Changes

{{Construction Site}}'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' may be created by surgical or non-surgical means.<ref name="collier2011">{{REFjournal |last=Collier |first=Roger |init=R |author-link= |title=Whole again: the practice of foreskin restoration |journal=CMAJ |date=2011 |volume=183 |issue=18 |pages=2092-3 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3255154/ |quote= |pubmedID=3255154 |pubmedCID=22083672 |DOI=10.1503/cmaj.109-4009 |accessdate=2023-10-10}}</ref> Surgical restoration is very rare. The vast majority of restored foreskins have been created by non-surgical [[tissue expansion]].

Creators normally fall into two categories. : * The first category consists of men who were involuntarily received a non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] as an infant or small child.  * The second category consists of men who voluntarily granted consent as an adult for [[Adolescent and adult circumcision| adolescent or adult circumcision]], but now [[Regret men| regret ]] their decision.

Both categories of creators seek a sense of wholeness or completeness, a restoration of normal appearance of the [[penis]], and a restoration of lost sensory and other functions to the extent possible. Other reasons are to regain control over one's body and anger management.<ref>{{REFbook

A combination of [[shaft skin]] plus scrotal skin was used in all reported cases to create a surgically restored [[foreskin]]. [[Shane Peterson]] of Perth, [[Australia]] excessively [[circumcised]] at birth, encountered significant issues and complications with his surgical foreskin restoration.<ref name="peterson2002">{{REFconference |last=Peterson |first=Shane E. |author-link=Shane Peterson |coauthors= |coauthors-link= |title=Assaulted and Mutilated: Surviving Circumcision Trauma |trans-title= |language= |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4757-3351-8_15 |archived= |place=Washington, DC |publisher=Springer |source=Presented at the Seventh International Symposium on Human Rights and Modern Society |date=2002-04-05 |accessdate=2023-05-24 }}</ref>

* The [[frenulum]] found on the natural [[intact ]] [[penis]], which limits foreskin retraction, cannot be restoredregained. * The [[ridged band]] area of the natural [[intact]] [[penis]], which enhances sensation, cannot be regained. ==What is regained==* The natural [[intact]] appearance is regained.

* The [[ridged bandpreputial sac]] area of the natural intact penis, which enhances sensation, cannot be restored.==What is gained==* The natural intact appearance is regained.

* The provision of skin oil and moisture to the [[glans penis ]] is regained. * Collection of [[smegma]] is regained.

* [[Dekeratinization]] of the [[glans penis ]] will gradually occur, resulting in increased causing sensitivityto be regained.

* Mobility of the [[foreskin ]] and [[gliding action]] is are regained.

* Reduction of friction and irritation in the female partner's [[vagina]] is regained.<ref name="warren1994">{{REFjournal |last=Warren |first=John |init=J |author-link=John Warren |last2=Bigelow |first2=Jim |init2=J |author2-link=Jim Bigelow |etal=no |title=The case against circumcision |trans-title= |language=English |journal=Br J Sex Med |location= |date=1994-09 |volume= |issue= |pages=6-8 |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/warren2/ |archived= |quote= |pubmedID= |pubmedCID= |DOI= |accessdate=2022-09-01}}</ref>

* improved Improved chance of female partner's orgasm is regained.<ref>{{REFjournal

|pubmedID=10349418

|DOI=10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1079.x