John Money: Difference between revisions
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[[File:JohnMoney.jpg|thumb|John Money]] | |||
The late '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''', | The late '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''', {{PhD}}, ({{LifeData |birth=1921-07-08 |birthplace=Morrinsville |birthcountry=[[New Zealand]] |death=2006-07-07 |deathplace=Towson, {{USSC|MA}} |deathcountry=[[USA]]}}), was a psychologist, sexologist and author who was a member of the faculty of {{UNI|Johns Hopkins University|JHU}}. | ||
Dr. Money was a prolific writer. He published several books and numerous articles in the medical literature. PubMed takes 23 pages to list his articles. | Dr. Money was a prolific writer. He published several books and numerous articles in the medical literature. PubMed takes 23 pages to list his articles. | ||
Dr. Money had an interest in gender-related issues such as [[intersex]] and gender | Dr. Money had an interest in gender-related issues such as [[intersex]] and gender reassignment. Dr. Money created the [https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/sex_gender/ Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic] in 1965. The clinic started gender reassignment surgery in 1966. Gender reassignment surgery was performed on adults and also on children in apparent violation of the children's right to [[physical integrity]]. | ||
==Circumcision tragedy== | ==Circumcision tragedy== | ||
Bruce Peter Reimer was one of two healthy identical twin boys born in Winnipeg, MB, [[Canada]] on 22 August 1965. His twin brother was Brian Reimer. | [[David Reimer|Bruce Peter Reimer]] was one of two healthy identical twin boys born in Winnipeg, MB, [[Canada]] on 22 August 1965. His twin brother was Brian Reimer. | ||
Although it has long been known that boys are born with the inner prepuce fused with the underlying [[glans penis]] by a [[synechia]] and is non-retractable for an extended period,<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal | Although it has long been known that boys are born with the inner prepuce fused with the underlying [[glans penis]] by a [[synechia]] and is non-retractable for an extended period,<ref name="deibart1933">{{REFjournal | ||
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}}</ref> the two boys were improperly and erroneously diagnosed with [[phimosis]] at the age of six months. | }}</ref> the two boys were improperly and erroneously diagnosed with [[phimosis]] at the age of six months. | ||
Although there were no ''valid'' medical indications for circumcision, the parents scheduled the twin boys for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] surgery by Dr. Jean-Marie Huot, a general practitioner in Winnipeg. | Although there were no ''valid'' medical indications for circumcision, the parents scheduled the twin boys for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] surgery by Dr. [[Jean-Marie Huot]], a general practitioner in Winnipeg. | ||
Bruce was scheduled first. Dr. Huot bizarrely and inexplicably chose to conduct the [[circumcision]] with the use of an electrocautery device. The device burned Bruce's [[penis]] beyond repair. | Bruce was scheduled first. Dr. Huot bizarrely and inexplicably chose to conduct the [[circumcision]] with the use of an electrocautery device. The device burned Bruce's [[penis]] beyond repair. | ||
Brian's circumcision was cancelled after Bruce's disaster. Brian's [[foreskin]] later spontaneously became retractable, illustrating the incorrectness of the [[phimosis]] diagnosis. | Brian's circumcision was cancelled after Bruce's disaster. Brian's [[foreskin]] later spontaneously became retractable, illustrating the incorrectness of the [[phimosis]] diagnosis. | ||
==Money's treatment of Bruce Reimer== | ==Money's treatment of Bruce Reimer== | ||
Bruce's parents, Janet and Ron Reimer, sought out what was thought to be the best advice on the care of a boy with no penis, so they consulted Dr. Money and the Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic. | Bruce's parents, Janet and Ron Reimer, sought out what was thought to be the best advice on the care of a boy with no penis, so they consulted Dr. Money and the Johns Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic. | ||
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Bruce/Brenda was given estrogen to induce breast growth. | Bruce/Brenda was given estrogen to induce breast growth. | ||
When Bruce/Brenda was 13, he rebelled and refused to see Dr. Money again, which effectively ended Dr. Money's treatment. Both Bruce/ | When Bruce/Brenda was 13, he rebelled and refused to see Dr. Money again, which effectively ended Dr. Money's treatment. Both Bruce/Brenda and Brian Reimer reported feeling traumatized by Dr. Money's treatment. | ||
==The aftermath== | ==The aftermath== | ||
Bruce/Brenda changed his/her name to David and lived as a male since age 15. He had a double mastectomy to remove the breasts created by Dr. Money's estrogen. | Bruce/Brenda changed his/her name to David and lived as a male since age 15. He had a double mastectomy to remove the breasts created by Dr. Money's estrogen. | ||
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Brian Reimer died of a drug overdose at age 36. | Brian Reimer died of a drug overdose at age 36. | ||
David Reimer committed suicide at age 38. | [[David Reimer]] committed suicide at age 38. | ||
{{PUB}} | {{PUB}} | ||
* {{REFjournal | * {{REFjournal | ||
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|quote= | |quote= | ||
|accessdate=2023-03-11 | |accessdate=2023-03-11 | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
Dr. Money developed Parkinson's disease as he aged. He died at age 84 in Towson, Maryland in 2006. | Dr. Money developed Parkinson's disease as he aged. He died at age 84 in Towson, Maryland in 2006. | ||
{{SEEALSO}} | {{SEEALSO}} | ||
* [[David Reimer]] | * [[David Reimer]] | ||
* [[Dr. Money And The Boy With No Penis]] | * [[Dr. Money And The Boy With No Penis]] | ||
* [[Man raised as a girl after losing penis to circumcision commits suicide]] | * [[Man raised as a girl after losing penis to circumcision commits suicide]] | ||
* [[The Question of Gender Identity. Nature vs Nurture]] | |||
* [[United States of America]] | |||
{{LINKS}} | |||
* {{REFweb | * {{REFweb | ||
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Money | |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Money | ||
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|accessdate=2023-03-12 | |accessdate=2023-03-12 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{REF}} | {{REF}} | ||
{{ABBR}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Money John}} | |||
[[Category:Person]] | [[Category:Person]] | ||
[[Category:Male]] | [[Category:Male]] | ||
[[Category:Deceased]] | |||
[[Category:Author]] | [[Category:Author]] | ||
[[Category:Psychologist]] | [[Category:Psychologist]] | ||
[[Category:New Zealand]] | [[Category:New Zealand]] | ||
[[Category:USA]] | [[Category:USA]] | ||