Phimosis: Difference between revisions

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Lichen Scleroses, formerly called [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]] when it occurs in males, hardens the [[foreskin]] and makes it non-retractable.<ref name="milos2022-09-19" />

In pathological phimosis, the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans without injury, due to a lack of elasticity caused by scarring or hardening.

In [[pathological phimosis]], the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans without injury, due to a lack of elasticity caused by scarring or hardening.

Repeated infections of the tight foreskin cause this scarring. Also, forceful attempts to retract the foreskin cause tearing with subsequential scarred [[phimosis]]. [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans| Lichen sclerosus]], that first leads to adhesion and then to shrinking, can also be the cause of [[phimosis]]. This rare, non-contagious chronic [[skin]] disease is partly genetically caused and considered incurable.<ref>{{URLwikipedia|Lichen_sclerosus|Lichen sclerosus|2019-09-25}}</ref>

Pathological phimosis usually requires treatment.

[[Pathological phimosis]] usually requires treatment.

A [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| circumcision]] may be indicated in severe cases of pathological phimosis, where neither non-surgical methods with corticosteroid cream nor foreskin-preserving [[preputioplasty]] are promising (for example with chronic balanitis xerotica obliterans) or have failed in previous attempts.

A [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| circumcision]] may be indicated in severe cases of pathological phimosis, where neither non-surgical methods with corticosteroid cream nor foreskin-preserving [[preputioplasty]] are promising (for example with chronic [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]]) or have failed in previous attempts.

== Short frenulum (frenulum breve) ==

@@ Line 545: / Line 545: @@
 Lichen Scleroses, formerly called [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]] when it occurs in males, hardens the [[foreskin]] and makes it non-retractable.<ref name="milos2022-09-19" />
-In pathological phimosis, the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans without injury, due to a lack of elasticity caused by scarring or hardening.
+In [[pathological phimosis]], the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans without injury, due to a lack of elasticity caused by scarring or hardening.
 Repeated infections of the tight foreskin cause this scarring. Also, forceful attempts to retract the foreskin cause tearing with subsequential scarred [[phimosis]]. [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans| Lichen sclerosus]], that first leads to adhesion and then to shrinking, can also be the cause of [[phimosis]]. This rare, non-contagious chronic [[skin]] disease is partly genetically caused and considered incurable.<ref>{{URLwikipedia|Lichen_sclerosus|Lichen sclerosus|2019-09-25}}</ref>
-Pathological phimosis usually requires treatment.
+[[Pathological phimosis]] usually requires treatment.
-A [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| circumcision]] may be indicated in severe cases of pathological phimosis, where neither non-surgical methods with corticosteroid cream nor foreskin-preserving [[preputioplasty]] are promising (for example with chronic balanitis xerotica obliterans) or have failed in previous attempts.
+A [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| circumcision]] may be indicated in severe cases of pathological phimosis, where neither non-surgical methods with corticosteroid cream nor foreskin-preserving [[preputioplasty]] are promising (for example with chronic [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]]) or have failed in previous attempts.
 == Short frenulum (frenulum breve) ==