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Preliminary investigation has established an association between child After the medical community belatedly learned that infants actually feel pain, Howard, Howard, & Weitzman (1994) tested the use of acetaminophen (paracetamol) for post-surgical pain following neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision and alexithymia and autism spectrum disorder. Association does ''not'' establish cause and <ref name="howard1994">{{REFjournal |last=Howard |first=Cynthia R. |author-link= |last2=Howard |first2=Fred M. |author2-link= |last3=Weitzman |first3=Michael L. |author3-link= |etal=no |title=Acetaminophen analgesia in neonatal circumcision: the effecton pain |trans-title= |language=English |journal=Pediatrics |location= |date=1994-04 |volume=93 |issue=4 |pages=641-6 |url=https://www. More investigation and research is neededi2researchhub.org/articles/acetaminophen-analgesia-in-neonatal-circumcision/ |archived= |quote= |pubmedID=8134222 |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2020-11-09Bollinger and Van Howe }}</ref> The relief by this mild analgesic was slight, but doctors started to prescribe acetaminophen (paracetamol) to relieve the post-circumcision surgical pain of newborn boys. An increase in the incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has occurred. Bauer & Krebel (20112013) associate [[Alexithemia| alexithymia]] with have shown an ecological link between the trauma use of acetaminophen for post-circumcisionpain and ASD.<ref name="bollinger2011bauer2013")>{{REFjournal |last=Bollinger Bauer |first=DanAnn |author-link=Dan Bollinger |last2=Van HoweKriebel |first2=Robert S.David |author2-link=Robert S. Van Howe
Add ASD section.
|accessdate=2019-12-05
}}</ref></blockquote>
==Behavioral effects of unanesthetized infant circumcision==
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</blockquote>
===Feelings and behavior of circumcised men===
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==More research neededAutism spectrum disorder==
|etal=no
|title=Alexithymia Prenatal and Circumcision Traumaperinatal analgesic exposureand autism: A Preliminary Investigationan ecological link
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=International Journal of Men’s Environ Health
|location=
|date=20112013-05-09 |volume=1012 |issue=2 |pages=184-9541 |url=https://pdfswww.ncbi.semanticscholarnlm.orgnih.gov/pmc/articles/676dPMC3673819/b908ff4629702b99da6d77739d1300370bd4.pdf |archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=23656698 |pubmedCID=3673819 |DOI=10https://www.ncbi.3149/jmhnlm.1002nih.184gov/pmc/articles/PMC3673819/ |accessdate=20192020-1211-1214
}}</ref>
Morten & Simonsen (2015) associate associated neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision with autism spectrum disorder.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Frisch
|first=Morten
|first2=Jacob
|author2-link=
|etal=yesno
|title=Ritual circumcision and risk of autism spectrum disorder in 0- to 9-year-old boys: national cohort study in Denmark
|trans-title=
|accessdate=2019-12-10
}}</ref>
==More research needed==
Preliminary investigation has established an association between child circumcision and alexithymia and autism spectrum disorder. Association does ''not'' establish cause and effect. More investigation and research is needed.
Bollinger and Van Howe (2011) associate [[Alexithemia| alexithymia]] with the trauma of circumcision.<ref name="bollinger2011">{{REFjournal
|last=Bollinger
|first=Dan
|author-link=Dan Bollinger
|last2=Van Howe
|first2=Robert S.
|author2-link=Robert S. Van Howe
|etal=no
|title=Alexithymia and Circumcision Trauma: A Preliminary Investigation
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=International Journal of Men’s Health
|location=
|date=2011
|volume=10
|issue=2
|pages=184-95
|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/676d/b908ff4629702b99da6d77739d1300370bd4.pdf
|quote=
|pubmedID=
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.3149/jmh.1002.184
|accessdate=2019-12-12
}}</ref>
{{SEEALSO}}