Difference between revisions of "Laws against FGM"
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↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa
(September 2018).
↑ a b
(25 January 2019).
↑ a b
(1 May 2020).
↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar
(12 November 2008).
↑ Somaliland is a self-proclaimed independent state and de facto functioning as such, but internationally recognized as part of Somalia.
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|accessdate=2020-05-02 | |accessdate=2020-05-02 | ||
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− | }}</ref> Sierra Leone | + | }}</ref> Sierra Leone criminalized FGM in January 2019,<ref name="SLReuters">{{REFweb |
|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-leone-women-fgm/sierra-leone-bans-fgm-in-clampdown-on-secret-societies-idUSKCN1PJ1WH | |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-leone-women-fgm/sierra-leone-bans-fgm-in-clampdown-on-secret-societies-idUSKCN1PJ1WH | ||
|title=Sierra Leone bans FGM in clampdown on secret societies | |title=Sierra Leone bans FGM in clampdown on secret societies | ||
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|publisher=CNN | |publisher=CNN | ||
|date=2020-05-01 | |date=2020-05-01 | ||
− | }}</ref> Some Western countries, where FGM has not been traditionally practiced but where immigrants from traditionally FGM-practicing countries have moved to in the 20th and 21st century, have also | + | }}</ref> Some Western countries, where FGM has not been traditionally practiced but where immigrants from traditionally FGM-practicing countries have moved to in the 20th and 21st century, have also criminalized FGM (12 countries as of November 2008).<ref name="CRR 2008">{{REFweb |
|url=https://www.reproductiverights.org/document/female-genital-mutilation-fgm-legal-prohibitions-worldwide | |url=https://www.reproductiverights.org/document/female-genital-mutilation-fgm-legal-prohibitions-worldwide | ||
|title=Female Genital Mutilation (FGM): Legal Prohibitions Worldwide | |title=Female Genital Mutilation (FGM): Legal Prohibitions Worldwide | ||
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! ! class="unsortable"| Notes | ! ! class="unsortable"| Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | {{flag|Australia}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1994–7<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || | + | | {{flag|Australia}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1994–7<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || criminalized in 6/8 states as of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> |
|- | |- | ||
| {{flag|Belgium}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2000<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | | {{flag|Belgium}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2000<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | ||
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| {{flag|Senegal}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1999<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of September 2018.<ref name="28TM 2018"/> | | {{flag|Senegal}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1999<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of September 2018.<ref name="28TM 2018"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | {{flag|Sierra Leone}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2019 || | + | | {{flag|Sierra Leone}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2019 || criminalized in 2019.<ref name="SLReuters"/> |
|- | |- | ||
| {{flag|Somalia}} || {{CRecurring|Legal}} || || As of September 2018.<ref name="28TM 2018"/> | | {{flag|Somalia}} || {{CRecurring|Legal}} || || As of September 2018.<ref name="28TM 2018"/> | ||
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| {{flag|Spain}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2003<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | | {{flag|Spain}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2003<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | {{flag|Sudan}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2020 || | + | | {{flag|Sudan}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 2020 || criminalized in 2020.<ref name="SudanCNN"/> |
|- | |- | ||
| {{flag|Sweden}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1982<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || New law enacted in 1998.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | | {{flag|Sweden}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1982<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || New law enacted in 1998.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | ||
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| {{flag|United Kingdom}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1985<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | | {{flag|United Kingdom}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1985<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || As of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | {{flag|United States}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1996<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || | + | | {{flag|United States}} || {{CMain|Illegal}} || 1996<ref name="CRR 2008"/> || Criminalized federally in 1996 and in 17/50 states (during 1994–2006) as of November 2008.<ref name="CRR 2008"/> |
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 18:27, 2 May 2020
Construction Site
This article is work in progress and not yet part of the free encyclopedia IntactiWiki.
(The following text or part of it is quoted from the free Wikipedia article Female genital Mutilation: Legislation
:)
In September 2018, FGM was illegal in 22 of the 28 most FGM-prevalent countries in Africa.[1] Sierra Leone criminalized FGM in January 2019,[2] Sudan did so in May 2020.[3] Some Western countries, where FGM has not been traditionally practiced but where immigrants from traditionally FGM-practicing countries have moved to in the 20th and 21st century, have also criminalized FGM (12 countries as of November 2008).[4]
Country | Status | Since | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Australia | Illegal | 1994–7[4] | criminalized in 6/8 states as of November 2008.[4] |
Belgium | Illegal | 2000[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Benin | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Burkina Faso | Illegal | 1996[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Cameroon | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Canada | Illegal | 1997[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Central African Republic | Illegal | 1966[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Chad | Legal | A 2002 bill banning FGM hasn't yet been enacted as of September 2018.[1] | |
Côte d’Ivoire | Illegal | 1998[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Cyprus | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Denmark | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Djibouti | Illegal | 1994[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Egypt | Illegal | 2008[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Eritrea | Illegal | 2007[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Ethiopia | Illegal | 2004[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
The Gambia | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Ghana | Illegal | 1994[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Guinea | Illegal | 1965[4] | New law enacted in 2000.[4] |
Guinea Bissau | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Italy | Illegal | 2005[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Kenya | Illegal | 2001[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Liberia | Legal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Mali | Legal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Mauritania | Illegal | 2005[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
New Zealand | Illegal | 1995[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Niger | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Nigeria | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Norway | Illegal | 1995[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Senegal | Illegal | 1999[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Sierra Leone | Illegal | 2019 | criminalized in 2019.[2] |
Somalia | Legal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Somaliland[5] | Legal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
South Africa | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
South Sudan | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
Spain | Illegal | 2003[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
Sudan | Illegal | 2020 | criminalized in 2020.[3] |
Sweden | Illegal | 1982[4] | New law enacted in 1998.[4] |
Tanzania | Illegal | 1998[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Togo | Illegal | 1998[4] | As of September 2018.[1] |
Uganda | Illegal | As of September 2018.[1] | |
United Kingdom | Illegal | 1985[4] | As of November 2008.[4] |
United States | Illegal | 1996[4] | Criminalized federally in 1996 and in 17/50 states (during 1994–2006) as of November 2008.[4] |
See also
![REFweb](https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/thumb/Global-Network-icon.png/20px-Global-Network-icon.png)
The law and FGM. An overview of 28 African countries, 28 Too Many. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
![REFweb](https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/thumb/Global-Network-icon.png/20px-Global-Network-icon.png)
Sierra Leone bans FGM in clampdown on secret societies, Reuters.
![REFweb](https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/thumb/Global-Network-icon.png/20px-Global-Network-icon.png)
Sudanese government bans female genital mutilation, CNN.
![REFweb](https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/thumb/Global-Network-icon.png/20px-Global-Network-icon.png)
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM): Legal Prohibitions Worldwide, Center for Reproductive Rights. Retrieved 2 May 2020.