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Battery Simple battery is defined as:
→Is circumcision without valid consent battery?: Add text and citation.
}}</ref> [[Third-party payment]] is a major support to the performance of this injurious medically-unnecessary surgery. If parents could not grant consent for non-therapeutic circumcision, then no one could grant consent for the non-therapeutic circumcision of a child, so the $3.6 billion annual business would collapse. The American [[Medical trade association| medical trade associations]], more than those of other nations, have been unwilling to recognize the child's right to [[physical integrity]], to security of the person, and the right to personal autonomy.
==Is circumcision without valid consent battery?==
<blockquote>
At common law, an intentional unpermitted act causing harmful or offensive contact with the "person" of another.<ref>{{REFweb
</blockquote>
Aggravated battery is defined as:
<blockquote>
Aggravated battery is one of the most serious forms of battery . It usually involves a physical act or contact with another person without that person's consent and with an intention to cause harm. Usually, this involves some form of serious injury. Aggravated battery can result in temporary disfigurement, permanent disfigurement, irreparable harm, greater bodily harm, serious risk of death, loss of a limb or body part requiring surgery.
When an individual uses a “ deadly weapon ” during an attack, this will usually be interpreted by most states as aggravated battery. Deadly weapons include guns, knives, rocks, bricks, and even boots. They refer to any weapons that are able to cause harm. A person who has committed an aggravated battery will be charged with a high level misdemeanor or felony.{{REFweb
|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/aggravated_battery
|title=aggravated battery
|last=
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=Legal Information Institute
|date=2025-02
|accessdate=2025-06-29
}}
</blockquote>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Brian D. Earp]]