Keratinization: Difference between revisions

'''Keratinization''' is the process whereby the surface of the [[glans]] and remaining [[preputial mucosa|mucosa]] of the [[circumcised]] [[penis]] become dry, toughened, hard and relatively insensitive by a layer of [[keratin]].<ref>{{REFweb

}}</ref> Normally, the [[glans]] is covered by the [[foreskin]], which moisturizes the area by [[transudation]], keeping the surface of the glans and inner [[mucosa]] moist and supple. After [[circumcision]], however, the glans and surrounding [[mucosa]] become permanently externalized, and they are exposed to the air and the constant abrasion of clothing. These areas dry out, causing layers of protective keratin to build, giving the [[glans]]and remaining [[mucosa]] a dry, leathery, calloused appearance and reducing sensation.<ref>{{REFweb

}}</ref> The layer of [[keratin]] tends to crack, so the keratinized [[glans penis] frequently exhibits cracks.  

The color of the [[glans penis]] in Caucasian males will vary. In [[intact]] males, the color of the glans penis is likely have a purple tint, while in [[circumcised]] and keratinized males the oolor is likely to be pinkish or flesh colored.

It was hypothesized in the past that the layers of [[keratin]] resulting from [[circumcision]] provided a barrier of protection against [[Circumcision and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD's)| sexually transmitted diseases]]. In 1986, the late circumcision-advocate [[Aaron J. Fink]] invented the idea, without any evidence, that circumcision could prevent the transmission of [[HIV]], arguing that the hard and toughened glans of the [[circumcised]] male resisted infection, while the soft and sensitive foreskin and glans [[mucosa]] of the [[intact]] male were ports of entry.<ref>{{REFjournal

}}</ref>--> Be that as it may, this hypothesis continues to be popular among researchers who falsely advocate for [[circumcision]] as STD prevention.

The [[foreskin]] provides moisture and oils to the [[glans penis]] by [[transudation]]. [[Foreskin restoration]] by non-surgical means has been found to reduce keratinization and to improve appearance and sensation. When the [[glans penis]] is consistently covered and protected by a regrown [[foreskin]] the moisture and oils cause the keratinization to come off gradually.  

As the glans becomes more and more sensitive, restored men come to depend upon their [[restored foreskin]] for protection and comfort.