Website named "Healthy Children": Difference between revisions
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The '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is owned and operated by the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] ([[AAP]]), a [[medical trade association]], and is used to promote the business and income of its claimed 67,000 pediatrician members. There is an inherent conflict-of-interest between the physician's desire for income and the child's need to avoid unnecessary treatment.<ref name="abraham2005">{{REFweb | |||
The '''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' is owned and operated by the [[American Academy of Pediatrics]] ([[AAP]]), a [[medical trade association]], and is used to promote the business and income of its claimed 67,000 pediatrician members. The website is published in both English and Spanish versions. | |url=https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/op-ed-american-academy-of-pediatrics-has-lost-its-way/ | ||
|title=Op-Ed: American Academy of Pediatrics Has Lost Its Way | |||
|last=Abraham | |||
|first= | |||
|init=RL | |||
|author-link=Ralph Abraham | |||
|publisher=Children's Health Defense | |||
|date=2025-09-04 | |||
|accessdate=2025-09-08 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
The website is published in both English and Spanish versions. | |||
==Circumcision information== | ==Circumcision information== | ||
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The AAP does not inform parents on the limitation of surrogates to grant consent for non-therapeutic procedures. | The AAP does not inform parents on the limitation of surrogates to grant consent for non-therapeutic procedures. | ||
===Surrogate consent=== | ===Surrogate consent=== | ||
Autonomy is a major factor in medical ethics | Autonomy is a major factor in medical ethics, so there are ethical limitations on the surrogate.<ref name="bioethics1995">{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Kohrman | |last=Kohrman | ||
|first= | |first= | ||
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|doi= | |doi= | ||
|accessdate=2025-09-23 | |accessdate=2025-09-23 | ||
}}</ref> Surrogates are expected to respect the autonomy of the patient to the maximum extent possible, consistent with providing needed medical treatment. There are no medical indications for [[circumcision of the newborn]], so circumcision is neither diagnosis nor treatment. When the patient is a minor, then [[surrogate consent]] is usually granted by a parent acting as surrogate, but granting consent for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] exceeds a surrogate's recognized authority. | }}</ref> Surrogates are expected to respect the autonomy of the patient to the maximum extent possible, consistent with providing needed medical treatment. There are no medical indications for [[circumcision of the newborn]], so circumcision is neither diagnosis nor treatment. When the patient is a minor, then [[surrogate consent]] is usually granted by a parent acting as surrogate, but granting consent for medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] exceeds a surrogate's recognized authority. | ||
==Violation of patient rights== | ==Violation of patient rights== | ||
"Circumcision" actually is an irreversible [[amputation]] of a functional body part. In the [[United States]], even babies have legal rights to bodily integrity.<ref>[https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12998230422916570030&hl=en&as_sdt=8000003&scfhb=1 Union Pac. Ry. Co v Botsford] 141 U.S. 251 (1890).</ref> Circumcision may lawfully be performed only if someone has granted a valid consent for the amputation, however no one has the legal power to grant consent in the absence of a medical indication for a non-therapeutic circumcision of a minor.<ref name="hill2003">{{REFjournal | "Circumcision" actually is an irreversible [[amputation]] of a functional body part. In the [[United States]], even babies have legal rights to bodily integrity.<ref>[https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=12998230422916570030&hl=en&as_sdt=8000003&scfhb=1 Union Pac. Ry. Co v Botsford] 141 U.S. 251 (1890).</ref> Circumcision may lawfully be performed only if someone has granted a valid consent for the amputation, however no one has the legal power to grant consent in the absence of a medical indication for a non-therapeutic circumcision of a minor.<ref name="hill2003">{{REFjournal | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
</blockquote> | </blockquote> | ||
The decision to perform non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] belongs to the patient, not the parents. | The decision to perform non-therapeutic [[circumcision]] belongs to the patient, not the parents.<ref name="myers2020">{{REFjournal | ||
|last=Myers | |||
|first= | |||
|init=A | |||
|author-link=Alex Myers | |||
|last2=Earp | |||
|first2= | |||
|init2=BD | |||
|author2-link=Brian D. Earp | |||
|etal=no | |||
|title=What is the best age to circumcise? A medical and ethical analysis | |||
|trans-title= | |||
|language= | |||
|journal= Bioethics | |||
|location= | |||
|date=2020 | |||
|volume=34 | |||
|issue=7 | |||
|pages=645-63 | |||
|url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Brian-Earp-2/publication/337720859_What_Is_the_Best_Age_to_Circumcise_A_Medical_and_Ethical_Analysis/links/5f815f61a6fdccfd7b555395/What-Is-the-Best-Age-to-Circumcise-A-Medical-and-Ethical-Analysis.pdf | |||
|archived= | |||
|quote=Based on a careful consideration of the relevant evidence, arguments and counterarguments, we conclude that medically unnecessary penile circumcision-like other medically unnecessary genital procedures, such as 'cosmetic' labiaplasty-should not be performed on individuals who are too young (or otherwise unable) to provide meaningful consent to the procedure. | |||
|pubmedID=32068898 | |||
|pubmedCID= | |||
|DOI= | |||
|doi=10.1111/bioe.12714 | |||
|format=PDF | |||
|accessdate=2025-09-23 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
The Healthy Children Website fails to tell parents that [[circumcision]] is a medically unnecessary, non-therapeutic surgical operation/[[amputation]] that may be deferred until the boy can decide for himself | The Healthy Children Website fails to tell parents that [[circumcision]] is a medically-unnecessary, non-therapeutic surgical operation/[[amputation]] that may be deferred until the boy can decide for himself whether he wants to sacrifice his [[foreskin]]. | ||
{{LINKS}} | {{LINKS}} | ||