20,872
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m
→Observations
The Belgian minister of health replied that the Federal Institute for Health Insurance cannot check and know whether in (individual cases) a circumcision is medically justified or not and that she will continue to reimburse circumcision of minors as the safety of the child is her primary concern and she wants to avoid botched circumcisions by non-medical circumcisers.
== Observations Patient exploitation ==
The non-therapeutic [[circumcision industry]] in the [[United States]] costs more than $3.6 billion annually.<ref name="bollinger2012">{{REFweb
|date=2012
|accessdate=2021-11-12
|format=PDF |quote=As the saying goes, follow the money. }} Now you know why neither the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]], American Medical Association, [[American Academy of Family Physicians]], or the [[American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists| American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists]] haven’t condemned this unnecessary surgery, and why their physician members are quick to recommend the procedure to expectant parents.}}</ref> [[Third-party payment]] is a major support to the performance of this injurious medically-unnecessary surgery. If parents could not grant consent for non-therapeutic circumcision, then no one could grant consent for the non-therapeutic circumcision of a child, so the $3.6 billion annual business would collapse. The American [[Medical trade association| medical trade associations]], more than those of other nations, have been unwilling to recognize the child's right [[human rights]] to [[physical integrity]], to security of the person, and the right to personal autonomy. The performance of harmful, medically not indicated circumcision upon a child simply to collect a surgical fee must be regarded as <b>patient exploitation</b>.
==Is circumcision without valid consent battery?==
Boyle et al. (2004) have argued that non-therapeutic circumcision of boys is "assault",<ref>{{BoyleGJ SvobodaJS PriceCP TurnerJN 2000}}</ref> but is it actually battery?