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[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
removed parent category
== Definition ==
In medicine, a complication is the undesired development or the unexpectedly difficult course of a disease, [[trauma ]] or therapy. Complications are therefore secondary events.
In relation to drug therapy, the term "side effect" is used rather than "complication".
Complications of a disease can arise from many different mechanisms, for example through
* spread of inflammatory processes (e.g. septicemia in an abscess);
* [[bleeding ]] complications (e.g. with anticoagulation);* dysregulation (e.g. [[shock]]);
* chronic tissue damage (e.g. neuropathy in diabetes mellitus).
|first3=Lauren
|init3=L
|author3-link=Lauren Sardi
|title=Systematic review of complications arising from male circumcision
|journal=BJUI Compass
# [[Phimosis]] (referring to pathological phimosis)
# [[Sudden Infant Death Syndrome|Sudden infant death syndrome]]
# [[Haemorrhage]] ([[bleeding]]) (outside of a genetic deficiency)
# [[Nonhealing wound]]
# [[Scrotum|Scrotal injuries]]
# [[Intraperitoneal bladder perforation]] (leading to life-threatening renal failure)
# Circulatory [[shock]]
# [[Death]] (from [[bleeding ]] or infection)
# [[Unsatisfactory cosmetic results including uncircumcised appearance]]
# [[Device displacement]]
# [[Excessive skin removal]]
# [[Urethral injury|Injury to urethra]]
== Other complications ==
* '''Rupture of the ear drum:''' The website [[Saving Our Sons (SoS)]] reported in 2017 about a hearing test for a boy where the doctor asked if the boy was [[circumcised]]. After being asked if that was a relevant question, the doctor stated that sometimes an ear drum can burst while they are [[Pain|crying]] during the [[circumcision]].<ref>{{REFweb
|url=http://www.joseph4gi.com/2017/09/drs-may-ask-if-baby-is-circumcised-for.html
|title=Drs. May Ask If Baby Is Circumcised for a Hearing Test - Here's Why
|website=Joseph4GI
|date=2017-09-01
|accessdate=2022-04-22
}}</ref>
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Risks and complications]]
* [[Documented severe complications of circumcision]]
* [[Trauma]]
{{LINKS}}
* {{REFweb
|url=httphttps://www.cirp.org/library/complications/
|title=Complications of circumcision
|last=
|last=
|first=
|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision(D.O.C.)]]
|format=PDF
|date=2016-07
|accessdate=2022-01-13
}}
* {{REFbook
|last=Fahmy
|first=Mohamed
|init=M
|year=2009
|title=Complications in Male Circumcision
|url=http://circumcisionharm.org/images-circharm.org/Fahmy%20Ch%2010,%2011,%20title,%20TofC.pdf
|scope=193
|isbn=978-0-323-68127-8
|accessdate=2022-03-16
}}
{{REF}}
[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
[[Category:Term]]
[[de:Komplikation]]