Changes

The United States is unique in having a [[circumcision industry]] that aggressively promotes the practice of medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic, harmful infant [[circumcision]]. The decline of the unnecessary practice has been slowed by payments for unnecessary circumcision by various government heath programs and by continual encouragement and promotion of circumcision by the [[circumcision industry]]. However, the practice of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of boys is now in gradual decline.

Non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] of males for non-religious reasons originated with [[Claude François Lallemand]] in 1836 in France but soon spread to the [[United Kingdom]] in the early nineteenth century, from which it eventually spread to other English-speaking nations.<ref name="hodges1997">[[Frederick M. Hodges| Hodges FM]]. [https://lust-for-life.org/Lust-For-Life/_Textual/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp/GeorgeCDenniston-MarilynFayreMilos-editors_JamesDeMeo_SexualMutilations-AHumanTragedy_1997_235pp.pdf#page=28 A short history of the institutionalization of involuntary sexual mutilations in the United States]. in: Denniston GC, Milos MF (eds.), Sexual Mutilations: A Human Tragedy (New York: Plenum Publishing, 1997), pp. 17-40. (ISBN 0-306-45589-7)</ref>

Dr. [[E. J. Spratling]] (1895) provided information for other doctors.<ref name="self2016" />He gaved a detailed explanation of how a circumcision is to be done so as to make it as difficult as possible to achieve orgasm by [[masturbation]].<ref>{{REFjournal

[[Abraham L. Wolbarst]], {{MD}}, a Jewish New York doctor, apparently considered [[L. Emmett Holt|Holt]]'s paper to be an attack on [[Brit Milah| ritual circumcision ]] or perhaps [[Judaism ]] itself. He collected ''opinions'' from other doctors of the alleged value of [[circumcision ]] for health and published those ''opinions'' as ''scientific fact'' in a 1914 ''JAMA'' article.<ref name="wolbarst1914">{{REFjournal |last=Wolbarstentitled ''Universal circumcision as as sanitary measure]].

|url=https://www.i2researchhub.org/articles/ch-10-american-law-and-the-circumcision-of-children-doc-genital-integrity-statement/

|url=https://www.i2researchhub.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/GenitalIntegrityStatement.pdf

[[Georganne Chapin]] founded [[Intact America]] in 2008with the aid of a grant from Texas philanthropist Dean Pisani.

The ill-fated 2012 [[AAP ]] Circumcision Policy Statement expired on August 31, 2017 in accordance with AAP policy, because it was not reaffirmed. The AAP has had ''no'' official circumcision policy since that time.

==Government financial support for non-therapeutic circumcision==The United States government provides [[financial incentive]] for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] by [[third-party payment]] through numerous government health insurance programs: * [https://www.medicaid.gov/ Medicaid] — About 45 percent of births are under Medicaid.* [https://www.healthcare.gov/medicaid-chip/childrens-health-insurance-program/ Child Health Insurance Program (CHIP)Intact America] — Covers children whose family income is higher.* [https://www.ihs.gov/ Indian Health Service] — Covers the indigenous population.* [https://www.tricare.mil/ Tricare] — Covers military dependents.* [https://www.benefits.gov/benefit/4440 Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB2024) Program] — Covers federal employees and families. * [https://www.medicare.gov/ Medicare] − Covers persons who have reached 65 years of age. == Statistical data ===== Prevalence of circumcision ==='''Prevalence of called child circumcision''' is the percentage of all males of all ages "an outdated practice in the population who have been [[circumcised]].[[Intact America]] carried out a survey in 2022 that claims that 73 percent desperate need of all American men were [[circumcised]]reevaluation",<refname="alissa2024-12-16">{{REFweb |url=https://www.intactamerica.org/newsroomcircumcision-gender-equalityreevaluation/ |title=Intact FactsCircumcision: An Outdated Practice in Desperate Need of Re-Evaluation |last=Alissa |first=Kristel

|date=20222024-12-16 |accessdate=20232024-0312-2923}}</ref> however no documentation and exposed the propaganda that has been provided so it is not clear in what region it was carried out or what age groups were surveyed. The prevalence promoted the harmful but profitable practice of [[child circumcision]] varies by age, region, race, and religion. On another webpage, <ref>{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/exposing-circumcision-propaganda/ |title=The Unkindest Cut: Exposing the Propaganda That Normalized Circumcision—and How We Reclaim the Truth |last=Alissa |first=Kristel |init= |author-link= |publisher=Intact America claims 78 percent are circumcised so Intact America is uncertain of its claims. |date=2024-11-19 |accessdate=2024-12-23}}</ref>

Peter Moore [[Intact America]] (20152024) reported that 62 percent reports a rapid increase in the percentage of all American males reported being Americans who oppose the harmful [[circumcisedcircumcision]],of boys.<ref name="moore2015">{{REFweb |url=https://todaywww.yougovinstagram.com/topicsp/lifestyleDKVZQGTRl77/articles-reports/2015/02/03/younger-americans-circumcision?igsh=MWV1aW90MzBpd2dzdA%3D%3D |title=Young Americans less supportive of Opposition to circumcision at birthovertime. |last=MooreAnonymous |first=Peter |init= |author-link= |publisher=Intact America |date=2015-02-032024 |accessdate=20222025-0206-0701}}</ref> which increases the prevalence of [[intact]] [[foreskin]] to 38 percent of living American males of all ages. This percentage is expected to gradually but constantly decline, while the percentage of males who are [[intact]] due to the declining incidence of newborn boys receiving medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] is expected to increase. The percentage of males with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] is lowest with senior citizens and highest in the youngest age groups.

=== Incidence of circumcision =Second quarter===='''Incidence of [[PEPFAR]] (2025) has scrapped its ineffective and harmful "voluntary male medical circumcision''' is the percentage of newborn boys who currently are being " ([[VMMC]]) program after 15 years and at least 27,000,000 harmful and useless [[circumcisedforeskin]]amputations.<ref name="gwarisa2025">{{REFnews |title=New PEPFAR Waiver Scraps Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Program |url=https://healthtimes.co.zw/2025/02/07/new-pepfar-waiver-scraps-voluntary-medical-male-circumcision-program/ |last=Gwarisa |first=Michael |init=Long |author-term declining trendlink= |publisher=Healthtimes |website= |date=2025-02-07The incidence of non |accessdate=2025-02-therapeutic neonatal 15 |format= |quote=}}</ref> Numerous studies have demonstrated that [[adult circumcision]] hit its peak at 85-90 percent is not effective in 1980preventing [[HIV]] [[infection]]. It has Child [[circumcision]] had previously been slowly declining ever sincediscontinued.

[[Eric Clopper]] has organized [[Intact Global]] in 2024, which has the goal of litigating in numerous states to ensure that boys will enjoy "the equal protection of the law". Intact Global instituted a suit against the state of Oregon in March 2025. ==Government financial support for non-therapeutic circumcision==The United States government provides [[financial incentive]] for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] by [[third-party payment]] through numerous government health insurance programs: * [https://www.medicaid.gov/ Medicaid] — About 45 percent of births are under Medicaid.* [https://www.healthcare.gov/medicaid-chip/childrens-health-insurance-program/ Child Health Insurance Program (CHIP)] — Covers children whose family income is higher.* [https://www.ihs.gov/ Indian Health Service] — Covers the indigenous population.* [https://www.tricare.mil/ Tricare] — Covers military dependents.* [https://www.benefits.gov/benefit/4440 Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program] — Covers federal employees and families. * [https://www.medicare.gov/ Medicare] − Covers persons who have reached 65 years of age. ==The second term of President Donald J. Trump==The second term of President Donald J. Trump commenced on 21 January 2025. President Trump has promised far-reaching reforms of the executive branch of the government of the United States. It is not clear at this time (9 February 2025) how this will affect the practice of male [[circumcision]] in the United States. We note that the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief ([[PEPFAR]]) has been paused. The performance of ineffective [[genital mutilation]] (male circumcision) on African males may have stopped.<ref>{{REFnews |title=Trump's Foreign Aid Freeze |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/trump-rubio-pepfar-prep-usaid_n_67a65f98e4b0682fe26ceb1f |last=Cohn |first=Jonathan |init= |author-link= |last2= |init2= |author2-link= |publisher=Huffpost |website= |date=2025-02-07 |season= |accessdate=2025-02-09 |format= |quote=}}</ref> == Statistical data ==The National Center for Health Statistics (2013) reported that the incidence of child [[circumcision]] has been declining for thirty years.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://blogs.cdc.gov/nchs/2013/08/22/1667/ |title=Male Newborn Circumcision on a Three Decade Decline |last= |first= |init= |author-link= |publisher=National Center for Health Statistics |date=2013-08-22 |accessdate=2025-01-19}}</ref>=== Prevalence of circumcision ==='''Prevalence of circumcision''' is the percentage of all males of all ages in the population who have been [[circumcised]]. [[Intact America]] carried out a survey in 2022 that claims that 73 percent of all American men were [[circumcised]],<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://www.intactamerica.org/newsroom-gender-equality/ |title=Intact Facts |last= |first= |init= |publisher=Intact America |date=2022 |accessdate=2023-03-29}}</ref> however no documentation has been provided so it is not clear in what region it was carried out or what age groups were surveyed. The prevalence of [[circumcision]] varies by age, region, race, and religion. On another webpage, [[Intact America]] claims 78 percent are circumcised so Intact America is uncertain of its claims. Peter Moore (2015) reported that 62 percent of all American males reported being [[circumcised]],<ref name="moore2015">{{REFweb |url=https://today.yougov.com/topics/lifestyle/articles-reports/2015/02/03/younger-americans-circumcision |title=Young Americans less supportive of circumcision at birth |last=Moore |first=Peter |date=2015-02-03 |accessdate=2022-02-07}}</ref> which increases the prevalence of [[intact]] [[foreskin]] to 38 percent of living American males of all ages. This percentage is expected to gradually but constantly decline, while the percentage of males who are [[intact]] due to the declining incidence of newborn boys receiving medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] is expected to increase. The percentage of males with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] is lowest with senior citizens and highest in the youngest age groups. === Incidence of circumcision ==='''Incidence of circumcision''' is the percentage of newborn boys who currently are being [[circumcised]].====Long-term declining trend====The incidence of non-therapeutic neonatal [[circumcision]] hit its peak at 85-90 percent in 1980. It has been slowly declining ever since. Peter Moore (2015) reported that the incidence of circumcision was 55 percent.<ref name="moore2015"/> Jacobsen et al. (2021) used data from 2003 through 2016 from the Kid's Inpatient Database of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to compare [[intact]] with [[circumcised]] boys in the first 28 days of life. The authors reported a gradual declining trend in the incidence of neonatal non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] throughout the study period. The overall incidence of circumcision decreased from 57.4 percent in 2003 to 52.1 percent in 2016 over the 13 year study period or 5.3 percentage points for an average decrease of 0.4 percentage point per year. The authors noted "neonatal circumcision rates decreased significantly over time."<ref name="jacobson2021" /> There was significant variation in the incidence of circumcision by region with the Midwest reporting an incidence of 75 percent (three out of four) for the period, while boys in the West were most likely to preserve their [[foreskin]] as the West reported an incidence of only 25.9 percent or about 1 boy in 4 being [[circumcised]].<ref name="jacobson2021" /> One should also note that the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] [[medical trade association]] vacated its fraudulent 2012 Circumcision Policy Statement by allowing it to expire in 2017 without being re-affirmed. ====Midwest====The Midwest has been called the 'circumcision capital of America' because of its higher rates of circumcision. Nevertheless, the popularity of circumcision is declining even in the Midwest. In the Midwest, the incidence of [[circumcision]] has declined to 75 percent, which translates to a [[genital integrity]] rate increase to 25 percent or 1 in 4 boys having an [[intact]] foreskin.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The previous report from 2010 was one boy in five being intact,<ref name="bollinger2017" /> and before that it was 1 in 10 boys being [[intact]], so this in an increase of 250 percent (0.25/0.10 X 100 = 250%) in the rate of [[Intact| intactness]] for the Midwest. The still high incidence of circumcision in the Midwest is counterbalanced by the low incidence in the West. === Intact Intactness is the new norm === [[Intactness]] had previously been shamed in the United States,<ref name="garrett2023-12-21">{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/foreskin-phobia-intact-penis-shamed/ |title=Foreskin Phobia: How The Intact Penis Has Been Shamed |last=Garrett |first=Connor |init= |author-link=Connor Judson Garrett |publisher=Intact America]] argues |date=2023-12-21 |accessdate=2024-05-15}}</ref> but that public opinion regarding non-therapeutic era has ended. [[circumcisionIntact America]] called attention to the existence of children is approaching or at a "tipping point" at which [[intact]] genitals , when public opinion would be preferred over the shift toward [[circumcisedintactness]] varietyin 2016.<ref>{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/publicdo-you-know-about-opinionthe-ontipping-circumcisionpoint/ |title=Public Opinion on CircumcisionDo You Know: Can Intactivists Hit A Tipping About the “Tipping Point? |last=AnonymousChapin |first=Georganne |init= |author-link=Georganne Chapin |publisher=Intact America |date=20242016-0311-2301 |accessdate=2024-0406-0903}}</ref> Public opinion in the United States in 2024 has now reached that tipping point. The percentage of American boys being [[circumcised]] has been slowly but progressively declining for a long time, while the number of boys with [[intact]] [[foreskin]] has correspondingly increased.<ref name="jacobson2021" /> The percentage of [[intact]] newborn boys now exceeds the percentage of [[circumcised]] newborn boys. As the present trend continues, being [[intactintactness]] is now becoming the more usual, normal , and expected condition for newborn infant boys in America. ==American [[genital integrity]] organizations== The United States of America now have numerous [[genital integrity]] ([[intactivist]]) organizations working to promote and encourage the protection of the [[physical integrity]] of American boys. {{SEEALSO}}

[[Category:USACountries]]