Douglas Gairdner: Difference between revisions
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|url= | |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497911/pdf/bmjcred00601-0041.pdf | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
|pubmedID=20741753 | |pubmedID=20741753 | ||
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|DOI=10.1136/bmj.284.6322.1105 | |DOI=10.1136/bmj.284.6322.1105 | ||
|date=1982 | |date=1982 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate=2023-03-23 | ||
}}</ref> Gairdner's father died in 1928, when Gairdner was 17 years of age. | }}</ref> Gairdner's father died in 1928, when Gairdner was 17 years of age. | ||
Gairdner attended Kelvinside Academy, Glasgow; Dragon School, Oxford; and Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk.<ref name="obit"/> He went to school with W. H. Auden and Benjamin Britten and sang madrigals with classmate Peter Pears.<ref name="obit"/> | Gairdner attended [https://www.kelvinside.org/ Kelvinside Academy, Glasgow]; [https://www.dragonschool.org/ Dragon School, Oxford]; and [https://www.greshams.com/ Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk].<ref name="obit"/> He went to school with W. H. Auden and Benjamin Britten and sang madrigals with classmate Peter Pears.<ref name="obit"/> | ||
He read chemistry at the {{UNI|University of Oxford|Oxon}} but switched to medicine, did clinical training at Middlesex Hospital and was awarded his Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery Degree in 1936.<ref name="obit"/> He did his residency (house physician) in paediatrics at The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street in Bloomsbury, London in 1937-8.<ref name="obit"/><ref name="spence"/> Gairdner described his experience there in a memoir written a half-century later. He wrote, "I recall the sheer enjoyment of working there, but also the periods of overwhelming exhaustion."<ref>{{REFjournal | He read chemistry at the {{UNI|University of Oxford|Oxon}} but switched to medicine, did clinical training at Middlesex Hospital and was awarded his Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery Degree in 1936.<ref name="obit"/> He did his residency (house physician) in paediatrics at [https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/| The Hospital for Sick Children], Great Ormond Street in Bloomsbury, London in 1937-8.<ref name="obit"/><ref name="spence"/> Gairdner described his experience there in a memoir written a half-century later. He wrote, "I recall the sheer enjoyment of working there, but also the periods of overwhelming exhaustion."<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
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==Professional career== | ==Professional career== | ||
Gairdner worked as a fellow in paediatrics at Bellevue Hospital in 1939.<ref name="obit"/> During the Second World War, he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps for five years, retiring with the rank of Major.<ref name="obit"/><ref name="spence"/> | Gairdner worked as a fellow in paediatrics at [https://www.nychealthandhospitals.org/locations/bellevue/ Bellevue Hospital] in 1939.<ref name="obit"/> During the Second World War, he served in the Royal Army Medical Corps for five years, retiring with the rank of Major.<ref name="obit"/><ref name="spence"/> | ||
He became first assistant in the paediatric department at Newcastle upon Tyne where he began to work under Professor Sir James Calvert Spence in 1945.<ref name="spence"/> In 1948, he became a consultant paediatrician at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, and associate lecturer in paediatrics at the {{UNI|University of Cambridge|UCam}}, where he remained until his retirement in 1975.<ref name="spence"/> | He became first assistant in the paediatric department at Newcastle upon Tyne where he began to work under Professor Sir [[James Calvert Spence]] in 1945.<ref name="spence"/> In 1948, he became a consultant paediatrician at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, and associate lecturer in paediatrics at the {{UNI|University of Cambridge|UCam}}, where he remained until his retirement in 1975.<ref name="spence"/> | ||
Gairdner's landmark 1949 article, ''The Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision'',<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref> was described as "a model of perceptive and pungent writing."<ref name="spence" /> It concluded that if [[circumcision]] became uncommon it would result in "the saving of about 16 children's lives lost from circumcision each year in this country..."<ref name="fate1949"/> According to Wallerstein (1985), the article "began to affect the practice of circumcision by the British".<ref>{{REFjournal | Gairdner's landmark 1949 article, ''The Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision'',<ref name="fate1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref> was described as "a model of perceptive and pungent writing."<ref name="spence" /> It concluded that if [[circumcision]] became uncommon it would result in "the saving of about 16 children's lives lost from circumcision each year in this country..."<ref name="fate1949"/> According to Wallerstein (1985), the article "began to affect the practice of circumcision by the British".<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Wallerstein | |last=Wallerstein | ||
|init=E | |init=E | ||
|author-link=Edward Wallerstein | |||
|title=Circumcision: the uniquely American medical enigma | |title=Circumcision: the uniquely American medical enigma | ||
|journal=The Urologic clinics of North America | |journal=The Urologic clinics of North America | ||
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|date=1985 | |date=1985 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate= | ||
}}</ref> Gairdner was pleased with the success of the article.<ref name="obit" /> | }}</ref> Gairdner was pleased with the success of the article.<ref name="obit" /> The National Health Service from its inception in 1948 did not perform non-therapeutic circumcision.<ref name="nhschild">{{REFweb | ||
|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/circumcision-in-boys/ | |||
|archived= | |||
|title=Circumcision in boys | |||
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|publisher=National Health Service | |||
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|date=2018-11-20 | |||
|accessdate=2021-09-05 | |||
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}}</ref> The article by Gairdner provided the needed scientific support for that position. The article also has been credited with initiating the decline of the practice of circumcision in [[New Zealand]]. | |||
Gairdner also opposed unnecessary tonsillectomy, drawing attention to the risks of the operation at the time (1951)<ref>{{REFjournal | Gairdner also opposed unnecessary tonsillectomy, drawing attention to the risks of the operation at the time (1951)<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
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[[Category:Author]] | [[Category:Author]] | ||
[[Category:Researcher]] | [[Category:Researcher]] | ||
[[Category:Physician]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrician]] | |||
[[Category:History]] | [[Category:History]] | ||