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Pre-ejaculate: Difference between revisions

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{{GraphicWarning}}
{{GraphicWarning}}
[[File:Pre-ejaculate closeup.jpg|thumb|Pre-ejaculate on the glans of the penis]]
[[File:Pre-ejaculate closeup.jpg|thumb|Pre-ejaculate on the glans of the penis]]
{{Construction Site}}
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' (also known as '''pre-ejaculatory fluid''', '''pre-seminal fluid''' or '''Cowper's fluid''', and colloquially as '''''pre-cum''''')<ref name="cowpers">{{REFweb
'''{{FULLPAGENAME}}''' (also known as '''pre-ejaculatory fluid''', '''pre-seminal fluid''' or '''Cowper's fluid''', and colloquially as '''''pre-cum''''')<ref>{{REFweb
  |url=https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Pre-ejaculate
  |url=https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Pre-ejaculate
  |title=Pre-ejaculate
  |title=Pre-ejaculate
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  |date=2005
  |date=2005
  |accessdate=2023-01-09
  |accessdate=2023-01-09
}}</ref> is a clear, colorless, very slippery liquid that is produced by the Cowper's glands<ref>{{REFweb
}}</ref> is a clear, colorless, very slippery liquid that is produced by the Cowper's glands. <ref>{{REFweb
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Cowper%27s+glands
  |url=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Cowper%27s+glands
  |title=Cowper's glands.
  |title=Cowper's glands.
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  |date=2005
  |date=2005
  |accessdate=2023-01-09
  |accessdate=2023-01-09
}}</ref> and discharged from the urethra of males. It collects under the [[foreskin]] of normal, [[foreskinned]] males where it functions as a lubricant at times of sexual arousal, [[masturbation]] or [[sexual intercourse]].
}}</ref> and discharged from the [[urethra]] of males. It collects under the [[foreskin]] in the [[preputial sac]] of normal, [[foreskinned]] males where it functions as a lubricant at times of sexual arousal, [[masturbation]] or [[sexual intercourse]]. They are also called the bulbo-urethral glands and are the male equivalent of the Bartholin's Glands.<ref name="cowpers" />


== Function and risks ==
== Function and risks ==
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  |issue=2
  |issue=2
  |pages=74–7
  |pages=74–7
|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00499.x
  |date=2005-04
  |date=2005-04
  |pubmedID=15811067
  |pubmedID=15811067
  |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00499.x
  |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00499.x
  |s2cid=32553227
  |s2cid=32553227
}}</ref> The [[vagina]] is normally acidic, so the deposit of pre-ejaculate before the emission of semen may change the vaginal environment to promote sperm survival.<ref name=Chudnovskycite>{{REFjournal
|format=PDF
}}</ref> The [[vagina]] is normally acidic, so the deposit of pre-ejaculate before the emission of [[semen]] may change the vaginal environment to promote sperm survival.<ref name=Chudnovskycite>{{REFjournal
  |last=Chudnovsky
  |last=Chudnovsky
  |init=A
  |init=A
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  |issue=4
  |issue=4
  |pages=157–9
  |pages=157–9
|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3455634/pdf/10815_2004_Article_461193.pdf
  |pubmedID=12762415
  |pubmedID=12762415
  |pubmedCID=3455634
  |pubmedCID=3455634
  |doi=10.1023/A:1022933320700
  |doi=10.1023/A:1022933320700
|format=PDF
}}</ref><ref name="HIV"/> Two contrary studies found mixed evidence, including individual cases of a high sperm concentration.<ref name="Killick">{{REFjournal
}}</ref><ref name="HIV"/> Two contrary studies found mixed evidence, including individual cases of a high sperm concentration.<ref name="Killick">{{REFjournal
  |last=Killick
  |last=Killick
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  |volume=99 Suppl 2
  |volume=99 Suppl 2
  |pages=S38–41
  |pages=S38–41
|url=https://www.thaiscience.info/Journals/Article/JMAT/10986029.pdf
  |pubmedID=27266214
  |pubmedID=27266214
  |issn=0125-2208
  |issn=0125-2208
}}</ref> Popular belief&nbsp;– dating to a 1966 Masters and Johnson study<ref>{{REFbook
|format=PDF
}}</ref> Popular belief&nbsp; —  dating to a 1966 Masters and Johnson study<ref>{{REFbook
  |last=Masters
  |last=Masters
  |init=WH
  |init=WH
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  |location=Boston, MA
  |location=Boston, MA
  |page=211
  |page=211
}}</ref>&nbsp;– stated that pre-ejaculate may contain sperm that can cause pregnancy, which is a common basis of argument against the use of ''coitus interruptus'' (withdrawal) as a contraceptive method.<ref name=zukerman/><ref name="HIV">{{REFjournal
}}</ref>&nbsp; —  stated that pre-ejaculate may contain sperm that can cause pregnancy, which is a common basis of argument against the use of ''coitus interruptus'' (withdrawal) as a contraceptive method.<ref name=zukerman/><ref name="HIV">{{REFjournal
  |title=Researchers find no sperm in pre-ejaculate fluid
  |title=Researchers find no sperm in pre-ejaculate fluid
  |journal=Contraceptive Technology Update
  |journal=Contraceptive Technology Update
Line 163: Line 168:


== Distribution ==
== Distribution ==
Sexually aroused men tend to secrete pre-ejaculate, which may be distinguished by its slippery quality.


The quantity of pre-ejaculate produced various widely between individuals. Production of pre-ejaculate may be triggered by erotic thoughts alone.
The quantity of pre-ejaculate produced various widely between individuals. Some observers believe that, on average, [[foreskinned]] males tend to produce more pre-ejaculate than [[circumcised]] males,<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/user/WickerMadman/
|title=Does anyone else leak precum through their clothing?
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-10-25
|accessdate=2025-10-05
}}</ref> apparently due to the superior sexual sensation received by the autonomic nervous system from the [[ridged band]], [[frenulum]], and other nerves of the [[foreskin]]. [[Restored]] men report increased production of pre-ejaculate after restoration.<ref>{{REFweb
|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_eBZN-MBow5XrMIN_PdM4JPU4nFqMrtp/view
|title=Benefits of Foreskin Restoration
|last=
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2025-06-07
}}</ref>
 
Production of pre-ejaculate may be triggered by erotic thoughts alone.  


Some observers believe that, on average, [[circumcised]] males tend to produce less pre-ejaculate than [[foreskinned]] males, due to loss of sexual sensation received by the autonomic nervous system from the [[ridged band]] and other nerves of the [[foreskin]].
{{SEEALSO}}
{{SEEALSO}}
* [[Masturbation]]
* [[Penis]]
* [[Preputial sac]]
* [[Semen]]
* [[Vagina]]
* [[Vagina]]
{{LINKS}}
{{LINKS}}
* {{URLwikipedia|Pre-ejaculate|Pre-ejaculate|2023-01-10}}
* {{URLwikipedia|Pre-ejaculate|Pre-ejaculate|2023-01-10}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-precum-5085078
|title=What Is Precum?
|last=Lane
|first=S. Nicole
|init=
|publisher=Verywell Health
|date=2022-10-02
|accessdate=2023-01-16
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1o5u1my/why_is_there_more_precum_during_and_after/?chainedPosts=t3_hh6io1
|title=Why is there more precum during and after restoration?
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-10-13
|accessdate=2025-10-17
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1puq7h6/precum_everyday/
|title=Precum Everyday
|last=Anonymoues
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2025-12-24
|accessdate=2025-12-25
}}
* {{REFweb
|url=https://www.reddit.com/r/foreskin_restoration/comments/1qyb2bc/more_precum/
|title=More precum?
|last=Anonymous
|first=
|init=
|author-link=
|publisher=REDDIT
|date=2026-02-07
|accessdate=2026-02-07
}}
{{REF}}


{{REF}}


[[Category:Education]]
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:Male sexuality]]
[[Category:Term]]
[[Category:Term]]
[[Category:Male sexuality]]
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