Shock: Difference between revisions

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=== Traumatic hemorrhagic shock ===

The early complications of circumcision are bleeding, pain, inadequate [[skin]] removal, and surgical site infection, but they usually tend to be minor. Of these, bleeding is the most common complication of circumcision. Bleeding may occur along the [[skin]] edges between sutures or from a discrete blood vessel, most commonly at the frenulum.<ref>{{REFjournal

The early complications of circumcision are [[bleeding]], [[pain]], inadequate [[skin]] removal, and surgical site [[infection]], but they usually tend to be minor. Of these, bleeding is the most common complication of circumcision. Bleeding may occur along the [[skin]] edges between sutures or from a discrete blood vessel, most commonly at the [[frenulum]].<ref>{{REFjournal

|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005087/

|title=Hypovolemic Shock after Circumcision

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Parents are very often misled by the statement by doctors and nurses that the child did not feel anything and is now sleeping peacefully. Often the parents are not present at the circumcision either. Newborns do not yet have any or only very few blockers of the nociceptors that transmit [[pain]] sensations to the brain.

When circumcision techniques last several minutes, children often go into a freeze, which was previously misinterpreted as falling asleep peacefully and which led to the belief that babies felt no pain. Measurements in such cases resulted in an usually 3 to 4 times increased cortisol value, which corresponds to a severe [[shock]] state.<ref>{{REFjournal

When circumcision techniques last several minutes, children often go into a freeze, which was previously misinterpreted as falling asleep peacefully and which led to the belief that babies felt no [[pain]]. Measurements in such cases resulted in an usually 3 to 4 times increased cortisol value, which corresponds to a severe [[shock]] state.<ref>{{REFjournal

|last=Gunnar

|init=MR

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}}</ref>

We owe the perception of [[pain]] to so-called nociceptors, free nerve endings that are excited when the body is injured or damaged. These specialized nerve cells are distributed all over the body; they send their signals via the spinal cord to the brain, where the excitation is then processed and interpreted as pain. The number of nociceptors exceeds that of all other receptors and their reporting system is largely independent of other sensory channels such as the sensation of warmth or touch. This shows how central the perception of pain is for the organism.<ref>{{REFweb

We owe the perception of [[pain]] to so-called nociceptors, free nerve endings that are excited when the body is injured or damaged. These specialized nerve cells are distributed all over the body; they send their signals via the spinal cord to the brain, where the excitation is then processed and interpreted as [[pain]]. The number of nociceptors exceeds that of all other receptors and their reporting system is largely independent of other sensory channels such as the sensation of warmth or touch. This shows how central the perception of pain is for the organism.<ref>{{REFweb

|url=https://www.dasgehirn.info/wahrnehmen/fuehlen/schmerzlich-aber-unabdingbar

|title=Schmerzlich, aber unabdingbar

@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 === Traumatic hemorrhagic shock ===
-The early complications of circumcision are bleeding, pain, inadequate [[skin]] removal, and surgical site infection, but they usually tend to be minor. Of these, bleeding is the most common complication of circumcision. Bleeding may occur along the [[skin]] edges between sutures or from a discrete blood vessel, most commonly at the frenulum.<ref>{{REFjournal
+The early complications of circumcision are [[bleeding]], [[pain]], inadequate [[skin]] removal, and surgical site [[infection]], but they usually tend to be minor. Of these, bleeding is the most common complication of circumcision. Bleeding may occur along the [[skin]] edges between sutures or from a discrete blood vessel, most commonly at the [[frenulum]].<ref>{{REFjournal
   |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4005087/
   |title=Hypovolemic Shock after Circumcision
@@ Line 73: / Line 73: @@
 Parents are very often misled by the statement by doctors and nurses that the child did not feel anything and is now sleeping peacefully. Often the parents are not present at the circumcision either. Newborns do not yet have any or only very few blockers of the nociceptors that transmit [[pain]] sensations to the brain.
-When circumcision techniques last several minutes, children often go into a freeze, which was previously misinterpreted as falling asleep peacefully and which led to the belief that babies felt no pain. Measurements in such cases resulted in an usually 3 to 4 times increased cortisol value, which corresponds to a severe [[shock]] state.<ref>{{REFjournal
+When circumcision techniques last several minutes, children often go into a freeze, which was previously misinterpreted as falling asleep peacefully and which led to the belief that babies felt no [[pain]]. Measurements in such cases resulted in an usually 3 to 4 times increased cortisol value, which corresponds to a severe [[shock]] state.<ref>{{REFjournal
   |last=Gunnar
   |init=MR
@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 }}</ref>
-We owe the perception of [[pain]] to so-called nociceptors, free nerve endings that are excited when the body is injured or damaged. These specialized nerve cells are distributed all over the body; they send their signals via the spinal cord to the brain, where the excitation is then processed and interpreted as pain. The number of nociceptors exceeds that of all other receptors and their reporting system is largely independent of other sensory channels such as the sensation of warmth or touch. This shows how central the perception of pain is for the organism.<ref>{{REFweb
+We owe the perception of [[pain]] to so-called nociceptors, free nerve endings that are excited when the body is injured or damaged. These specialized nerve cells are distributed all over the body; they send their signals via the spinal cord to the brain, where the excitation is then processed and interpreted as [[pain]]. The number of nociceptors exceeds that of all other receptors and their reporting system is largely independent of other sensory channels such as the sensation of warmth or touch. This shows how central the perception of pain is for the organism.<ref>{{REFweb
   |url=https://www.dasgehirn.info/wahrnehmen/fuehlen/schmerzlich-aber-unabdingbar
   |title=Schmerzlich, aber unabdingbar