Development of retractable foreskin: Difference between revisions
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}}</ref> The mistaken belief that the foreskin was supposed to be retractable at the time of birth of the infant has led to a characterization of the genitalia of most infant males as defective at birth. This has led to many false diagnoses of [[phimosis]], followed by unnecessary [[circumcision]], when, in fact, the foreskin is developmentally normal. | }}</ref> The mistaken belief that the foreskin was supposed to be retractable at the time of birth of the infant has led to a characterization of the genitalia of most infant males as defective at birth. This has led to many false diagnoses of [[phimosis]], followed by unnecessary [[circumcision]], when, in fact, the foreskin is developmentally normal. | ||
Normally, developmental non-retractability does not cause any problems. Non-retractability may be deemed pathological if it causes problems, such as difficulty urinating or performing normal sexual functions, but even then, this is rare, and, if the non-retractability itself is not caused by pathological inflammation, it cannot be called "pathological" or "true phimosis." A foreskin that is so narrow it will retract very little or not at all, but is not the result of a pathological inflammation, is accurately termed ''preputial stenosis'' (narrow prepuce), and will respond to treatment including steroid creams, manual stretching, and changing masturbation habits. | |||
Normally, developmental non-retractability does not cause any problems. Non-retractability may be deemed | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
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|issue=Sept/Oct | |issue=Sept/Oct | ||
|pages=26 | |pages=26 | ||
|url= | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/beauge2/ | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
|pubmedID= | |pubmedID= | ||
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|DOI= | |DOI= | ||
|date=1997 | |date=1997 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate=2019-10-18 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
* Application of topical steroid ointment<ref>{{REFjournal | * Application of topical steroid ointment<ref>{{REFjournal | ||
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|issue=2 | |issue=2 | ||
|pages=307-310 | |pages=307-310 | ||
|url= | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/orsola1/ | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
|pubmedID= | |pubmedID= 10925099 | ||
|pubmedCID= | |pubmedCID= | ||
|DOI= | |DOI=10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00576-8 | ||
|date=2000 | |date=2000 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate=2019-10-18 | ||
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal | }}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Ashfield | |last=Ashfield | ||
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|issue=3 | |issue=3 | ||
|pages=1106-1108 | |pages=1106-1108 | ||
|url= | |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/treatment/phimosis/ashfield1/ | ||
|quote= | |quote= | ||
|pubmedID= | |pubmedID=12576863 | ||
|pubmedCID= | |pubmedCID= | ||
|DOI= | |DOI=10.1097/01.ju.0000048973.26072.eb | ||
|date=2003 | |date=2003-03 | ||
|accessdate= | |accessdate=2019-10-18 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||