Child circumcision: Difference between revisions
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Histology of the male circumcision scar shows amputation neuromas, Schwann cell proliferation and the bulbous collection of variably sized neurites. Amputation neuromas do not mediate normal sensation and are notorious for generating pain.<ref>{{REFjournal | Histology of the male circumcision scar shows amputation neuromas, Schwann cell proliferation and the bulbous collection of variably sized neurites. Amputation neuromas do not mediate normal sensation and are notorious for generating pain.<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
| last=Cold | |last=Cold | ||
| first=C.J. | |first=C.J. | ||
| coauthors=J.R. Taylor | |coauthors=J.R. Taylor | ||
| title=The prepuce | |title=The prepuce | ||
| journal=British Journal of Urology International | |journal=British Journal of Urology International | ||
| volume=83 | |volume=83 | ||
| issue= | |issue= | ||
| pages=34-44 | |pages=34-44 | ||
| url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/cold-taylor/ | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/cold-taylor/ | ||
| quote= | |quote= | ||
| pubmedID=10349413 | |pubmedID=10349413 | ||
| pubmedCID= | |pubmedCID= | ||
| DOI= | |DOI= | ||
| date=1999-1 | |date=1999-1 | ||
| accessdate= | |accessdate= | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
=== Death === | === Death === | ||
A study in 2010 estimated approximately 117 neonatal circumcision-related deaths occur annually in the United States, about one out of every 77 male neonatal deaths, more than suffocation, auto accidents, or even SIDS.<ref>{{REFjournal | A study in 2010 estimated approximately 117 neonatal circumcision-related deaths occur annually in the United States, about one out of every 77 male neonatal deaths, more than suffocation, auto accidents, or even SIDS.<ref name="Bollinger 2010">{{REFjournal | ||
| last=Bollinger | |last=Bollinger | ||
| first=Dan | |first=Dan | ||
| coauthors=Boy's Health Advisory | |author-link=Dan Bollinger | ||
| title=Lost Boys: An Estimate of U.S. Circumcision-Related Infant Deaths | |coauthors=Boy's Health Advisory | ||
| journal=Thymos: Journal of Boyhood Studies | |title=Lost Boys: An Estimate of U.S. Circumcision-Related Infant Deaths | ||
| volume=4 | |journal=Thymos: Journal of Boyhood Studies | ||
| issue=1 | |volume=4 | ||
| pages=78-90 | |issue=1 | ||
| url=http://www.mensstudies.com/content/b64n267w47m333x0/?p=7ebbd6b446d940cbbd4274c095754b12π=5 | |pages=78-90 | ||
| quote= | |url=http://www.mensstudies.com/content/b64n267w47m333x0/?p=7ebbd6b446d940cbbd4274c095754b12π=5 | ||
| pubmedID= | |quote= | ||
| pubmedCID= | |pubmedID= | ||
| DOI=10.3149/thy.0401.78 | |pubmedCID= | ||
| date=2010-04-26 | |DOI=10.3149/thy.0401.78 | ||
| accessdate= | |date=2010-04-26 | ||
|accessdate=2019-10-12 | |||
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb | }}</ref><ref>{{REFweb | ||
| quote= | | quote= | ||
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| date=2010-04-26 | | date=2010-04-26 | ||
| accessdate= | | accessdate= | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> See also the list of [[fatalities]]. | ||
== Forced circumcision == | == Forced circumcision == | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
In recent years, legal writers in several English-speaking countries have been questioning the practice of acceding to parental wishes.<ref>See, e.g., Somerville, "Therapeutic and Non-Therapeutic Medical Procedures"; Poulter, ''English Criminal Law''; Chessler, "Justifying the Unjustifiable"; Smith, "Male Circumcision."</ref> For example, critics have pointed out that, in the United States, more than 1.3% of male neonatal deaths are attributable to the complications of non-therapeutic circumcision surgery.<ref | In recent years, legal writers in several English-speaking countries have been questioning the practice of acceding to parental wishes.<ref>See, e.g., Somerville, "Therapeutic and Non-Therapeutic Medical Procedures"; Poulter, ''English Criminal Law''; Chessler, "Justifying the Unjustifiable"; Smith, "Male Circumcision."</ref> For example, critics have pointed out that, in the United States, more than 1.3% of male neonatal deaths are attributable to the complications of non-therapeutic circumcision surgery.<ref name="Bollinger 2010"/>refer<ref>{{REFweb | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
|url=http://www.icgi.org/2010/04/infant-circumcision-causes-100-deaths-each-year-in-us | |url=http://www.icgi.org/2010/04/infant-circumcision-causes-100-deaths-each-year-in-us | ||
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|last=Bollinger | |last=Bollinger | ||
|first=Dan | |first=Dan | ||
|author-link= | |author-link=Dan Bollinger | ||
|publisher=International Coalition for Genital Integrity | |publisher=International Coalition for Genital Integrity | ||
|date=2010-04-26 | |date=2010-04-26 | ||