Posttraumatic stress disorder: Difference between revisions

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   |DOI=10.1016/j.amsu.2019.04.004
   |accessdate=2020-11-28
+}}</ref>
+==Symptoms and signs of PTSD==
+===Re-experiencing Symptoms===
+Re-experiencing is the most typical symptom of PTSD & C-PTSD. This is when a person involuntarily and vividly relives the traumatic event.
+* Flashbacks—reliving the traumatic event, and feeling like it happening right now including physical symptoms such as a racing heart or sweating.
+* Reoccurring memories or nightmares related to the event.
+* Distressing and intrusive thoughts or images.
+* Physical sensations like sweating, trembling, pain or feeling sick.
+Thoughts and feelings can trigger these symptoms, as well as words, objects, or situations that are reminders of the event.
+===Alertness and Reactivity Symptoms===
+You may be ‘jittery’, or always alert and on the lookout for danger. You might suddenly become angry or irritable.
+* Being jumpy and easily startled.
+* Feeling tense, on guard, or “on edge” – this is called hypervigilance.
+* Having difficulty concentrating on even simple and everyday tasks.
+* Having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
+* Feeling irritable and having angry or aggressive outbursts.
+* Self-destructive or reckless behaviour.
+* Aversion or difficulty in tolerating sound.
+===Avoidance Symptoms===
+Trying to avoid being reminded of the traumatic event is another key symptom of PTSD & C-PTSD: avoiding certain people or places that remind you of the trauma, or avoiding talking to anyone about your experience.
+* Staying away from places, events, or objects that are reminders of the experience.
+* Feeling that you need to keep yourself busy all the time.
+* Using alcohol or drugs to avoid memories.
+* Feeling emotionally numb or cut off from your feelings.
+* Feeling numb or detached from your body.
+* Being unable to remember details of the trauma.
+Avoidance symptoms may cause people to change their routines.
+===Feeling and mood symptoms===
+The way you think about yourself and others may change because of the trauma.
+* Trouble remembering key features of the traumatic event.
+* Feeling like you can’t trust anyone.
+* Distorted thoughts about the trauma that cause feelings of blame and guilt.
+* Overwhelming negative emotions, such as fear, sadness, anger, guilt, or shame.
+* Loss of interest in previous activities.
+* Feeling like nowhere is safe.
+* Difficulty feeling positive emotions, such as happiness or satisfaction.<ref>{{REFweb
+ |url=https://www.ptsduk.org/what-is-ptsd/symptoms-of-ptsd/
+ |archived=
+ |title=PTSD-UK
+ |trans-title=
+ |language=
+ |last=
+ |first=
+ |author-link=
+ |publisher=
+ |website=https://www.ptsduk.org
+ |date=2021
+ |accessdate=2021-08-12
+ |format=
+ |quote=When we feel stressed emotionally, our bodies release hormones called cortisol and adrenaline. This is the body’s automatic way of preparing to respond to a threat, sometimes called the ‘fight, flight or freeze‘ response.
 }}</ref>