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'''Circumcised''' is the [https://www.wordnik.com/words/participle participle] of the verb ''to circumcise''. It functions as an adjective applied to the incomplete [[penis]] and to males with an incomplete penis, which has had an essential, functional part (the [[foreskin]]) excised, resulting in a condition of male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).  
'''Circumcised''' is the [https://www.wordnik.com/words/participle participle] of the verb ''to circumcise''. It functions as an adjective applied to the incomplete [[penis]] and to males with an incomplete [[penis]], which has had an essential, functional part (the [[foreskin]]) excised, resulting in a condition of male genital mutilation ([[MGM]]).  


Circumcised males experience physical and psychic [[trauma]] and have a life-long loss of various [[Foreskin#Physiological_functions|physiological functions]]. All have a physical [[circumcision scar]]. Psychic scars are not visible, but most experience [[Psychological issues of male circumcision|behavioral changes]]. Circumcised males may experience tight and painful [[erection]].
[[Intact]] is displacing circumcised among newborn boys as the new NORM in America.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://en.intactiwiki.org/wiki/United_States_of_America#Intactness_is_the_new_norm
|title=Intact is the new norm
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|publisher=IntactiWiki
|date=2024-04-09
|accessdate=2024-05-14
}}</ref>
 
== Circumcised males ==
The circumcision procedure used by medical doctors in modern times is essentially the [[periah]] procedure invented by the rabbis in 140 A.D. and designed to inflict the maximum amount of irreversible harm to the [[penis]] to prevent the practice of [[epispasm]].
 
Circumcised males experience physical and psychic [[trauma]].<ref name="garrett2023-12-17">{{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/circumcision-trauma/
|title=Circumcision Trauma: The Invisible Elephant in the Room
|last=Garrett
|first=Connor
|init=
|author-link=Connor Judson Garrett
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2023-12-17
|accessdate=2024-05-15
}}</ref> Prescott (1975) argued that circumcised men are deprived of "physical sensory pleasure" and this is the "principal root cause of violence."<ref name="prescott1975">{{REFjournal
|last=Prescott
|init=JW
|author-link=James W. Prescott
|url=http://www.violence.de/prescott/bulletin/article.html
|title=Body Pleasure and the Origins of Violence
|journal=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
|date=1975-11
|volume=
|issue=
|pages=10-20
|accessdate=2025-09-13
}}</ref> Andersen-Giberson (2025) reported circumcised men are disabled.<ref name="andersen2025">{{REFjournal
|last=Andersen-Giberson
|init=D
|author-link=Dale Andersen
|url=https://cdd.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/cdd/article/view/39786/36016
|title=Circumcision and forced disability: Routine male neonatal circumcision and the consequences of amputation within a critical disability studies framework
|journal=Critical Disability Discourses
|date=2025-12
|volume=10
|issue=2
|pages=1-37
|URL=https://cdd.journals.yorku.ca/index.php/cdd/article/view/39786/36016
|DOI=https://doi.org/10.25071/1918-6215.39786
|accessdate=2026-03-12
|quote=In a critical disability studies framework, it is argued that the act of amputating healthy erogenous tissue and the consequences of that amputation cause disability, particularly from a counter-hegemonic lens.
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2026-03-13
}}
</ref>
 
Circumcised men have a life-long loss of various [[Foreskin#Physiological_functions|physiological functions]]. All have a physical [[circumcision scar]]. Circumcised men are more likely to have hair on their penile shaft.<ref name="milos2022-09-12">{{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/ask-marilyn-is-it-normal-to-have-hair-on-your-penis/
|title=Ask Marilyn—Is It Normal to Have Hair on Your Penis?
|last=Milos
|first=
|init=MF
|author-link=Marilyn Fayre Milos
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2022-09-12
|accessdate=2024-10-24
}}</ref>
 
Psychic scars are not visible, but most experience [[Psychological issues of male circumcision|behavioral changes]]. ''Denial of loss'' is common.<ref name="hill2017">{{REFjournal
|last=Hill
|first=
|init=G
|author-link=George Hill
|title=The case against circumcision
|journal=Journal of Men's Health and Gender
|date=2007
|volume=4
|issue=3
|pages=318-23
|url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=04ace5046cc27f01b8fbe4aa359c059778983912
|quote=
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2023-10-01
}}</ref> Circumcised men who become fathers may exhibit [[adamant father syndrome]].
 
Circumcised males lack a [[foreskin]], so cannot have a [[preputial sac]]. Circumcised males may experience tight and painful [[erection]] and are more likely to have excess hair on the shaft of the [[penis]].
 
Circumcised males lose most or all of their [[gliding action]].<ref name="spratling1895">{{REFjournal
|last=Spratling
|init=EJ
|author-link=
|last2=
|init2=
|author2-link=
|url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/9a247c3410d34390e418dc970faa3b87/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=40146
|title=Masturbation in the Adult
|journal=Medical Record
|date=1895
|volume=
|issue=
|pages=442-3
|accessdate=2023-08-06
}}</ref>
 
Most circumcised males experience a [[Masturbation#Circumcised_penis| masturbation]] handicap.<ref name="spratling1895" /> <ref name="kimpang2007">{{KimDS PangMG 2007}}</ref>
 
Laumann et al. (1997) reported, "circumcised men engage in a more elaborated set of sexual practices."<ref name="Laumann1997">{{REFjournal
|last=Laumann
|init=EO
|last2=Masi
|init2=CM
|last3=Zuckerman
|init3=EW
|title=Circumcision in the United States: prevalence, prophylactic effects, and sexual practice
|journal=JAMA
|volume=277
|issue=13
|pages=1052-1057
|url=http://www.circs.org/library/laumann/
|quote=
|pubmedID=9091693
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1001/jama.277.13.1052
|date=1997-04-02
|accessdate=2023-10-30
}}</ref>
 
Circumcised males may have more difficulty with penetration.<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Taves
|first=
|init=DR
|author-link=
|etal=no
|title=The intromission function of the foreskin
|trans-title=
|language=
|journal=Med Hypotheses
|location=
|date=2002-08
|volume=59
|issue=2
|pages=180-2
|url=https://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/taves1/
|archived=
|quote=Repeated measurements showed a 10-fold reduction of force on entry with an initially unretracted foreskin as compared to entry with a retracted foreskin.
|pubmedID=12208206
|pubmedCID=
|DOI=10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00250-5
|accessdate=2024-04-10
}}</ref>
 
A few circumcised males report difficulty in reaching a climax during sexual intercourse.
 
Surprisingly, many circumcised men are ignorant of their [http://www.intactaus.org/information/functionsoftheforeskin/ lost function]. They may not know that they are circumcised. Many men cannot recognize their [[circumcision scar]] as a scar.<ref>{{REFbook
|last=Bigelow, Ph.D
|first=Jim
|init=
|author-link=Jim Bigelow
|year=1995
|title=The Joy of Uncircumcising
|url=
|work=
|editor=
|edition=Second Edition
|volume=
|chapter=Psychological factors related to infant circumcision
|scope=242
|page=110
|pages=
|location=Aptos
|publisher=Hourglass
|ISBN=0-934061-22-X
|quote=
|accessdate=2023-08-13
|note=
}}</ref>  They frequently believe the fraudulent claims of health benefits and count themselves fortunate to be circumcised! Others may be in ''denial of loss'' — the first stage of grief.
 
Other circumcised males, however, become aware of their lost function, including loss of [[Erogenous sensation of the foreskin| sexual sensation]],<ref name="garrett2024-05-15">{{REFweb
|url=https://intactamerica.org/negative-effects-of-circumcision-in-later-life/
|title=Negative Effects of Circumcision in Later Life: Long-term Implications
|last=Garrett
|first=Connor
|init=
|author-link=Connor Judson Garrett
|publisher=Intact America
|date=2024-05-15
|accessdate=2024-08-16
}}</ref> and develop deep resentment and rage because of their parent's decision to order irreversible infant [[circumcision]].
 
Men who voluntarily submitted to [[adult circumcision]]  may rue their decision and become [[regret men]].


Surprisingly, many, perhaps most, circumcised men are ignorant of their lost function. They may not know that they are circumcised. They frequently believe the claims of health benefits and count themselves fortunate to be circumcised!
For the longer term, non-surgical [[foreskin restoration]] may help circumcised men to improve sensation.


==Etymology==
''Circumcised'' is a Biblical term. It occurs 43 times in the Bible. The first occurrence is in Genesis 17:10. It also is used as a noun to refer to the Hebrews.  
''Circumcised'' is a Biblical term. It occurs 43 times in the Bible. The first occurrence is in Genesis 17:10. It also is used as a noun to refer to the Hebrews.  
 
==Legal opinion==
Family Court Judge Sir James Munby ruled in the case of [[Re B and G (children) (No 2) EWFC 3| B & G]] that excision of the functional [[foreskin]] of the penis constituted "significant harm".<ref>{{REFweb
Family Court Judge Sir James Munby ruled in the case of [[Re B and G (children) (No 2) EWFC 3| B & G]] that [[excision]] of the functional [[foreskin]] of the [[penis]] (circumcision) constituted "significant harm".<ref>{{REFweb
  |title=Re B and G (Children) (No 2) [2015&#93; EWFC 3
  |title=Re B and G (Children) (No 2) [2015&#93; EWFC 3
  |url=https://www.familylaw.co.uk/news_and_comment/re-b-and-g-children-no-2-2015-ewfc-3
  |url=https://www.familylaw.co.uk/news_and_comment/re-b-and-g-children-no-2-2015-ewfc-3
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{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Alexithemia| Alexithymia]]
* [[Circumcised doctors]]
* [[Circumcision]]
* [[Circumcision]]
* [[Circumcision and violence]]
* [[Circumcision coma]]
* [[Foreskinned]]
* [[Foreskinned]]
* [[Intact]]
* [[Intact]]
* [[Regret men]]
* [[Regret men]]
* [[Sexual effects of circumcision]]
* [[Uncircumcised]]
* [[Uncircumcised]]


{{REF}}
{{REF}}


[[Category:Body modification]]
[[Category:Culture]]
[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:Circumcision term]]
[[Category:Circumcision term]]
[[Category:Foreskin anatomy]]
[[Category:Foreskin anatomy]]
[[Category:Body modification]]
[[Category:Genital mutilation]]
[[Category:Genital mutilation]]
[[Category:Parental information]]
[[Category:Penis]]
[[Category:Religion]]
[[Category:Religion]]
[[Category:Violence]]


[[de:Beschnitten]]
[[de:Beschnitten]]
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