Difference between revisions of "Bleeding"

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[[File:Bleeding finger.jpg|thumb|A bleeding wound in the finger]]
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'''Bleeding''' and [[haemorrhage]] are ever-present risks of every surgery.
  
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One of the most common complications of circumcision is excessive bleeding. Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause death.
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[[Circumcision]] is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, including the frenular artery, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.<ref name="krill2011">{{REFjournal
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|last=Krill
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|first=Aaron J.
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|init=
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|author-link=
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|last2=Palmer
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|first2=Lane S.
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|init2=
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|author2-link=
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|last3=Palmer
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|first3=Jeffrey S.
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|init3=
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|author3-link=
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|etal=
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|title=Complications of circumcision
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|trans-title=
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|language=
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|journal= ScientificWorldJournal
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|location=
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|date=2011-12-26
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|volume=11
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|issue=
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|article=
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|page=
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|pages=2458-68
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|url=https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2011/373829/
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|archived=
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|quote=
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|pubmedID=22235177
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|pubmedCID=3253617
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|DOI=https://doi.org/10.1100/2011/373829
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|accessdate=2022-01-28
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}}</ref><ref name="hiss2000">{{REFjournal
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|last=Hiss
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|init=J
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|last2=Horowitz
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|init2=A
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|last3=Kahama
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|init3=T
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|title=Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision
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|journal=J Clin Forensic Med
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|date=2000
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|volume=7
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|pages=32-4
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|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/death/hiss1/
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|pubmedID=15274991
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|DOI=10.1054/jcfm.1999.0340
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|accessdate=2019-01-16
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}}</ref>
  
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== What the AAP says ==
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Unlike preparations for other surgeries, it is not customary to test baby boys for their blood clotting ability prior to the excision and [[amputation]] of the [[foreskin]]. In ancient times, another measure was taken to "protect" e.g. Jewish infants who did not have blood clotting abilities: The fact that circumcision on Jewish infants regularly led to [[Death| deaths]] is shown by the fact that the Talmud of Babylon, Yebamoth 64b,<ref>[http://www.come-and-hear.com/yebamoth/yebamoth_64.html Babylonian Talmud: Tractate Yebamoth]</ref> provides for when the first two (or three) sons have died after circumcision, subsequent sons no longer need to be [[circumcised]].
  
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On August 27th of 2012 the American Academy of Pediatricians (AAP) presented a new Policy Statement on Circumcision and Technical Report stating that "the benefits outweigh the risks", yet when it comes to severe complications like the ones presented here, the technical report states that "Financial costs of care, emotional tolls, or the need for future corrective surgery (with the attendant anesthetic risks, family stress, and expense) are unknown".<ref>{{REFjournal
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The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the [[United States]] are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no [[medical indication]] or disease of any kind present. Such circumcisions expose the infant boy to all surgical risks without any compensating health benefit.
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| last=
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| first=
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Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies, so any bleeding is a very serious matter. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and ''hypovolemic [[shock]]''.<ref>{{REFweb
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| coauthors=
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  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/hypovolemic+shock
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| title=Male Circumcision - Technical Report
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  |title=Hypovolemic shock
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| journal=Pediatrics
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  |publisher=Farlex
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| volume=130
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  |website=The Free Dictionary
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| issue=3
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  |accessdate=2020-01-16
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| pages=e775
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}}</ref> Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause [[death]].
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  | url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/3/e756.full
 
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  | quote=Financial costs of care, emotional tolls, or the need for future corrective surgery (with the attendant anesthetic risks, family stress, and expense) are unknown.
 
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| pubmedID=
 
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| pubmedCID=
 
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  | DOI=
 
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  | date=August 27th, 2012
 
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  | accessdate=2012-11-12
 
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}}</ref>
 
  
 
== [[UNAIDS]] ==
 
== [[UNAIDS]] ==
  
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"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include death from excess bleeding and amputation of the glans penis. Postoperative complications include the formation of skin bridges between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occuring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb
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"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include [[death]] from excess bleeding and [[amputation]] of the [[glans penis]]. Postoperative complications include the formation of [[skin bridges]] between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.<ref>{{REFweb
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| quote=
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  |url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf
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  | url=http://www.malecircumcision.org/research/documents/Neonatal_child_MC_global_review.pdf
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  |title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review
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  | title=Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review
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  |last=Weiss
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  | last=Weiss
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  |first=Helen
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  | first=Helen
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  |author-link=Helen Weiss
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  | publisher=UNAIDS
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  |publisher=[[UNAIDS]]
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  | work=
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  |date=2010
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  | date=2010
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  |accessdate=2012-11-23
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  | accessdate=2012-11-23
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}}</ref>
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}}</ref>  
 
  
 
== [[NOHARMM]] ==
 
== [[NOHARMM]] ==
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An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page].
 
An estimated number of complications is calculated in [http://www.noharmm.org/incidenceworld.htm this page].
  
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{{SEEALSO}}
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* [[Blood loss danger to infants]]
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* [[Complication]]
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* [[Death]]
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* [[Fatalities]]
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* [[Penile haematoma]]
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* [[Risks and complications]]
 
{{LINKS}}
 
{{LINKS}}
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* [http://www.circleaks.org/index.php?title=Documented_Severe_Complications_of_Circumcision Documented Severe Complications of Circumcision at Circleaks.Org]
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* {{REFweb
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|url=http://www.circumstitions.com/death-exsang.html
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|title=Judgement of Inquiry into the death of McWillis, Ryleigh Roman Bryan
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|last=Newell
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|first=Chico
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|publisher=Office of the Chief Coroner, Province of British Columbia
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|website=Cirumstitions
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|date=2004-01-19
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|accessdate=2020-01-15
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}}
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* {{REFweb
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|url=http://www.drmomma.org/2010/05/death-from-circumcision.html
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|title=Death from Circumcision
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|publisher=Dr. Momma
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|last=
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|first=
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|accessdate=2021-07-21
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}}
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*{{REFweb
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|url=https://www.doctorsopposingcircumcision.org/for-professionals/complications/#anchor-02
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|archived=
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|title=Bleeding
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|trans-title=
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|language=
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|last=
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|first=
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|author-link=
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|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision (D.O.C.)]]
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|website=
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|date=2016
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|accessdate=2022-01-15
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|format=
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|quote=
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}}
  
 
{{REF}}
 
{{REF}}
  
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[[Category:Complications of Circumcision|Bleeding]]
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[[Category:Parental information]]
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[[Category:Circumcision risk]]
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[[Category:Circumcision complication]]
  
 
[[Category:From Intactipedia]]
 
[[Category:From Intactipedia]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
 
[[Category:From IntactWiki]]
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[[de:Blutung]]

Latest revision as of 15:15, 12 November 2024

A bleeding wound in the finger

Bleeding and haemorrhage are ever-present risks of every surgery.

Circumcision is amputative surgery that severs blood vessels, including the frenular artery, so there is always risk of bleeding and hemorrhage from circumcision.[1][2]

Unlike preparations for other surgeries, it is not customary to test baby boys for their blood clotting ability prior to the excision and amputation of the foreskin. In ancient times, another measure was taken to "protect" e.g. Jewish infants who did not have blood clotting abilities: The fact that circumcision on Jewish infants regularly led to deaths is shown by the fact that the Talmud of Babylon, Yebamoth 64b,[3] provides for when the first two (or three) sons have died after circumcision, subsequent sons no longer need to be circumcised.

The vast majority of circumcisions performed in the United States are medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic circumcisions performed on newborn infants in which there is no medical indication or disease of any kind present. Such circumcisions expose the infant boy to all surgical risks without any compensating health benefit.

Newborn infants, which weigh only a few pounds, have very little blood in their tiny bodies, so any bleeding is a very serious matter. Loss of only a slight amount of blood can and does cause exsangination and hypovolemic shock.[4] Losing over 2.4 ounces of blood may cause death.

UNAIDS

"[S]ome of the serious complications that can occur during the procedure include death from excess bleeding and amputation of the glans penis. Postoperative complications include the formation of skin bridges between the shaft and the glans, infection, urinary retention (this has caused deaths), meatal ulcer, impetigo, fistulas, loss of penile sensitivity, sexual dysfunction and oedema of the glans." They also acknowledge that the frequency of complications is "underestimated because events occurring after the discharge are not captured [in the discharge sheet]" and sometimes are treated at a different hospital.[5]

NOHARMM

An estimated number of complications is calculated in this page.

See also

External links

References

  1. ↑ REFjournal Krill, Aaron J., Palmer, Lane S., Palmer, Jeffrey S.. Complications of circumcision. ScientificWorldJournal. 26 December 2011; 11: 2458-68. PMID. PMC. DOI. Retrieved 28 January 2022.
  2. ↑ REFjournal Hiss J, Horowitz A, Kahama T. Fatal haemorrhage following male ritual circumcision. J Clin Forensic Med. 2000; 7: 32-4. PMID. DOI. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  3. ↑ Babylonian Talmud: Tractate Yebamoth
  4. ↑ REFweb Hypovolemic shock, The Free Dictionary, Farlex. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  5. ↑ REFweb Weiss, Helen (2010). Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review, UNAIDS. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
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