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formattings; wikify China
A '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' among surgeons has been reported by the ''South China Morning Post''.<ref name="scmp2024">{{REFnews
|title=‘Sexual shame’: China holds online professional circumcision contest to correct misconceptions, promote positive attitudes, levels of acceptance
|format=
|quote=For many people on the mainland, circumcision is viewed as a “shameful body modification” and there is a lack of accurate understanding of the procedure.
}}</ref>The contest appears to have been organized by a Chinese [[medical trade association]] to promote the services of its urologist members.
The reasons for these circumcisions are unclear. The [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] has long stated that "there are no medical indications for [[circumcision]] in the neonatal period."<refname="aap1971">{{REFbook
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|ISBN=
|accessdate=2024-03-21
}}</ref> Religions that require [[circumcision ]] are little practiced in [[China]].
The article alluded to a possible improvement in sexual function,<ref name="scmp2024" /> however there is little, if any evidence to support that view.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://sciencenordic.com/denmark-gender-hiv/male-circumcision-leads-to-a-bad-sex-life/1371590
|archived=
|title=Male circumcision leads to a bad sex life
|trans-title=
|language=
|last=Ebdrup
|first=Niels
|author-link=
|publisher=ScienceNordic
|website=
|date=2011-11-14
|accessdate=2024-03-21
|format=
|quote=When the penis enters the vagina, the foreskin is pulled back. And on its way out again, the foreskin goes back to cover the penis head. This way the foreskin stimulates both the man and the woman.
}}</ref>
The SCMP reports a prevalence of circumcision of 14 percent in [[China]],<ref name="scmp2024" /> which is far in excess of all medical requirements. Gordon & Collin (1993) estimated that only 1 to 2 percent of boys actually need a circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Gordon
|first=
|init=A
|author-link=
|last2=Collin
|first2=
|init2=J
|author2-link=
|etal=no
|title=Save the Normal Foreskin
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=BMJ
|location=
|date=1993-01-02
|volume=306
|issue=6869
|pages=1-2
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1676363/pdf/bmj00001-0005.pdf
|archived=
|quote=
|pubmedID=8435567
|pubmedCID=1676363
|DOI=10.1136/bmj.306.6869.1
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2024-03-21
}}</ref> Pan et al. (2012) reported that [[adult circumcision| circumcisions are done later]] when needed to treat tight [[foreskin]], so the prevalence of [[circumcision]] is only 2.66 percent.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Pan
|first=
|init=L
|author-link=
|last2=Zhang
|first2=
|init2=A
|author2-link=
|last3=Shen
|first3=
|init3=R
|author3-link=
|last4=Wang
|first4=
|init4=Z
|author4-link=
|etal=no
|title=Acceptability of early infant male circumcision among chinese parents: strategy implications of HIV prevention for china
|journal=BMC Public Health
|location=
|date=2012-09-04
|volume=12
|issue=
|article=738
|page=
|pages=
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3549833/pdf/1471-2458-12-738.pdf
|archived=
|quote=China lacks the history and cultural norms endorsing circumcision.
|pubmedID=22946988
|pubmedCID=3549833
|DOI=10.1186/1471-2458-12-738
|doi=
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2024-03-21
}}</ref>
Zhang (2024) reported the cost of each [[circumcision]] surgery in [[China]] to be US$270-US$540,<ref name="scmp2024" /> so the practice of circumcision in [[China]] may be driven more by money than medical necessity.
{{REF}}
[[Category:Circumcision]]
[[Category:Male circumcision]]
[[Category:China]]