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Pain
,→Finding an ethical way to do painful non-therapeutic circumcision
====Finding an ethical way to do painful non-therapeutic circumcision====
The circumcision industry suddenly found itself in a predicament. It was now suddenly proven beyond the shadow of a doubt that newborn boys feel pain. Medical ethics and the standard of care now required pain relief, however it is dangerous to give general anesthesia to neonates. Wallerstein (1985) had proposed that routine (non-therapeutic) circumcision of boys be eliminated just as routine tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy had been eliminated,<refname="wallerstein1985">{{REFjournal
|last=Wallerstein
|first=Edward
|title=Circumcision: the uniquely American medical enigma
|trans-title=
|language=English
|journal=Urol Clin North Am
|location=
}}</ref>
* Ring Block. Broadman ''et al''. (1987) proposed ring block for neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision.<refname="broadman1987">{{REFjournal
|last=Broadman
|first=
|DOI=10.1097/00000542-198709000-00019
|accessdate=2020-11-18
}}</ref> Ring block is considered the most effective analgesic procedure for neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Infant boys feel less pain and suffer less trauma than with the other two procedures.<refname="stang1997">{{REFjournal
|last=Stang
|first=Howard J.
The standard of care now requires analgesia if elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision is to be carried out.
<b>None of the three procedures described above totally eliminate pain. A boy will still experience some pain with any of those procedures. Prevention of pain requires protecting a boy from elective neonatal non-therapeutic circumcision. Non-circumcised intact boys feel no pain or trauma.</b>
==Video==