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Neonatal [[circumcision ]] is an elective, medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[amputation]] of the healthy [[foreskin]] that is done only after parents sign a [[circumcision consent form]]. It exposes an infant to surgical risks, but does not treat or prevent disease.<ref name="deacon2022">{{REFjournal

}}</ref> Circumcision is a surgical operation and [[amputation]] that creates an open surgical wound on the [[penis]]that is kept inside a feces-laden diaper. [[Rosemary Romberg]] (2021) described infection as a "fairly common complication."<ref name="romberg2021">{{REFbook |last=Romberg |first=Rosemary |init= |author-link=Rosemary Romberg |year=2021 |title=Circumcision — The Painful Dilemma |url=https://circumcisionthepainfuldilemma.wordpress.com/ |work= |editor=[[Ulf Dunkel]] |edition=Second Edition, Revised |volume= |chapter=Infection |scope= |page=266 |pages= |location= |publisher=Kindle |ISBN=23: 979-8683021252 |quote= |accessdate=2023-08-31 |note=}}</ref> The open wound does not heal immediatelyand is exposed to the feces (poop) in the diaper (nappie). For a period of time during and after the surgery it is subject to invasion by a wide variety of bacterial, viral, or fungal pathogens.<ref name="williams1993">{{REFjournal

Maternity hospitals gather together newborn infants into a hospital nursery where they are cared for, which increases the risk of passing infection from one to the others. If an infant is compromised by an open surgical wound, then that infant is at greater risk of becoming infected. Male infants in America, where non-therapeutic infant [[circumcision ]] remains popular, are more likely to become infected than female infants. ''Staphylococcus aureus'' is a common infection and is worse when a methicillin resistant strain ([https://www.cdc.gov/mrsa/index.html MRSA]) is involved. Thompson et al. (1966) reported a higher risk of ''staphylococcus'' infection in newborn [[circumcised ]] males.<ref name="thompson1966">{{REFjournal

[[Robert S. Van Howe|Van Howe]] & Robson (2007) examined reports of three outbreaks of community-associated methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (CA-MRSA) in American maternity hospital nurseries. They found that boys, with 73 percent of the cases, are at greater risk due to the prevalence of non-therapeutic [[circumcision]]. The authors, observed that CA-MRSA can progress to bacteremia, osteomyelitis, pyelonephritis, perinephric abscess, lung abscess, empyema, [[shock]], and [[death]]. They suggested minimizing newborn circumcisions to reduce the risk of infection.<ref name="vanhowe2007">{{REFjournal

Infant non-therapeutic circumcisions do not cure disease and do not contribute to health. <ref name="allissa2025-03-25">{{REFweb |url=https://intactamerica.org/post-circumcision-infections/ |title=The Risk of Infections Post-Circumcision: What They’re Not Telling You |last=Alissa |first= |init=K |author-link=Kristel Alissa |publisher=Intact America |date=2025-03-25 |accessdate=2025-03-27}}</ref> When infection occurs after a [[circumcision]] performed by a physician, then it may be considered to be [[iatrogenic]] as the infection would not have occurred if the circumcision had not been performed.

}}</ref> Bliss et al. (1997) reported two cases of necrotizing fasciitis after non-therapeutic infant [[circumcision ]] with the Plastibell device. Extensive aggressive debridement of infected necrotic tissue was required.<ref name="bliss1997">{{REFjournal

Professor [[L. Emmett Holt]] (1913) reported 41 cases of tuberculosis in ritually [[circumcised ]] boys who had been infected by tubercular [[Mohel| mohels]], of whom 16 had died at the time of writing.<ref>{{REFjournal

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|publisher=[[Doctors Opposing Circumcision(D.O.C.)]]

  [[Category:TermMedical term]]