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→Violation of boy's right to Autonomy: Add citation.
Such providers have legal and ethical duties to their child patients to render competent medical care based on what the patient needs, not what someone else expresses. Although impasses regarding the interests of minors and the expressed wishes of their parents or guardians are rare, the pediatrician's responsibilities to his or her patient exist independent of parental desires or proxy consent.<ref name="bioethics1995" />
</blockquote>
The Committee on Bioethics (2016) said:
<blockquote>
Physicians have both a moral obligation and a legal responsibility to question and, if necessary, to contest both the surrogate’s and the patient’s medical decisions if they put the patient at significant risk of serious harm.<ref name="bioethics2016">{{REFjournal
|last=Katz
|first=
|init=Al
|author-link=
|last2=Macauley
|first2=
|init2=RC
|author2-link=
|last3=Mercurio
|first3=
|init3=MR
|author3-link=
|last4=Moon
|first4=
|init4=MR
|author4-link=
|last5=Okun
|first5=
|init5=AL
|author5-link=
|last6=Opel
|first6=
|init6=DJ
|author6-link=
|last7=Statter
|first7=
|init7=MB
|author7-link=
|etal=no
|title=Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice
|trans-title=
|journal=Pediatrics
|date=2016-08
|volume=138
|issue=2
|page=e20161484
|url=https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/138/2/e20161484/52512/Informed-Consent-in-Decision-Making-in-Pediatric
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=27456514
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1542/peds.2016-1484
|accessdate=2025-07-12
}}</ref>
</blockquote>
===Other ethical violations===