under ten years of age. War veterans are commonly at risk for PTSD.
Most people having experienced a traumatizing event will not develop PTSD.<ref>National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK) (2005). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56494/ "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Management of PTSD in Adults and Children in Primary and Secondary Care"]. NICE Clinical Guidelines, No. 26. Gaskell (Royal College of Psychiatrists). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0015848/ Lay summary] – Pubmed Health (plain English).</ref> People who experience assault-based trauma are more likely to develop PTSD, as opposed to people who experience non-assault based trauma such as witnessing trauma, accidents, and fire events.<ref>Zoladz, Phillip (June 2013). "Current status on behavioral and biological markers of PTSD: A search for clarity in a conflicting literature". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37 (5): 860-895. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2013.03.024</ref> Children are less likely to experience PTSD after trauma than adults, especially if they are under ten years of age. War veterans are commonly at risk for PTSD.
Line 30: Line 30:


===Child circumcision as a traumatizing event===
===Child circumcision as a traumatizing event===
When an infant boy is to be circumcised, it is the usual practice to immobilize the infant for the [[Pain| painful]] surgery by securely tying his limbs to a molded plastic board specially made for that purpose. The infant thus is preventing from fighting or fleeing, which is the [[trauma]]-producing situation of ''inescapable [[shock]]'', described as a "physical condition in which the organism cannot do anything to affect the inevitable."<ref name="vanderkolk2014B">{{REFbook
When an infant boy is to be [[circumcised]], it is the usual practice to immobilize the infant for the [[Pain| painful]] surgery by securely tying his limbs to a molded plastic board specially made for that purpose called a [[circumstraint]]. The infant thus is preventing from fighting or fleeing, which is the [[trauma]]-producing situation of ''inescapable [[shock]]'', described as a "''physical condition in which the organism cannot do anything to affect the inevitable''."<ref name="vanderkolk2014B">{{REFbook
  |last=van der Kolk
  |last=van der Kolk
  |first=Bessel
  |first=Bessel
Line 50: Line 50:
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


John Rhinehart, M. D., (1999) a clinical psychiatrist, reported finding numerous cases of PTSD in his adult male patients pursuant to infant circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal
John Rhinehart, M. D., (1999) a clinical psychiatrist, reported finding numerous cases of [[PTSD]] in his adult male patients pursuant to infant circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Rhinehart
  |last=Rhinehart
  |first=John
  |first=John
Line 65: Line 65:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Boyle & Ramos (2019) studied boys in the Philippine Islands who had undergone medical circumcision and others who had suffered the traditional "''tuli''" circumcision. Of the boys who had a medical circumcision, 51 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD. Of the boys who had a ''[[tuli]]'' circumcision, 69 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD.<ref>{{REFjournal
Boyle & Ramos (2019) studied boys in the Philippine Islands who had undergone medical circumcision and others who had suffered the traditional "''tuli''" circumcision. Of the boys who had a medical circumcision, 51 percent exhibited symptoms of [[PTSD]]. Of the boys who had a ''[[tuli]]'' circumcision, 69 percent exhibited symptoms of PTSD.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Boyle
  |last=Boyle
  |first=Gregory J.
  |first=Gregory J.
Line 99: Line 99:


* Flashbacks—reliving the traumatic event, and feeling like it happening right now including physical symptoms such as a racing heart or sweating.
* Flashbacks—reliving the traumatic event, and feeling like it happening right now including physical symptoms such as a racing heart or sweating.
* Reoccurring memories or nightmares related to the event.
* Reoccurring memories or [[nightmares]] related to the event.
* Distressing and intrusive thoughts or images.
* Distressing and intrusive thoughts or images.
* Physical sensations like sweating, trembling, pain or feeling sick.
* Physical sensations like sweating, trembling, pain or feeling sick.


Thoughts and feelings can trigger these symptoms, as well as words, objects, or situations that are reminders of the event.
Thoughts and feelings can trigger these symptoms, as well as words, objects, or situations that are reminders of the event.
===Alertness and Reactivity Symptoms===
===Alertness and Reactivity Symptoms===
You may be ‘jittery’, or always alert and on the lookout for danger. You might suddenly become angry or irritable.
You may be ‘jittery’, or always alert and on the lookout for danger. You might suddenly become angry or irritable.
Line 154: Line 155:


{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
 
* [[Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)]]
* [[Tuli]]
* [[Circumstraint]]
* [[Pain]]
* [[Pain]]
* [[Psychological issues of male circumcision]]
* [[Psychological issues of male circumcision]]
* [[Psychiatrist Discusses the Lasting Trauma of Circumcision]]
* [[Psychiatrist Discusses the Lasting Trauma of Circumcision]]
* [[Trauma]]
* [[Trauma]]
* [[Tuli]]


{{LINKS}}
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
* {{REFweb
  |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/HealthyLiving/trauma-and-children-newborns-to-two-years
  |url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/HealthyLiving/trauma-and-children-newborns-to-two-years
Line 195: Line 196:
  |quote=It’s normal for children to exhibit some of these behaviors in the first weeks after a significant trauma occurs. But if the behaviors persist more than 3 months after the initial event, treatment may be needed.
  |quote=It’s normal for children to exhibit some of these behaviors in the first weeks after a significant trauma occurs. But if the behaviors persist more than 3 months after the initial event, treatment may be needed.
}}
}}
 
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/CityCrusherYT/comments/1p16jt1/male_circumcision_mgm_and_ptsd/
|title=Male circumcision (MGM) and PTSD
|last=Anonymous
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-11-19
|accessdate=2025-11-23
}}
{{REF}}
{{REF}}


 
[[Category:Circumcision risk]]
[[Category:Pain]]
[[Category:Pain]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Trauma]]


[[de:Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung]]
[[de:Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung]]