IntactiWiki

Informed consent: Difference between revisions

← Older editNewer edit →
WikiModEn2 (talk | contribs)
Bureaucrats
22,147 edits
Relocate text.
Line 147: Line 147:
==Information for parents regarding non-therapeutic circumcision of infant boys.==
==Information for parents regarding non-therapeutic circumcision of infant boys.==


 
This section is for all parents of boys, but is addressed primarily to parents of boys who are located in the United States of America, who appear to be most uninformed or misinformed about the [[foreskin]] and [[circumcision]]. Information is not making it to parents. Studies have shown that doctors provide parents with almost no accurate or useful information about circumcision. After several generation of promotion of and near universal neonatal circumcision in the United States, most Americans are profoundly ignorant of a normal body part.
 
This section is for all parents of boys, but is addressed primarily to parents of boys who are located in the United States of America, who appear to be most uninformed or misinformed about the [[foreskin]] and [[circumcision]].


===Provision of relevant information===
===Provision of relevant information===
Line 173: Line 171:
Svoboda ''et al''. {2000) commented:
Svoboda ''et al''. {2000) commented:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Even more troubling in the common occurrence of parents being presented with the circumcision question for the first time when a mother is in labor at a hospital. Surgeon George Kaplan notes that "all too often the consent to circumcise is included in a sheaf of papers that the mother signs hurriedly on her way to the delivery room. No discussion has been held regarding the merits of the procedure or of the inherent risks." Kaplan characterizes this practice as "inexcusable". Raising the circumcision issue for the first time upon the mother's arrival at the hospital to give birth amounts to manipulation and coercion. Because the physician and the hospital benefit financially from the parent's decision, such a practice raises grave concerns about unethical profiteering.
Even more troubling in the common occurrence of parents being presented with the circumcision question for the first time when a mother is in labor at a hospital. Surgeon George Kaplan notes that "all too often the consent to circumcise is included in a sheaf of papers that the mother signs hurriedly on her way to the delivery room. No discussion has been held regarding the merits of the procedure or of the inherent risks." Kaplan characterizes this practice as "inexcusable". Raising the circumcision issue for the first time upon the mother's arrival at the hospital to give birth amounts to manipulation and coercion. Because the physician and the hospital benefit financially from the parent's decision, such a practice raises grave concerns about unethical profiteering.<ref name="svoboda2002" />
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


For some reason this information is not making it to parents. Studies have shown that doctors provide parents with almost no accurate or useful information about circumcision.
===Physician behavior===


One study showed that 40% of parents believed that their doctors failed to provide enough information, 46% reported that their doctors failed to give them any medical information at all, and 82.8% of parents regretted their decision they made within the first six months of their son’s life.<ref>{{REFjournal
One study showed that 40% of parents believed that their doctors failed to provide enough information, 46% reported that their doctors failed to give them any medical information at all, and 82.8% of parents regretted their decision they made within the first six months of their son’s life.<ref>{{REFjournal
Line 212: Line 210:
  |year=Sept 2002
  |year=Sept 2002
}}</ref> This [[Financial Incentive| incentive]] can cloud a physician’s judgment when it comes to providing parents with information about circumcision.
}}</ref> This [[Financial Incentive| incentive]] can cloud a physician’s judgment when it comes to providing parents with information about circumcision.
Many circumcised men, some of whom are [[Circumcised doctors|doctors]], experience a strong denial of loss which in turn fuels an emotional compulsion to repeat the trauma to normalize their loss.
<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Van der Kolk
|first=B.A.
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/
|title=The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism
|journal=Psychiatr Clin North Am
|date=1989
|volume=12
|issue=2
|pages=389-411
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Goldman
|first=R.
|author-link=Ronald Goldman
|url=https://bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1093.x
|title=The psychological impact of circumcision
|journal=BJU Int
|date=1999
|volume=83
|issue=Suppl. 1
|pages=93-103
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Maguire
|first=P.
|last2=Parks
|first2=C.M.
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/maguire/
|title=Coping with loss: surgery and loss of body parts
|journal=BMJ
|date=1998
|volume=316
|issue=7137
|pages=1086-1088
|accessdate=2011-03-18
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Hill
|first=G.
|author-link=George Hill
|url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33967758/2007-09_Hill.pdf?1402982200=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3D2007-09_Hill.pdf&Expires=1595612145&Signature=PUx~LEPsI~dkaQePR4jH-C9vZZ4-B~KE3QK5rpNZcne1qgxVEOkf1~bDZlsfvVM4Bw8GV~NDF~YRWTTQbxdh-w~y3xtR02RqYPmFyXmHaZ8sSivNGGySsfaH4a1G6H5nGJlAvZt3KqIJjcDPAZ1DtEXo4fvdhA1FfJ8UTi4UUNAutH33jw4NBHWj30NXOh2OLNIN~g7VQ~sRUo0jTj6acC81S-phEZAqoRjH3nQEc99Ly2s26eAjMgj2t96oet77mn8CDZ4Te36FUxlPvy4sCPCcednQBEpuA2gLm7oHquGg6AtUw9Zj7GjCsd70146nEjSQgKmCyZkRQjd~nGiUvg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
|title=The case against circumcision
|journal=J Mens Health Gend
|date=2007-08-20
|volume=4
|issue=3
|pages=318-323
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Goldman
|first=R.
|author-link=Ronald Goldman
|url=https://academic.oup.com/pch/article/9/9/630/2648566
|title=Circumcision policy: a psychosocial perspective
|journal=Paediatr Child Health
|date=2004
|volume=9
|issue=9
|pages=630-633
}}</ref>


===Pain and anesthesia===
===Pain and anesthesia===
Line 508: Line 565:
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Many circumcised men, some of whom are [[Circumcised doctors|doctors]], experience a strong denial of loss which in turn fuels an emotional compulsion to repeat the trauma to normalize their loss.
 
<ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Van der Kolk
|first=B.A.
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/vanderkolk/
|title=The compulsion to repeat the trauma: re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism
|journal=Psychiatr Clin North Am
|date=1989
|volume=12
|issue=2
|pages=389-411
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Goldman
|first=R.
|author-link=Ronald Goldman
|url=https://bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.0830s1093.x
|title=The psychological impact of circumcision
|journal=BJU Int
|date=1999
|volume=83
|issue=Suppl. 1
|pages=93-103
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Maguire
|first=P.
|last2=Parks
|first2=C.M.
|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/psych/maguire/
|title=Coping with loss: surgery and loss of body parts
|journal=BMJ
|date=1998
|volume=316
|issue=7137
|pages=1086-1088
|accessdate=2011-03-18
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Hill
|first=G.
|author-link=George Hill
|url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/33967758/2007-09_Hill.pdf?1402982200=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3D2007-09_Hill.pdf&Expires=1595612145&Signature=PUx~LEPsI~dkaQePR4jH-C9vZZ4-B~KE3QK5rpNZcne1qgxVEOkf1~bDZlsfvVM4Bw8GV~NDF~YRWTTQbxdh-w~y3xtR02RqYPmFyXmHaZ8sSivNGGySsfaH4a1G6H5nGJlAvZt3KqIJjcDPAZ1DtEXo4fvdhA1FfJ8UTi4UUNAutH33jw4NBHWj30NXOh2OLNIN~g7VQ~sRUo0jTj6acC81S-phEZAqoRjH3nQEc99Ly2s26eAjMgj2t96oet77mn8CDZ4Te36FUxlPvy4sCPCcednQBEpuA2gLm7oHquGg6AtUw9Zj7GjCsd70146nEjSQgKmCyZkRQjd~nGiUvg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
|title=The case against circumcision
|journal=J Mens Health Gend
|date=2007-08-20
|volume=4
|issue=3
|pages=318-323
}}</ref><ref>{{REFjournal
|last=Goldman
|first=R.
|author-link=Ronald Goldman
|url=https://academic.oup.com/pch/article/9/9/630/2648566
|title=Circumcision policy: a psychosocial perspective
|journal=Paediatr Child Health
|date=2004
|volume=9
|issue=9
|pages=630-633
}}</ref>


{{LINKS}}
{{LINKS}}
Retrieved from "https://en.intactiwiki.org/wiki/Informed_consent"