Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Difference between revisions
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The '''Adverse Childhood Experience Study''' originated with a questionnaire mailed 13,494 adults. The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) studied included psychological, physical, or sexual abuse; violence against mother; or living with household members who were substance abusers, mentally ill or suicidal, or ever imprisoned. The study revealed that ACEs are closely related to adult health problems. ACEs are strongly associated with high-risk health behaviors in adulthood, such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, promiscuity, and obesity; and with ill health, including depression, heart and lung disease, cancer, and decreased lifespan.<ref name="felitti1998">{{REFjournal | The '''Adverse Childhood Experience Study''' originated with a questionnaire mailed 13,494 adults. The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) studied included psychological, physical, or sexual abuse; violence against mother; or living with household members who were substance abusers, mentally ill or suicidal, or ever imprisoned. The study, which was carried out in the 1990s, did not include infant [[circumcision]].<ref>{{REFbook | ||
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|title=Child genital cutting as an adverse childhood experience | |||
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}}</ref> The study revealed that ACEs are closely related to adult health problems. ACEs are strongly associated with high-risk health behaviors in adulthood, such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, promiscuity, and obesity; and with ill health, including depression, heart and lung disease, cancer, and decreased lifespan.<ref name="felitti1998">{{REFjournal | |||
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}}</ref> Fitzgerald & Walker ( | }}</ref> Fitzgerald & Walker (2003) described the effect of pain on developing nerve pathways.<ref>{{REFbook | ||
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|url=https://www.cirp.org/library/pain/fitzgerald2/ | |url=https://www.cirp.org/library/pain/fitzgerald2/ | ||
|work=Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Pain | |work=Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Pain | ||
|editor= | |editor=Dostovsky JO, Carr DB, Koltzenburg M (eds) | ||
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==Health risks== | |||
ACEs have a dose-response relationship with many health problems. That is, as the number of ACEs accumulates, the greater the health risks to the individual. | |||
ACEs come from the CDC-Kaiser Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, a groundbreaking public health study that discovered that childhood [[trauma]] leads to the adult onset of chronic diseases, depression and other mental illness, violence and being a victim of violence, as well as financial and social problems.<ref name="felitti1998" /> | |||
==Classification of genital cutting== | ==Classification of genital cutting== | ||
Involuntary childhood genital | Involuntary childhood genital cutting — including [[female genital mutilation]], gender-norming surgery of [[intersex]] children, and male [[circumcision]] — is [[Pain| painful]] and [[Trauma| traumatic]] and has been found to permanently alter individuals' sexuality, and to have other lifelong consequences.<ref name="bollinger2023">{{REFjournal | ||
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|url=https://kindredmedia.org/2023/02/adverse-childhood-experiences-dysfunctional-households-and-circumcision/ | |url=https://kindredmedia.org/2023/02/adverse-childhood-experiences-dysfunctional-households-and-circumcision/ | ||
|title=Adverse Childhood Experiences, Dysfunctional Households, | |title=Adverse Childhood Experiences, Dysfunctional Households, and Circumcision. | ||
|journal=Kindred | |journal=Kindred | ||
|date=2023-02-28 | |date=2023-02-28 | ||
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|accessdate=2023-03-01 | |accessdate=2023-03-01 | ||
}}</ref> These early traumas are not yet included on the ACE checklist. | }}</ref> These early traumas are not yet included on the ACE checklist. | ||
[[Dan Bollinger| Bollinger]] (2023) reported a preliminary survey comparing [[intact]] and [[circumcised]] men using the ACE test. The [[circumcised]] men had higher ACE scores than the [[intact]] men. Bollinger has called for additional study to determine if male genital cutting (circumcision) should be classified as an Adverse Childhood Experience.<ref name="bollinger2023" /> | |||
{{SEEALSO}} | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
* [[Circumcision and violence]] | * [[Circumcision and violence]] | ||
* [[Depression]] | |||
* [[Post-traumatic stress disorder]] | |||
* [[Psychological issues of male circumcision]] | * [[Psychological issues of male circumcision]] | ||
* [[Sudden Infant Death Syndrome]] | * [[Sudden Infant Death Syndrome]] | ||
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{{LINKS}} | {{LINKS}} | ||
* [http://adversechildhoodexperiences.net Adverse Childhood Experiences] | * [http://adversechildhoodexperiences.net Adverse Childhood Experiences] | ||
* {{REFweb | |||
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/Intactivism/comments/qbpzqr/trained_medical_professionals_restrain_infant_to/ | |||
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|title=Trained medical professionals restrain infant to amputate part of its body while baby kicks and screams in pain | |||
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* {{REFweb | |||
|url=https://www.verywellmind.com/what-are-aces-adverse-childhood-experiences-5219030 | |||
|title=Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) | |||
|last=Wisner | |||
|first=Wendy | |||
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|publisher=Verywell Mind | |||
|date=2024-08-18 | |||
|accessdate=2025-06-27 | |||
}} | |||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
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[[Category:Term]] | [[Category:Term]] | ||
[[Category:Psychology]] | [[Category:Psychology]] | ||
[[de:Negative Kindheitserlebnisse (ACEs)]] | |||