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}}</ref> Child circumcision did not become firmly established in Israel until after [[Gilgal]] in 1604 BCE, more than two centuries after the death of Abraham. According to Glick, the priests gained control after the Babylonian captivity, which ended in 538 BCE and at that time the changes were made to Genesis Chapter Seventeen. Glick suggests that the choice to require circumcision of infant boys may have been because the boys cannot put up resistance.<ref name="glick2005" /> It is clear that the alleged covenant that required circumcision of male infants on the eighth day was a later fabrication by circumcised Judean priests and did not come from God. Modern psychology offers an explanation for such behavior by the circumcised priests. Male circumcision is a highly traumatic surgical amputation that affects its victims for life. Van der Kolk (1989) has shown that traumatized persons are compelled to repeat their trauma on themselves or others.<ref name="vanderkolk1989">{{REFjournal |last=van der Kolk |first=Bessel |author-link= |etal=no |title=The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism |trans-title= |language= |journal=Psychiatr Clin North Am |location= |date=1989-06 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=389-411 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/ |quote= |pubmedID=2664732 |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2020-03-03}}</ref> The compulsion of circumcised men to repeat the [[Psychiatrist Discusses the Lasting Trauma of Circumcision| trauma of circumcision]] is seen in the huge numbers of men with [[adamant father syndrome]]. It appears that the circumcised priests ascribed their compulsion to an edict of God.