Trauma: Difference between revisions
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== Circumcision trauma == | == Circumcision trauma == | ||
The consequences of circumcision trauma continue to be questioned.<ref name="batterly2023">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Batterley | |||
|first= | |||
|init=M | |||
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|last2=Metters | |||
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|init2=J | |||
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|last3=Smith | |||
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|init3=D | |||
|author3-link=David Smith | |||
|etal=no | |||
|title=Male Circumcision-Based Trauma: Should it be Shown Greater Recognition? | |||
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|language= | |||
|journal=PsyArXiv | |||
|location= | |||
|date=2023-01-18 | |||
|volume=Preprint | |||
|pages=1-13 | |||
|url=https://psyarxiv.com/4yv62/ | |||
|archived= | |||
|quote= | |||
|DOI=10.31234/osf.io/4yv62 | |||
|accessdate=2026-06-07 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
There are no medical indications for infant [[circumcision]],<ref>{{REFbook | There are no medical indications for infant [[circumcision]],<ref>{{REFbook | ||
|last=Committee on Fetus and Newborn | |last=Committee on Fetus and Newborn | ||
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|ISBN= | |ISBN= | ||
|accessdate=2024-04-03 | |accessdate=2024-04-03 | ||
}}</ref> which is a [[Pain| painful]], traumatic, non-therapeutic, medically-unnecessary invasive | }}</ref> which is a [[Pain| painful]], traumatic, non-therapeutic, medically-unnecessary invasive [[amputation]] of functional tissue.<ref name="garrett2023-12-17">{{REFweb | ||
|url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-trauma/ | |url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-trauma/ | ||
|title=Circumcision Trauma: The Invisible Elephant in the Room | |title=Circumcision Trauma: The Invisible Elephant in the Room | ||
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|date=2023-12-17 | |date=2023-12-17 | ||
|accessdate=2024-05-15 | |accessdate=2024-05-15 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> [[Circumcision of the newborn]] still occurs more than 901,000 times a year in the [[United States]] or about 2,400 times per day.<ref>[Births in the United States, 2024 Births in the United States]</ref> | ||
Circumcision trauma includes physical trauma,<ref name="boyle2002">{{BoyleGJ GoldmanR SvobodaJS FernandezE 2002}}</ref> sexual trauma,<ref name="remennick2022">{{REFjournal | |||
|last=Remennick | |last=Remennick | ||
|first= | |first= | ||
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|date=2023-11-04 | |date=2023-11-04 | ||
|accessdate=2024-06-02 | |accessdate=2024-06-02 | ||
}}</ref> Batteley, Metters & Smith (2023) state, in addition to the physical risks, the psychological risks should receive attention.<ref name=" | }}</ref> Batteley, Metters & Smith (2023) state, in addition to the physical risks, the psychological risks should receive attention.<ref name="batterly2023"> | ||
[[Dan Bollinger| Bollinger]] (2023) reported a preliminary survey comparing [[intact]] and [[circumcised]] men using the ACE test. The [[circumcised]] men had higher ACE scores than the [[intact]] men. Bollinger has called for additional study to determine if male genital cutting (circumcision) should be classified as an [[Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)| Adverse Childhood Experience]].<ref name="bollinger2023">{{REFjournal | [[Dan Bollinger| Bollinger]] (2023) reported a preliminary survey comparing [[intact]] and [[circumcised]] men using the ACE test. The [[circumcised]] men had higher ACE scores than the [[intact]] men. Bollinger has called for additional study to determine if male genital cutting (circumcision) should be classified as an [[Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)| Adverse Childhood Experience]].<ref name="bollinger2023">{{REFjournal | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Although the [[medical trade association| medical trade associations]], which promote harmful child circumcision for their profit, minimize its effects, the trauma from [[circumcision]] is an extremely serious matter. Professor [[Jonathan A. Allan]] (2024) has devoted an entire chapter in his book to the issue of circumcision trauma.<ref name="allan2024">{{REFbook | Although the [[medical trade association| medical trade associations]], which promote harmful child circumcision for their [[Financial incentive| profit]], minimize its effects, the trauma from [[circumcision]] is an extremely serious matter. Professor [[Jonathan A. Allan]] (2024) has devoted an entire chapter in his book to the issue of circumcision trauma.<ref name="allan2024">{{REFbook | ||
|last=Allan | |last=Allan | ||
|first= | |first= | ||