Psychological injury of male circumcision: Difference between revisions
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==Trauma of circumcision== | ==Trauma of circumcision== | ||
Ramos & Boyle (2001) studied the psychological effects of [[circumcision]] on Philippine boys. They reported that sixty-nine percent of traditionally circumcised boys and fifty-one percent of medically circumcised boys met the criteria for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder ([[PTSD]]).<ref name="ramos-boyle2001">{{REFbook | Bollinger & Chapin (1999) documented the extremely painful and traumatic nature of infant circumcision.<ref name="bollinger2019">{{REFdocument | ||
|title=Child Genital Cutting as an Adverse Childhood Experience | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|language=English | |||
|url=http://adversechildhoodexperiences.net/CGC_as_an_ACE.pdf | |||
|archived= | |||
|contribution= | |||
|quote= | |||
|trans-quote= | |||
|quote-lang= | |||
|last=Bollinger | |||
|first=Dan | |||
|author-link=Dan Bollinger | |||
|last2=Chapin | |||
|first2=Georganne | |||
|author2-link=Georganne Chapin | |||
|publisher=Intact America | |||
|location=Tarrytown, New York, USA | |||
|format=PDF | |||
|date=2019-08-01 | |||
|accessdate=2021-06-30 | |||
}}</ref> Ramos & Boyle (2001) studied the psychological effects of [[circumcision]] on Philippine boys. They reported that sixty-nine percent of traditionally circumcised boys and fifty-one percent of medically circumcised boys met the criteria for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder ([[PTSD]]).<ref name="ramos-boyle2001">{{REFbook | |||
|last=Ramos | |last=Ramos | ||
|first=Samuel | |first=Samuel | ||