Psychological injury of male circumcision: Difference between revisions

Trauma of circumcision: Restore inadvertent deletion.
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==Trauma of circumcision==
==Trauma of circumcision==
Ramos & Boyle (2001) studied the psychological effects of [[circumcision]] on Philippine boys. They reported that sixty-nine percent of traditionally circumcised boys and fifty-one percent of medically circumcised boys met the criteria for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder ([[PTSD]]).<ref name="ramos-boyle2001">{{REFbook
Bollinger & Chapin (1999) documented the extremely painful and traumatic nature of infant circumcision.<ref name="bollinger2019">{{REFdocument
|title=Child Genital Cutting as an Adverse Childhood Experience
|trans-title=
|language=English
|url=http://adversechildhoodexperiences.net/CGC_as_an_ACE.pdf
|archived=
|contribution=
|quote=
|trans-quote=
|quote-lang=
|last=Bollinger
|first=Dan
|author-link=Dan Bollinger
|last2=Chapin
|first2=Georganne
|author2-link=Georganne Chapin
|publisher=Intact America
|location=Tarrytown, New York, USA
|format=PDF
|date=2019-08-01
|accessdate=2021-06-30
}}</ref>    Ramos & Boyle (2001) studied the psychological effects of [[circumcision]] on Philippine boys. They reported that sixty-nine percent of traditionally circumcised boys and fifty-one percent of medically circumcised boys met the criteria for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder ([[PTSD]]).<ref name="ramos-boyle2001">{{REFbook
  |last=Ramos
  |last=Ramos
  |first=Samuel
  |first=Samuel