New Zealand: Difference between revisions
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The incidence of male neonatal non-therapeutic medically unnecessary [[circumcision]] in New Zealand among white New Zealanders rose to about 95 percent in the 1940s. The incidence of male neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision started to decline about 1950. The decline seems to have been triggered by the publication of [[Douglas Gairdner]]'s classic 1949 paper, ''The Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision''.<ref name="gairdner1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref> | The incidence of male neonatal non-therapeutic medically unnecessary [[circumcision]] in New Zealand among white New Zealanders rose to about 95 percent in the 1940s. The incidence of male neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision started to decline about 1950. The decline seems to have been triggered by the publication of [[Douglas Gairdner]]'s classic 1949 paper, ''The Fate of the Foreskin: A Study of Circumcision''.<ref name="gairdner1949">{{GairdnerDM 1949}}</ref> | ||
Dr Phil Silva reported that 40.3 percent of boys born in 1972-3 in the [https://dunedinstudy.otago.ac.nz/ Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study] were circumcised. | Dr Phil Silva reported that 40.3 percent of boys born in 1972-3 in the [https://dunedinstudy.otago.ac.nz/ Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study] were [[circumcised]]. | ||
The incidence of circumcision was reported at 0.35 percent among New Zealander boys in 1995.<ref name="mcgrath-young2001">{{REFbook | The incidence of circumcision was reported at 0.35 percent among New Zealander boys in 1995.<ref name="mcgrath-young2001">{{REFbook | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
The [http://www.nzma.org.nz/ New Zealand Medical Association] estimated in 2001 that about one percent of Caucasian boys were being circumcised, but nearly 100 percent of Tongan, Samoan, and Jewish boys are being circumcised.<ref name="bone2001">{{REFnews | The [http://www.nzma.org.nz/ New Zealand Medical Association] estimated in 2001 that about one percent of Caucasian boys were being [[circumcised]], but nearly 100 percent of Tongan, Samoan, and Jewish boys are being circumcised.<ref name="bone2001">{{REFnews | ||
|title=The First Cut | |title=The First Cut | ||
|url=http://www.cirp.org/news/listener11-17-01/ | |url=http://www.cirp.org/news/listener11-17-01/ | ||
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==Demographics and distribution== | ==Demographics and distribution== | ||
The males in New Zealand who are circumcised are mostly older men. The percentage of males who are circumcised is gradually declining as older circumcised males die off and are replaced by younger [[intact]] males. Almost no white males under 35-years-of-age are circumcised. | The males in New Zealand who are [[circumcised]] are mostly older men. The percentage of males who are circumcised is gradually declining as older circumcised males die off and are replaced by younger [[intact]] males. Almost no white males under 35-years-of-age are circumcised. | ||
The Maori people who constitute about 17 percent of the population do not circumcise.<ref name="mcgrath-young2001" /> | The Maori people who constitute about 17 percent of the population do not circumcise.<ref name="mcgrath-young2001" /> | ||