Difference between revisions of "Mohel"

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A '''''mohel''''' (Hebrew מוֹהֵל moˈhel, Ashkenazi pronunciation ˈmɔɪ.əl, plural: מוֹהֲלִים ''mohalim'' mo.haˈlim, מוֹהֲלָא ''mohala'', "circumciser") is a Jewish person trained in the practice of ''[[Brit Milah|brit milah]]'', the "covenant of [[circumcision]]."
 
A '''''mohel''''' (Hebrew מוֹהֵל moˈhel, Ashkenazi pronunciation ˈmɔɪ.əl, plural: מוֹהֲלִים ''mohalim'' mo.haˈlim, מוֹהֲלָא ''mohala'', "circumciser") is a Jewish person trained in the practice of ''[[Brit Milah|brit milah]]'', the "covenant of [[circumcision]]."
  
−
Under Jewish law, a mohel must draw blood from the circumcision wound. Most mohels do it by hand with a suction device, but some Orthodox groups use their mouth to draw blood after cutting the foreskin.<ref>Hartog, Kelly. [http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218 Death spotlights old circumcision rite], JewishJournal.com, 17 February 2005 Retrieved 2 February 2015</ref> <ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6898403/ Rabbi probed for circumcised infants' herpes], nbcnews.com, 2 February 2005 Retrieved 2 February 2015</ref> <ref>Distel R, Hofer V, Bogger-Goren S, Shalit I, Garty BZ. "Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision". ''Isr Med Assoc J'' 2003;5:893–4, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14689764</ref> <ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23680909Penile herpes simplex virus type 1 infection presenting two and a half years after Jewish ritual circumcision of an infant]. ''Sex Transm Dis''. 2013 Jun;40(6):516-7. </ref> The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded fatalities.<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm CDC: Neonatal HSV Infection from Circumcision-Related Orogenital Suction] Baum SG: ''Morb Mortal Wkly Rep'' 2012 Jun 8; 61: see page 405–409. Retrieved 2 February 2015.</ref>
+
Under Jewish law, a mohel must draw blood from the circumcision wound. Most mohels do it by hand with a suction device, but some Orthodox groups use their mouth to draw blood after cutting the foreskin.<ref>{{REFjournal
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A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes simplex virus|HSV]] infections in Israel identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>Amir Koren, ''et al''. [http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf (PDF) Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections in Israel] ''Pediatr Infect Dis J''. 2013 32:120-123 Retrieved 2 February 2015.</ref>
+
|last=Hartog
 +
|first=Kelly
 +
|init=K
 +
|url=http://www.jewishjournal.com/community_briefs/article/death_spotlights_old_circumcision_rite_20050218
 +
|title=Death spotlights old circumcision rite
 +
|journal=JewishJournal.com
 +
|date=2005-02-17
 +
|accessdate=2015-02-02
 +
}}</ref><ref>{{REFweb
 +
|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6898403/
 +
|title=Rabbi probed for circumcised infants' herpes
 +
|publisher=nbcnews.com
 +
|date=2005-02-02
 +
|accessdate=2015-02-02
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
Holt (1913) reported tubercular ''mohels'' were transmitting tuberculosis to infant boys.<ref name="holt1913">{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Holt
 +
|init=LE
 +
|author-link=L. Emmett Holt
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|title=Tuberculosis acquired through ritual circumcision
 +
|journal=JAMA
 +
|date=1913-07-12
 +
|volume=61
 +
|issue=2
 +
|pages=99-102
 +
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/complications/holt1/
 +
|DOI=10.1001/jama.1913.0435002002501
 +
|accessdate=2019-10-28
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
The ancient practice (called ''[[Metzitzah b'peh]]'') infects baby boys with herpes.<ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Distel
 +
|init=R
 +
|last2=Hofer
 +
|init2=V
 +
|last3=Bogger-Goren
 +
|init3=S
 +
|last4=Shalit
 +
|init4=I
 +
|last5=Garty
 +
|init5=BZ
 +
|title=Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision
 +
|journal=Isr Med Assoc J
 +
|date=2003
 +
|volume=5
 +
|pages=893–894
 +
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14689764
 +
|pubmedID=14689764
 +
|accessdate=2019-10-25
 +
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23680909
 +
|title=Penile herpes simplex virus type 1 infection presenting two and a half years after Jewish ritual circumcision of an infant
 +
|journal=Sex Transm Dis
 +
|date=2013 Jun
 +
|volume=40
 +
|issue=6
 +
|pages=516-517
 +
|accessdate=2019-10-25
 +
}}</ref> The [https://www.cdc.gov/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded [[fatalities]].<ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|url=http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6122a2.htm
 +
|title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011
 +
|publisher=CDC
 +
|last=Baum
 +
|init=SG
 +
|journal=Morb Mortal Wkly Rep
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|date=2012-06-08
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|volume=61
 +
|pages=405–409
 +
|accessdate=2019-10-25
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
A 2013 review of cases of neonatal [[Herpes]] infections in [[Israel]] identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.<ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Koren
 +
|first=Amir
 +
|init=A
 +
|etal=yes
 +
|url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/files/herpes-simplex-neonates-israel-7-cases-8-years-koren_nhsv_infections_israel_pid_2013.pdf
 +
|format=PDF
 +
|title=Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections in Israel
 +
|journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J
 +
|date=2013
 +
|volume=32
 +
|pages=120-123
 +
|accessdate=2019-10-25
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
[[Urinary tract infection]] (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a ''mohel''.<ref>{{REFjournal
 +
|last=Amir
 +
|init=J
 +
|etal=yes
 +
|url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/article-abstract/513140
 +
|title=Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infections in Infants
 +
|journal=Am J Dis Child
 +
|date=1986
 +
|volume=140
 +
|page=1092
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 +
Four New York baby boys have contracted ''herpes'' from the ''mohel'' in six months.<ref>{{REFnews
 +
|title=4 NY babies get herpes from Jewish circumcision rite in past 6 months
 +
|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/4-ny-babies-get-herpes-from-jewish-circumcision-rite-in-past-6-months/?fbclid=IwAR0Q8OYtpB_YUekqB2yktzIUlwc4DdceAnQQ2-SR8aKz71lFYtWCsWCjsck
 +
|last=Oster
 +
|first=Marcy
 +
|coauthors=
 +
|publisher=The Times of Israel
 +
|website=
 +
|date=2020-02-20
 +
|accessdate=2020-04-12
 +
|quote=
 +
}}</ref>
 +
 
 
</blockquote>
 
</blockquote>
 +
==Pain==
 +
[[EMLA]] cream topical anesthetic may be purchased without a prescription. [[EMLA]] is almost completely ineffective against the [[pain]] of circumcision,<ref name="lander1997">{{LanderJ etal 1997}}</ref> however it reputedly is popular with ''mohelim''.
 +
 +
{{SEEALSO}}
 +
* [[Abrahamic covenant]]
 +
* [[Brit Milah]]
 +
* [[Metzitzah b'peh]]
 +
* [[Yitzhok Fischer]]
  
 
{{REF}}
 
{{REF}}
 +
 
[[Category:Jewish]]
 
[[Category:Jewish]]
 
[[Category:Mohel]]
 
[[Category:Mohel]]

Latest revision as of 09:54, 25 March 2024

From the English Wikipedia:

A mohel (Hebrew מוֹהֵל moˈhel, Ashkenazi pronunciation ˈmɔɪ.əl, plural: מוֹהֲלִים mohalim mo.haˈlim, מוֹהֲלָא mohala, "circumciser") is a Jewish person trained in the practice of brit milah, the "covenant of circumcision."

Under Jewish law, a mohel must draw blood from the circumcision wound. Most mohels do it by hand with a suction device, but some Orthodox groups use their mouth to draw blood after cutting the foreskin.[1][2]

Holt (1913) reported tubercular mohels were transmitting tuberculosis to infant boys.[3]

The ancient practice (called Metzitzah b'peh) infects baby boys with herpes.[4][5] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a warning in 2012 about the health implications of this practice, citing 11 cases of neonatal HSV and two recorded fatalities.[6]

A 2013 review of cases of neonatal Herpes infections in Israel identified ritual circumcision as the source of HSV-1 transmission in 31.8% of the cases.[7]

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is associated with ritual circumcision by a mohel.[8]

Four New York baby boys have contracted herpes from the mohel in six months.[9]

Pain

EMLA cream topical anesthetic may be purchased without a prescription. EMLA is almost completely ineffective against the pain of circumcision,[10] however it reputedly is popular with mohelim.

See also

References

  1. ↑ REFjournal Hartog K. Death spotlights old circumcision rite. JewishJournal.com. 17 February 2005; Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  2. ↑ REFweb (2 February 2005). Rabbi probed for circumcised infants' herpes, nbcnews.com. Retrieved 2 February 2015.
  3. ↑ REFjournal Holt LE. Tuberculosis acquired through ritual circumcision. JAMA. 12 July 1913; 61(2): 99-102. DOI. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  4. ↑ REFjournal Distel R, Hofer V, Bogger-Goren S, Shalit I, Garty BZ. Primary genital herpes simplex infection associated with Jewish ritual circumcision. Isr Med Assoc J. 2003; 5: 893–894. PMID. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  5. ↑ REFjournal Penile herpes simplex virus type 1 infection presenting two and a half years after Jewish ritual circumcision of an infant. Sex Transm Dis. June 2013; 40(6): 516-517. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  6. ↑ REFjournal Baum SG. (CDC) Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Following Jewish Ritual Circumcisions that Included Direct Orogenital Suction — New York City, 2000–2011. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 8 June 2012; 61: 405–409. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  7. ↑ REFjournal Koren A, et al. Neonatal Herpes Simplex virus infections in Israel PDF. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013; 32: 120-123. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
  8. ↑ REFjournal Amir J, et al. Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infections in Infants. Am J Dis Child. 1986; 140: 1092.
  9. ↑ REFnews Oster, Marcy (20 February 2020)."4 NY babies get herpes from Jewish circumcision rite in past 6 months", The Times of Israel. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  10. ↑ REFjournal Lander J, Brady-Frerer B, Metcalfe JB, Nazerali S, Muttit S. Comparison of ring block, dorsal penile nerve block, and topical anesthesia for neonatal circumcision. JAMA. 24 December 1997; 278(24): 2157-64. PMID. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
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