New England Journal of Medicine: Difference between revisions

WikiAdmin (talk | contribs)
m adjusted REFjournal
Line 6: Line 6:
In 1997, the ''NEJM'' printed a strongly pro-circumcision editorial by Dr. [[Thomas E. Wiswell|Thomas Wiswell]],<ref>{{REFjournal
In 1997, the ''NEJM'' printed a strongly pro-circumcision editorial by Dr. [[Thomas E. Wiswell|Thomas Wiswell]],<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Wiswell
  |last=Wiswell
  |first=T.E.
  |init=TE
  |title=Circumcision circumspection
  |title=Circumcision circumspection
  |journal=N Engl J Med
  |journal=N Engl J Med
Line 14: Line 14:
}}</ref> but did not print the alternative opinion in favor of normal anatomy (see Abstracts & Analysis). When misinformation in Wiswell's editorial was brought to the attention of the editor, there was no attempt to correct Wiswell's exaggerated benefit claims. In contrast, the ''NEJM'' had printed a Sounding Board discussion of circumcision examining the purported advantages and disadvantages of circumcision earlier in 1990.<ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> but did not print the alternative opinion in favor of normal anatomy (see Abstracts & Analysis). When misinformation in Wiswell's editorial was brought to the attention of the editor, there was no attempt to correct Wiswell's exaggerated benefit claims. In contrast, the ''NEJM'' had printed a Sounding Board discussion of circumcision examining the purported advantages and disadvantages of circumcision earlier in 1990.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Schoen
  |last=Schoen
  |first=E.J.
  |init=EJ
  |title=The status of circumcision of newborns
  |title=The status of circumcision of newborns
  |journal=N Engl J Med
  |journal=N Engl J Med
Line 22: Line 22:
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Poland
  |last=Poland
  |first=R.L.
  |init=RL
  |title=The question of routine neonatal circumcision
  |title=The question of routine neonatal circumcision
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/poland/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/poland/
Line 33: Line 33:
In a previous article in the ''NEJM'', Royce ''et al.'' insinuated that the prepuce may be a risk factor for HIV infections.<ref>{{REFjournal
In a previous article in the ''NEJM'', Royce ''et al.'' insinuated that the prepuce may be a risk factor for HIV infections.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Royce
  |last=Royce
  |first=R.A.
  |init=RA
  |last2=Sena
  |last2=Sena
  |first2=A.
  |init2=A
  |last3=Cates Jr
  |last3=Cates Jr
  |first3=W.
  |init3=W
  |last4=Cohen
  |last4=Cohen
  |first4=M.S.
  |init4=MS
  |title=Sexual transmission of HIV
  |title=Sexual transmission of HIV
  |journal=N Engl J Med
  |journal=N Engl J Med
Line 47: Line 47:
}}</ref> This factually inaccurate article was referenced in a letter to the editor as proof that circumcision protects an individual from HIV infections.<ref name="Laumann1997">{{REFjournal
}}</ref> This factually inaccurate article was referenced in a letter to the editor as proof that circumcision protects an individual from HIV infections.<ref name="Laumann1997">{{REFjournal
  |last=Laumann
  |last=Laumann
  |first=E.O.
  |init=EO
  |last2=Masi
  |last2=Masi
  |first2=C.M.
  |init2=CM
  |last3=Zuckerman
  |last3=Zuckerman
  |first3=E.W.
  |init3=EW
  |title=Circumcision in the United States: prevalence, prophylactic effects, and sexual practices, and sexual practice
  |title=Circumcision in the United States: prevalence, prophylactic effects, and sexual practices, and sexual practice
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/laumann/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/general/laumann/
Line 76: Line 76:
}}</ref> in 1996 position papers. Taylor described the unique innervation of the preputial mucosa in 1996, and its loss to circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> in 1996 position papers. Taylor described the unique innervation of the preputial mucosa in 1996, and its loss to circumcision.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Taylor
  |last=Taylor
  |first=J.R.
  |init=JR
  |last2=Lockwood
  |last2=Lockwood
  |first2=A.P.
  |init2=AP
  |last3=Taylor
  |last3=Taylor
  |first3=A.J.
  |init3=AJ
  |title=The prepuce: specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision
  |title=The prepuce: specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/taylor/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/anatomy/taylor/
Line 89: Line 89:
}}</ref> Taddio ''et al''. showed that circumcision with and without local anesthesia (EMLA) resulted in negative behavioral changes in a child's response to [[pain]].<ref name=Taddio1997>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> Taddio ''et al''. showed that circumcision with and without local anesthesia (EMLA) resulted in negative behavioral changes in a child's response to [[pain]].<ref name=Taddio1997>{{REFjournal
  |last=Taddio
  |last=Taddio
  |first=A.
  |init=A
  |last2=Katz
  |last2=Katz
  |first2=J.
  |init2=J
  |last3=Ilersich
  |last3=Ilersich
  |first3=A.L.
  |init3=AL
  |last4=Koren
  |last4=Koren
  |first4=G.
  |init4=G
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/taddio2/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/taddio2/
Line 106: Line 106:
The research on EMLA and circumcision presented by Taddio ''et al.'' was proclaimed as a major advance.<ref>{{REFjournal
The research on EMLA and circumcision presented by Taddio ''et al.'' was proclaimed as a major advance.<ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Taddio
  |last=Taddio
  |first=A.
  |init=A
  |last2=Stevens
  |last2=Stevens
  |first2=B.
  |init2=B
  |last3=Craig
  |last3=Craig
  |first3=K.
  |init3=K
  |last4=Rastogi
  |last4=Rastogi
  |first4=P.
  |init4=P
  |last5=Ben-David
  |last5=Ben-David
  |first5=S.
  |init5=S
  |last6=Shennan
  |last6=Shennan
  |first6=A.
  |init6=A
  |last7=Mulligan
  |last7=Mulligan
  |first7=P.
  |init7=P
  |last8=Koren
  |last8=Koren
  |first8=G.
  |init8=G
  |title=Efficacy and safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain during circumcision
  |title=Efficacy and safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain during circumcision
  |journal=N Engl J Med
  |journal=N Engl J Med
Line 128: Line 128:
}}</ref> When the limitations of this form of local anesthesia was brought to the attention of the editors, they failed to print the criticism (see Abstracts & Analysis). They failed to point out that this form of local anesthesia (EMLA) did not prevent the long term negative behavioral response to [[pain]] previously reported in the ''Lancet''.<ref name=Taddio1997/> The lack of effects of EMLA on long term negative behavioral changes caused by circumcision was printed in British medical journals.<ref name=Taddio1997/><ref>{{REFjournal
}}</ref> When the limitations of this form of local anesthesia was brought to the attention of the editors, they failed to print the criticism (see Abstracts & Analysis). They failed to point out that this form of local anesthesia (EMLA) did not prevent the long term negative behavioral response to [[pain]] previously reported in the ''Lancet''.<ref name=Taddio1997/> The lack of effects of EMLA on long term negative behavioral changes caused by circumcision was printed in British medical journals.<ref name=Taddio1997/><ref>{{REFjournal
  |last=Taddio
  |last=Taddio
  |first=A.
  |init=A
  |last2=Goldbach
  |last2=Goldbach
  |first2=M.
  |init2=M
  |last3=Ipp
  |last3=Ipp
  |first3=M.
  |init3=M
  |last4=Stevens
  |last4=Stevens
  |first4=B.
  |init4=B
  |last5=Koren
  |last5=Koren
  |first5=G.
  |init5=G
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain responses during vaccination in boys
  |title=Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain responses during vaccination in boys
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/taddio/
  |url=http://www.cirp.org/library/pain/taddio/