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[[Image:PEPFAR.png|right|thumb|PEPFAR]]
[[Image:PEPFAR.png|right|thumb|PEPFAR]]
The '''President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief''' ('''PEPFAR''') is a United States governmental initiative to address the global HIV epidemic and help save the lives of those suffering from the disease. Launched by U.S. President George W. Bush in 2003, PEPFAR has provided more than $80 billion in cumulative funding for HIV/AIDS treatment, prevention, and research since its inception, making it the largest global health program focused on a single disease in history.
The '''President's Emergency Plan For AIDS Relief''' ('''PEPFAR''') is a United States governmental initiative to address the global HIV epidemic and help save the lives of those suffering from the disease. Launched by U.S. President George W. Bush in 2003, PEPFAR has provided more than $85 billion in cumulative funding for HIV/AIDS treatment, prevention, and research since its inception, making it the largest global health program focused on a single disease in history.


PEPFAR has begun providing money (United States tax dollars) for male circumcision programs.<ref>{{REFweb
PEPFAR has begun providing money (United States tax dollars) for male circumcision programs.<ref>{{REFweb
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  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60uUA0uGOkc#t=22m38s
  |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=60uUA0uGOkc#t=22m38s
  |accessdate=2011-04-10
  |accessdate=2011-04-10
}}</ref> Focus countries have been invited to request program funding to increase access to the procedure. According to Kent Hill (assistant administrator for [[USAID]]), funding will increase to be "an important part" of PEPFAR programs in coming years.<ref>{{REFweb
}}</ref> Focus countries have been invited to request program funding to increase access to the procedure.  
|last=Medical News TODAY
|first=
|date=2007-08-22
|title=PEPFAR To Begin Providing Funds For Male Circumcision Programs In Some African Countries, Officials Say
|url=http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/80219.php
|accessdate=2011-03-30
}}</ref>


PEPFAR discontinued the provision of non-therapeutic circumcision of boys under age 15 in November 2019 due to significant abuses and complications.
PEPFAR ignominiously ended the provision of non-therapeutic circumcision of boys under age 15 in November 2019 due to significant abuses and complications.


For more, see [[USAID]], [[Centers for Disease Control|CDC]], and the [[National Institutes of Health|NIH]].
For more, see [[USAID]], [[Centers for Disease Control|CDC]], and the [[National Institutes of Health|NIH]].
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{{Citation
{{Citation
  |Title=PEPFAR Press Conference
  |Title=PEPFAR Press Conference
  |Text=I'm pleased to note that USAID will play a signifigant role, with NIH, PEPFAR, and others [...] Swaziland, where we're all working in partnership to increase circumcision [...] to more than 80% in less than one year. It's the kind of example of a rapid scale-up [...] that can really make a difference [...] we can scale them up rapidly and do that in a successful and focussed way. [...] I want to share with you my deep respect for what you do, for your work and commitment. For proving to the world, that often didn't believe you could reach such high treatment numbers, or you could acheive such  rapid scale-up of circumcision [...] We take great inspiration from that [...]
  |Text=I'm pleased to note that USAID will play a significant role, with NIH, PEPFAR, and others [...] Swaziland, where we're all working in partnership to increase circumcision [...] to more than 80% in less than one year. It's the kind of example of a rapid scale-up [...] that can really make a difference [...] we can scale them up rapidly and do that in a successful and focussed way. [...] I want to share with you my deep respect for what you do, for your work and commitment. For proving to the world, that often didn't believe you could reach such high treatment numbers, or you could achieve such  rapid scale-up of circumcision [...] We take great inspiration from that [...]
  |Author=
  |Author=
  |Source=The White House
  |Source=The White House
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Note that the 60% is a relative risk reduction (absolute risk reduction 1.31%) during 18 months - not life-long.<ref name="boyle2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref>
Note that the 60% is a relative risk reduction (absolute risk reduction 1.31%) during 18 months - not life-long.<ref name="boyle2011">{{BoyleGJ HillG 2011}}</ref>
==President Obama announces bold new AIDS commitment 2011==
President Obama commemorated World AIDS Day by stepping up America’s commitment to the fight against AIDS, both domestically and internationally. In addition to his broad rhetoric on the importance — and feasibility — of ending AIDS, he made a number of specific commitments. The US will (among other commitments) provide support for more than 4.7 million voluntary medical male circumcisions in Eastern and Southern Africa over the next two years.<REF>{{REFweb
|last=
|first=
|date=2011-12-01
|title=President Obama announces bold new AIDS commitments
|url=http://www.one.org/us/2011/12/01/president-obama-announces-bold-new-aids-commitments/
|accessdate=2012-12-29
}}</ref>


== Swaziland ==
== Swaziland ==
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  |accessdate=2011-05-06
  |accessdate=2011-05-06
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
== PEFPAR promoting infant circumcision ==
"Typically, USAID’s policy is to circumcise males between the ages of 15 to 49, as one part of a comprehensive HIV/AIDS program. However, with encouragement from PEPFAR, the Raleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital in Manzini, has led the way on infant circumcision, circumcising all male children born at the hospital since 2009 unless the parents opt out. This is a health facility delivering 8,000 babies a year where half of the women are HIV-positive). Prevention of mother to child transmission is now complemented with infant circumcision."<REF>{{REFweb
|last=
|first=
|date=2011-11-14
|title=The PEFPAR ripple effect
|url=http://www.one.org/us/2011/11/14/the-pepfar-ripple-effect/
|accessdate=2012-12-29
}}</ref>


From the PEPFAR Swaziland Operational Plan Report FY 2011 (emphasis added):<REF>{{REFweb
From the PEPFAR Swaziland Operational Plan Report FY 2011 (emphasis added):<REF>{{REFweb
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</center>
</center>
<br>
<br>
[[George C. Denniston]], M. D., M. P. H., the president of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)| Doctors Opposing Circumcision]], in a letter to Ambassador Deborah L. Birx, M.D., M. P. H., dated 29 June 2020, the head of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)  has called on PEPFAR to suspend the provision of male [[circumcision]] because it is ineffective and may increase the reception of HIV infection due to the loss of [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological protections]] of the [[foreskin]], and to focus on the provision of anti-retroviral therapy and condoms.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument
[[George C. Denniston]], M. D., M. P. H., the president of [[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)| Doctors Opposing Circumcision]], in a letter to Ambassador Deborah L. Birx, M.D., M. P. H., dated 29 June 2020, the head of the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), has called on PEPFAR to suspend the provision of male [[circumcision]] because it is ineffective and may increase the reception of HIV infection due to the loss of [[Immunological and protective function of the foreskin| immunological protections]] of the [[foreskin]], and to focus on the provision of anti-retroviral therapy and condoms.<ref name="denniston2020">{{REFdocument
  |title=Letter to Deborah L. Birx, M. D.
  |title=Letter to Deborah L. Birx, M. D.
  |url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/2020-06-15b_LettertoPEPFAR.pdf
  |url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/images/2020-06-15b_LettertoPEPFAR.pdf
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  }}</ref></blockquote>
  }}</ref></blockquote>


[[George Hill]], CFI, ATR, wrote to Deborah L. Birx on 28 January 2021 regarding her lack of action and to transmit a copy of the article by Fish ''et al''. (2020).<ref name="hill2021">{{REFdocument
[[George Hill]], CFI, ATR, acting for Doctors Opposing Circumcision, wrote to Deborah L. Birx on 28 January 2021 regarding her lack of action and to transmit a copy of the article by Fish ''et al''. (2020).<ref name="hill2021">{{REFdocument
  |title=Letter to Deborah L. Birx
  |title=Letter to Deborah L. Birx
  |url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/w/images/2021-01-28A_LetterBirx_516.pdf
  |url=https://pool.intactiwiki.org/w/images/2021-01-28A_LetterBirx_516.pdf
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* [[Circumcision and HIV]]
* [[Circumcision and HIV]]
* [[World Health Organization]]


{{LINKS}}
{{LINKS}}
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